spectors, and an appendix, giving the General Orders of the Industrial Commission on Sanitation. The volume is illustrated with various sketches showing methods of plumbing installations of all kinds, which "are an integral part of the Code". Since the enactment of the State Plumbing Law 39 cities have been visited for the purpose of explaining the provisions of the law and the State Plumbing Code, also for making inspections of plumbing and drainage installations. Twenty-seven public meetings were held which were attended by city officials, plumbers and the general public, 182 new installations were inspected and 64 violations of the State Code found consisting of improper design, poor workmanship and material below the required standard. The following may be cited as the causes for these violations,-indifference, lack of knowledge, established custom, keen competition and lack of regulation and supervision. There are in Wisconsin 18 cities which are required by law to appoint a local plumbing inspector and 35 cities in which plumbers are required to be licensed. 14 cities and 4 villages have provided for local inspection of plumbing and drainage installations, either in accordance with the state or with a local code. 26 cities were found to have local ordinances and 34 cities have requested assistance in amending their local ordinances or in formulating new suitable ordinances. The majority of cities have ordinances providing that cesspools shall not be placed in any public street, avenue, lane, alley, or sidewalk. These ordinances, however, do not take into consideration the location of cesspools relative to wells, cisterns, springs or other source of water supply. Ordinances were found in a number of cities providing that no privy vaults be installed within a given zone of either business or residence districts. A total of 94 public sewer systems were found in the cities and villages of the state, with a total of 131 municipal water systems and 27 private water systems. SUMMARY. Since its inauguration the Plumbing Division of the State Board of Health has completed the following work up to June 30, 1914: It has issued licenses to 597 master plumbers; 1065 journeyman plumbers; and 418 plumbing contractors, It has held two examinations, as a result of which 24 masters and 13 journeyman have been issued licenses. It has formulated and issued the State Plumbing Code in book form. It has compiled and issued a List of Licensed Plumbers of the state in book form. It has made through the State Plumbing Inspector numerous trips of inspection throughout the state, and has given assistance in amending local plumbing and drain laying ordinances or in formulating new suitable ordinances. The board feels assured from the investigations which have been made and from the results accomplished, that there is a demand for uniform state regulation of plumbing, drainage and plumbing installation. We feel confident that the enforcement of this law will aid materially in improving health conditions throughout the state and in insuring to the public more durable materials, better methods of installation and better protection against indifferent and unscrupulous plumbers. FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE STATE LICENSING OF PLUMBERS AUGUST 28, 1913 TO JANUARY 1, 1914. *A part of this sum is for renewals; approximately $22,020 for initial fees. (Up to Jan. 1, 1914, $2,153.00 of the cash received in fees is for renewals for 1914; the balance is for initial fees.) FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE STATE LICENSING OF PLUMBERS, JANUARY 1, TO JUNE 30, 1914. *A part of this sum is for renewals; approximately $2,800 is for initial fees. 141 84 900 00 238 60 285 00 194 00 600 00 225 60 79 46 25 00 60 00 $3,880 32 Statements furnished for the following from Secretary of State: Printing and paper. Postage Stationery and office supplies Total Total disbursements $527 40 215 20 43 27 36 12 $821 99 $4,702 31 $29,108 31 Jan. 1, to July 1, 1914. 56 ($40.00 initial fee) CONTAGIOUS DISEASES. The following are the tables of contagious diseases for the calendar years of 1912 and 1913, compiled from the reports received by the State Board of Health from the local health officers in the various townships, incorporated cities and villages. The statistical tables are made by calendar years instead of for the fiscal period, in order that the report may be comparable with similar statistics in the various states and cities, for practically all the states and larger cities have adopted this method of compiling statistics. The statistical tables which follow this summary contain the report of all cases of diphtheria, typhoid fever, whooping cough, smallpox, scarlet fever, measles, tuberculosis, meningitis and acute anterior poliomyelitis or infantile paralysis, reported to the State Board of Health by the local health officers. The investigation made by the state office shows that the local health officers report all cases of which they receive notice either from the attending physician or the responsible head of the family, if there is not a physician in attendance. The discrepancy, therefore, in the number of cases reported as compared with the number of deaths reported, is due to the failure on the part of the attending physician, responsible head of the family or other person having knowledge of the presence of this disease to report all facts in regard to the case to the local health officers. It is interesting to note in the following outline the difference in the number of deaths from the various diseases reported by the local health officers and in the number of deaths taken from the actual mortality record: |