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LANDING OF THE PILGRIMS (1620{AT NEW PLYMOUTH.

CHAPTER I.

Unsuccessful attempts of Gilbert, Raleigh, and others

PT I.

P'D. II.

CH. I.

1578.

1. QUEEN ELIZABETH, the reigning sovereign of England, gave to Sir Humphrey Gilbert, in 1578, by an open or patent letter, "all such remote, heathen, and barbarous lands," as he should discover in North America, and of which he should take possession; these lands not having been occupied before, by any Gilbert's other Christian power. She vested in him and his patent. heirs the right of property, and guaranteed that all, who should settle there, should enjoy the privileges of free citizens and natives of England. The patentee was to acknowledge the authority of the sovereign of England, and pay one-fifth of all the gold and silver obtained.

CHAPTER I.-1. From whom did Sir Humphrey Gilbert receive his patent? What lands did it give him? What rights vest in him and his heirs? What guarantee to those who should settle the country? What enjoin upon the person who received the patent?

34

P'T. I.

P'D. II.

A LADY OF THE WOODS.

2. In Gilbert's first attempt to plant a colony, he put to sea, but was obliged to return. In his second, he CH. I. reached Newfoundland, where he took possession of the country for his sovereign, by raising a pillar in1579, scribed with the British arms. From thence, he sailed 1583. south-westerly, till he reached the latitude of the mouth Gilbert's of the Kennebec. Here the largest of his three vessels ages. was wrecked, and all her crew perished.

to

two voy

His

disasters

3. Gilbert now finding it impossible to proceed, set his face towards England, keeping in the smallest of his remaining vessels, a barge of only ten tons; for his generous heart refused to put any to a peril, he was himself unwilling to share. The passage was stormy, but his pious mind found comfort in the reflection death. which, as he sat reading in the stern of his barge, he 66 uttered to his companions in the larger vessel; are as near heaven at sea, as on land." In the night, the lights of his little bark suddenly vanished, and he was heard of no more.

and

1583.

Sept. 22.

Sir W.

we

4. Sir Walter Raleigh, the brother-in-law of Gilbert, obtained from Queen Elizabeth, a transfer of his patent. Raleigh Raleigh had learned from the unsuccessful emigrants sends of France, the mildness and fertility of the south, and and thither he dispatched two vessels, under Philip Amidas, Barlow. and Arthur Barlow. They approached the shore at

Amidas

Beautiful

Pamlico Sound, and on landing in Ocracok or Roanoke Island, they found grapes abundant, and so near the coast, that the sea often washed over them.

5. The natives were as kindly as their climate and soil. The king's son, Granganimo, came with fifty of example his people, and received them with distinguished courhospi tesy. He invited them to his dwelling at twenty miles tality. distance on the coast; but when they went, it chanced he was not at home. His wife came out to meet them.

of native

2. In Gilbert's first attempt what happened? In his second how far did he proceed? In what manner take possession? What disaster did he meet, and at what place?-3. What trait of generosity did he exhibit? What were the last words he was heard to utter?-4. Who obtained a similar patent? Whom did Sir W. Raleigh send out? To what place did they go? What account did they give of Roanoke Island?-5. What of the natives? How did an Indian lady behave?

RALEIGH'S ATTEMPTS UNSUCCESSFUL.

35

She ordered some of her people to draw their boat PT.I. ashore to preserve it, and others to bring the English- P'D. II. men on their backs through the surf. She then con- CH. L. ducted her guests to her home, and had a fire kindled, that they might dry their clothes, which were wet with rain. In another room, she spread a plentiful repast of fish, venison, esculent roots, melons, and fruits. As they were eating, several Indians, armed with bows and arrows, entered. She chid them, and sent them away, lest her visiters should suffer from alarm.

Elizabeth

names

6. When the navigators returned to England, and made this report to Elizabeth, she was induced to call Queen the country VIRGINIA, as a memorial that the happy discovery had been made under a Virgin queen. This Virginia. name soon became general throughout the coast.

In one

Seven

der

Grenville.

7. Raleigh now found many adventurers ready to embark in his project; and in 1585, he fitted out a 1585. squadron of seven ships, under the command of Sir ships unRichard Grenville, who followed the course of Amidas and Barlow, and touched at the same islands. of these he cruelly burned a village, because he suspected an Indian of having stolen a silver cup. He then left a colony under Captain Lane, at the island of Roanoke. The colonists, reduced to great distress for Colony at want of provisions, were, the next year, carried to En- Roanoke gland by Sir Francis Drake, who was returning from a successful expedition against the Spaniards in the West Indies.

under

Lane.

8. Soon after their departure, they were sought by a ship, which had been sent by Raleigh with supplies; and afterwards by Sir Richard Grenville. He not finding them, most unwisely left fifteen of his crew to keep possession of the island, and then returned to England. Of this small number nothing was afterwards heard. Fifteen Probably they were destroyed by the injured and revengeful savages.

6. Who gave a name to the country? What name?-7. Whom did Raleigh next send? When? What was done by Sir R. Grenville? What can you say of the colony which he left?-8. What of another small colony?

men lost.

36

P'T. I.

P'D. II.

CH. 1.

GOSNOLD'S VISIT.

9. In 1587, Raleigh again sent out a colony of one hundred and fifty adventurers to the same island, under Captain White. He soon returned to England to solicit supplies for the colony. Before he departed, his Second daughter, Mrs. Dare, gave birth to a female infant, the Roanoke first child of English parents born in America. The colony. infant was baptized by the name of Virginia.

1587.

lost

10. The attempts made by Raleigh for the relief of this colony were unremitted, but unsuccessful; and three years elapsed before he could procure the means of sending Captain White to their relief. It was then

too late. Not one remained; nor, though repeatedly Raleigh's sought, has any clue to their fate ever been found. colony. Appalled and in danger of perishing himself, White returned, without leaving one English settler on the shores of America.

Gosnold

1602. 11. In 1602, Bartholomew Gosnold, with thirty-two visits N. men, sailed from Falmouth, and steering due west, he England. was the first English commander who reached the

country by this shorter and more direct course. He approached the coast near Nahant, then bearing to the south he discovered and named Cape Cod, which was the first ground in New England ever trod by English

men.

12. From Cape Cod he sailed round Nantucket, and discovered Martha's Vineyard. He then entered Buzzard's Bay, and finding a fertile island, he gave it, in honor of the Queen, the name of Elizabeth. Near its western shore, on a small island in a lake, he built a fort and store-house, and prepared to leave a small Natives colony. But the natives became hostile, and his inhostile. tended settlers would not remain. Having freighted

his vessel with sassafras root, then much esteemed in medicine, he hoisted sail and reached England with all

9. What of the second? What name was given to the first native born English child?-10. Were attempts made to relieve this colony? Does any one know what became of Mrs. Dare, or her child, or any of the colony?-11. Give some account of Gosnold? Point out on the map his course? Tell where he ap proached. What discoveries he made? 12. At what place did he prepare to colonize? Was he successful in planting a colony?

NORTH AND SOUTH VIRGINIA.

men, after a passage

his known.

37

of five weeks, the shortest then P'T. I.

P'D. II.

1603.

Henry

grants

13. Henry IV., of France, in 1603, granted to the CH. 1. Sieur de Monts, the country called Acadia, extending from the 40th to the 46th degree of north latitude. The next year De Monts sailed from France, taking IV. Samuel Champlain as his pilot. He entered an exten- Acadia. sive bay, called it La Baye Francaise, [Bay of Fundy,] and on its eastern side, he founded Port Royal. He DeMonts discovered and named the rivers St. John and St. Croix, Port and sailed along the coast as far as Cape Cod.

founds

Royal.

London

company.

14. The English becoming alarmed at this encroachment on territory which they claimed, James I., the 1606. successor of Elizabeth, dividing the country into two districts nearly equal, granted the southern part, or first colony of Virginia, included between the 34th and 41st degrees, to a company of merchants called the London Company; and the northern or second colony of Virginia, included between the 38th and 45th degrees, to another corporation, called the Plymouth PlyCompany. The king vested these companies with a right of land along the coast, fifty miles each way, and extending into the interior one hundred miles from the place of settlement.

mouth

company.

Settle

Kenne

15. The Plymouth Company, in 1607, sent out Admiral Raleigh Gilbert, with a hundred planters, under Captain George Popham, the president of the company. They landed at the mouth of Kennebec river, where ment at they built and fortified a store-house. The sufferings of the colony, through the winter, were severe. They 160%. lost their store-house by fire, and their president by death, and the next year returned to England, considering the country "a cold, barren, mountainous desert," where, in the quaint language of that period, they declared, "they found nothing but extreme extremities."

12. What of his voyage in regard to time?-13. What was granted to De Monts? By whom? What voyage and discoveries did he make? Who accompanied him? 14. Between what two companies did the English now divide the country? What names give to each division? Trace the two divisions on Map III, unless you draw the Maps, and have one of your own to exhibit. 15. Whom did the Plymouth company send out? What was the success of the settlement at Kennebec ? D