Ten Years in Washington: Life and Scenes in the National Capital, as a Woman ... - Mary Clemmer - كتب Google

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Festivities-"Devoted to Art"-Scene in "the Avenue "-A Lively Time-The Mighty

Drum-Major-West Point Warriors Criticised-Faultlessly Ridiculous-Pitilessly

Dressed- Taken for a Nigger "-Magnificent Display-The Oldest Regiment in the

States -The President-The Senators-Invitation of the Coldstream Guards-The

Strangers-Generals Sherman and Sheridan-Admiral Porter-Sketches of Well-known

Men-The Diplomatic Corps-Bacque Bey-Full Turkish Costume-Sir Edward Thorn-

ton-The Japanese Minister-Senator Sumner Appears-The Supreme Court-Senator

Wilson-Cragin, Logan, and Bayard-Vice-President Colfax-Enter, the President-

Congress Alive Again-The Valedictory-Taking the Oaths-"The Little Gentleman

in the Big Chair "-His Little Speech-His Wife and Family Behind-The New Presi-

dent-Memories of Another Scene-Grand Jubilation-The Procession-The Curtain

CHAPTER XXVIII.

THE NEW PRESIDENT-THE INAUGURATION BALL.

How Sixty Thousand Dollars were Spent-Something Wrong: ""Twas ever Thus "-Re-

collection of another Festival-How "the Dust" was Raised-A Fine Opportunity for

a Few Naughty Words-Lost Jewels-The Colored Folks in a Fix-Overpowered by

Numbers-Six Thousand People Clamoring for their Clothes!" Promiscuous" Prop-

erty-A Magnificent "Grab"-Weeping on Window-ledges-Left Desolate-Walking

under Difficulties-The Exploit of Two Old Gentlemen-Horace Greeley Loses his

Old White Hat-He says Naughty Words of Washington-Seeking the Lost-Still

Cherished by Memory-Some People Remind General Chipman-" Regardless of Ex-

pense "-A Ball-Room Built of Wooden Laths and Mustin-A Little Too Cold-Gay

Decorations-How "Delicate" Women can Endure the Cold-Modesty in Scanty Gar-

ments The President Frozen-The "Cherubs, Perched up Aloft," Refuse to Sing-On

the Presidential Platform-Ladies of Distinction-Half-frozen Beauties-"They did

not Make a Pretty Picture "-Why and Wherefore?-A Protest against Shams"

A Stolid Tanner who Fought his Way,

THE UNITED STATES TREASURY-ITS HISTORY.

The Responsibilities and Duties of the Secretary of the Treasury-" The Most Remarkable

Man of his Time "-Three Extraordinary Men-Hamilton Makes an Honest Proposal-

How to Pay the National Debt-The New Secretary at Work-Laying the Foundation

of Financial Operations-The Mint at Philadelphia-A Little Personal Abuse-The

Secretary Borrows Twenty Dollars-Modern Greediness-The Genius Becomes a Law-

yer-Burning of Records-Hunting for Blunders and Frauds-The Treasury Building

Treasury Notes go off Nicely-Mr. Crawford Under a Cloud-He Comes out Glo-

riously-A Little Variety-A Vision of Much Money-Fidgety Times-Lighting the

Mariner on his Way-Old Debts Raked up-Signs of the Times-Under Lincoln-S. P.

Chase as Secretary-The National Currency Act-Enormous Increase of the National

Debt-Facts and Figures-The Credit of the Government Sustained-President Grant's

Rule-George S. Boutwell made Secretary-Great Expectations-Mr. Boutwell's Labors,

Policy and Success-The Great and Growing Prosperity of the Nation,

INSIDE THE TREASURY-THE HISTORY OF A DOLLAR.

A Washington Tradition-"Old Hickory" Erects his Cane-" Put the Building Right

Here"--Treasury Corner-Stone Laid--Robert Mills' Discolored Colonnade--Where

"Privileged Mortals" Work-A Very Costly Building--Rapid Extension of Business-

Splendid Situation of the Building--The Workers Within The Government Takes a

Holiday--The Business of Three Thousand People--The Mysteries of the Treasury-

Inside the Rooms-Mary Harris's Revenge-The "Drones" in the Hive-Making

Love in Office Hours-Flirtations in Public-A Vast Refuge for the Unfortunate-Two

Classes of Employés-A List of Miserable Sinners-A Pitiful Ancient Dame-A Protégé

of President Lincoln--Women's Work in the Treasury-The Bureau of Printing and

Engraving-A very Hot Precinct-Rendering a Strict Account-Not a Cent Missing-

The "Chief's" Report-Dealing in Big Figures-The Story of a Paper Dollar-In the

Upper Floor-The Busy Workers-Night Work-Where the Paper is Made-The "Lo-

calized Blue Fibre "The Obstacle to the Counterfeit er-The Automatic Register-

Keeping Watch-The Counters and Examiners-Supplying the Bank Note Companies

"The American" and "The National"-An Armed Escort-No Incomplete Notes

Possible-Varieties of Printing-The Contract with Adams' Express-Printing the

Notes and Currency-Internal Revenue Stamps-Thirty Young Ladies Count the

Money-Manufacturing the Plates-The Engraving Division-"The Finest Engravers

in the Country "The Likeness of Somebody-Transferring a Portrait-" Men of Many

Minds"-The Division of Labor-Delicate Õperations-A Pressure of Five or Six Tons

-The Plate Complete--" Re-entering" a_Plate-An “Impression”-How Old Plates

are Used up-A Close Inspection-Defying Imitation-The Geometric Lathe-Tracing

"Lines of Beauty" for More than Forty Years,

THE WORKERS IN THE TREASURY-HOW THE MONEY IS MADE.

The Dollar with the Counters--In the Tubs--Getting a Wetting--Servants of Necessity--

That Scorching Roof--Brown Paper Bonnets--Earning their Daily Dollar--The Work

Progressing--In the Press--A State of Dampness--Squaring Accounts-Cal ing for a

Thousand-Accounting for Them--Superintending the Work--The Face-printing Divis-

ion--The United States Sealer "-One Hundred and Thirty-five Presses at Work--

Printing Cigar-Stamps and Gold- Notes of Many Colors-Presses " Flying "-Quick

with Dangerous Motion-With a Begrimed Face-The "Help-mate" of his Toil-The

Fiery Little Brazier-What the Man Does-The Woman's Work-The Automatic Reg-

ister-An Observer Without a Soul-Our Damp Little Dollar-The Drying Room-The

First Wrinkles-Looking Wizened and Old-Rejuvenating a Dollar-Underneath Two

Hundred and Forty Tons-Smooth and Polished--Precious to the Touch-A Virgin Dol-

lar-The "Sealer" at Work-Mutilated Paper-What the Women are Paid-The Sur-

face-Sealing Division-Seal Printing-The Aristocratic Green Seal-The Numbering

Division-Attended Solely by Women and Giris-Critically Examined-A Lady Charged

with Errors-Securing Adequate Care-Dividing the Dollars-To Start Alone-Ladies

Serene at Work-Snowy Aprons and Delicate Ribbons-Needling the Sheet-A Blade

that Does Not Fail-Sorting the Notes-The Manipulation of the Ladies-The Dollar

"In its Little Bed "-Dollar on Dollar-"Awaiting the Final Call"-The Mandate of

Uncle Sam-Fourteen Divisions-Making Up Accounts-Tracing a Note-A Perfect

System of " Checks"-The Safeguards-The Chief of the Bureau,

THE LAST DAYS OF A DOLLAR.

The Division of Issues-Ready for the World-Starting Right-Forty Busy Maids and

Matrons-Counting Out the Money-Human Machines-A Lady Counting for a Dozen

Years-Fifty Thousand Notes in a Day-Counting Four Thousand Notes in Twenty

Minutes-Travelling on Behalf of Uncle Sam-In Need of a Looking-Over-" Detailed "

for the Work-What has Passed Through Some Fingers-Big Figures-Packing Away

the Dollars-The Cash Division-The Marble Cash-Room-The Great Iron Vault-

Where Uncle Sam Keeps His Money-Some Nice Little Packages-Taking it Coolly-

One Hundred Millions of Dollars in Hand-Some Little White Bags-The Gold Taken

from the Banks of Richmond-Anxious to Get Their Money Back-A Little Difficulty

-Not Yet "Charged "—A Distinction without a Difference-Charming Variety-A Nice

Little Hoard-Five Hundred Millions Stored Away-The Secret of the Locks-The Hy-

draulic Elevator-Sending the Money off-How the Money is Transported-Begrimed,

Demoralized, and Despoiled-Where is our Pretty Dollar?-The Redemption Division

-Counting Mutilated Currency-Women at Work-Sorting Old Greenbacks-Three

Hundred Counterfeit Dollars Daily-Detecting Bad Notes Short," "Over," and

"Counterfeit"-Difficulty of Counterfeiting Fresh Notes-Vast Amounts rent for

Redemption-Thirty-one Million Dollars in One Year-The Assistant Treasurer at

New York-The Cancelling Room-The Counter's Report-The Bundle in a Box-

Awkward Responsibility-" Punching" Old Dollars-They are Chopped in Two-Pay-

ing for Mistakes-The Funeral of the Dollar-The Burning, Fiery Furnace-“ The

Burning Committee "-What They Burn Every Other Day-The End of the Dollar, . 326

CHAPTER XXXIII.

THE GREAT CASH-ROOM - THE WATCH-DOG OF THE TREASURY.

No Need for Dirty Money-The Flowers of July-Money Affairs-The Great Cash-Room

-Its Marble Glories-A Glance Inside-The Beautiful Walls-A Good Deal of Very

Bad Taste-Only Made of Plaster-The Clerks of the Cash-Room-New Money for Old

-The National Treasury-"The Watch-Dog" of the Treasury-The Custodian of the

Cash-A Broken-nosed Pitcher-Ink for the Autographs-His Ancient Chair-" The

General "—"Crooked, Crotchety and Great-hearted "" Principles " and Pantaloons

-Below the Surface-An Unpaintable Face-An Object of Personal Curiosity-Dick

and Dolly pay the General à Visit-How the Thing is Done-" Pretty Thoroughly

Wrought Up"-A Couple without any Claims-Gratified in the Very Jolliest Fashion

-Getting his Autograph-A Specimen for the Folks at Home-Realizing a Responsi-

bility-Where the Treasurer Sleeps-Going_the_Round at Night-Making Assurance

Sure-Awakened by a Strong Impression-Sleepless-In the "Small Hours "-Finding

the Door Open-A Careless Clerk--The Care of Eight Hundred Millions-On the Alert

--The Secretary's Room--Three at the Table--Doings and Duties--The Labors of the

Secretary and Comptrollers--The Auditors-The Solicitor's Office--The Light-House

Board--The Coast Survey--Internal Revenue Department,

WOMAN'S WORK IN THE DEPARTMENTS-WHAT THEY DO AND HOW THEY

Women Experts in the Treasury-General Spinner's Opinion-A Woman's Logic--The

Gifts of Women-Their Superiority to Men--Money Burnt in the Chicago Fire-Cases

of Valuable Rubbish-Identifying Burnt Greenbacks--The Treasure Saved-1he Ashes

of the Boston Fire-From the Bottom of the Mississippi--Mrs. Patterson Saves a

"Pile" of Money-Money in the Toes of Stockings--In the Stomachs of Men and

Beasts--From the Bodies of the Murdered and Drowned--Not Fairly Paid-One Hun-

dred and Eighty Women at Work-- The Broom Brigade"-Scrubbing the Floors-

The Soldier's Widow--Stories which Might be Told--Meditating suicide--The Struggle

of Life--How a Thousand Women are Employed--Speaking of their Characters-The

Ill-paid Servants of the Country--Chief Justice Taney's Daughters--Colonel Albert

Johnson's Daughter--A Place Where Men are Not Employed--Writing "for the Press "

--Miss Grundy of New York--The Internal Revenue Bureau--" Marvels of Mechanical

Beauty "-- Women of Business Capacity--A Lady as Big as Two Books!--In a Man's

Place--A Disgrace to the Nation-Working for Two, Paid for One--How "Retrench-

ment" is Carried Out--In the Departments--Beaten by a Woman--The Post Office De-

partment--Folding "Dead Letters "--A Woman who has Worked Well-“ Sorrow Does

Not Kill "--The Patent Office--The Agricultural Department-Changes Which Should

WOMEN'S WORK IN THE TREASURY.

The Scales of Justitia--Where They Hang and Where They Do Not Hang--The Difference

Between Men and Women--Reform a "Sham!"-The First Women-Clerks-A Shame-

ful and Disgraceful Fraud--What Two Women Did--Cutting Down the Salaries of

Women-The First Woman-Clerk in the Treasury-Taking Her Husband's Place-

Working "in Her Brother's Name"-A Matter of Expediency-The Feminine Tea-

Pot-The Secretary Growls at the Tea-Pots-The Hegira of the Tea-Pots--Thackeray's

Opinion of Nature's Intentions-Blind on One Side--In War Days--General Spinner

Visits Secretary Chase-" A Woman can Use Scissors Better than a Man"-Profound

Discovery!"She'll do it Cheaper ""Light Work "—“ "Recognized "-Besieged by

Women-Scenes of Distress and Trouble-Hundreds of Homeless Women-After the

War-How the Appointments were Made-Creating an Interest-The Advantages of

the "Sinners "-Infamous Intrigues-The Baseness of Certain Senators-Virtue Spat-

tered with Mud-A Disgrace to the Nation-Secret Doings in High Places-New Civil

Service Rules-Sounding Magnanimous-Passing the Examination-The Irrepressible

Masculine Tyrants-The New Rules a Perfect Failure-Up to the Mark, but not Win-

ning-An Alarming Suggestion-Men versus Women-Tampering with the Scales-

How Much a Woman Ought to be Paid-Opinion of a Man in Power-Interesting De-

scription of an Average Representative-"Keeping Women in Their Place "-Getting

Up a Speech on Woman-The Man who Stayed at Home-Generosity of the "Back-

Pay" Congress-What Women Believe Ought to be Done,.

MR. PARASITE IN OFFICE-HOW PLACE AND POWER ARE WON.

Government Official Life-Its Effects on Human Nature-Keeping his Eye Open-The

Sweet and Winning Ways of Mr. Parasite-In Office-The Fault of "the People" and

"my Friends"-Shrinking from Responsibilities-Pulling the Wool over the Eyes of

the Innocent-Writing Letters in a Big Way-The "Dark Ways" of Wicked Mr. P.

-A Suspicious Yearning for Private Life-The Sweets of Office-A Little Change of

Opinion A Man Afflicted with Too Many Friends-Forgetting Things that Were-

John Jones is not Encouraged-Post-offices as Plentiful as Blackberries-Receiving

Office-seekers-"The Worst Thing in the World for You"-Dismissing John-Over-

crowded Pastures-John's Own Private Opinion-The Mighty Messenger "-Govern-

ment-Servants-Peculiar Impartiality of the Man in Office-What the Successful Man

Said I Change my Opinion of Him-A Certain Kind of Man, and Where He can be

CHAPTER XXXVII.

THE DEAD LETTER OFFICE-ITS MARVELS AND MYSTERIES.

The Post-Office-Its Architecture-The Monolithic Corinthian Columns - The Postal Ser-

vice in Early Times-The Act of Queen Anne's Reign-" Her Majesty's Colonies "-

After the Revolution-The First Postmaster-General-The Present Chief-A Cabinet

Minister-The Subordinate Officers-Their Positions and Duties-The Ocean Mail

Postal Service-The Contract Office-The Finance Office-The Inspection Office-Com-

plaints and Misdoings-Benjamin Franklin's Appointment-He goes into Debt-One

Hundred and Twenty Years Ago-Franklin Performs Wonderful Works-His Ideas

of Speed-Between Boston and Philadelphia in Six Weeks-Dismissed from Office-

The Congress of "The Confederation ”—A New Post Office System-Franklin Comes

In Again-The Inspector of Dead Letters-Not Allowed to Take Copies of Letters-

Only-eventy-five Offices in the States-Primitive Regulations-Only One Clerk Gov-

ernment Stages-The Office at Washington-Saved from the British Troops-Frank-

lin's Old Ledger-The Present Number of Post Offices-The Dead Letter Office-The

Ladies Too Much Squeezed-Some of the Ladies "Packed "-Opening the Dead Let-

ter-Why Certain Persons are Trusted-Three Thousand Thoughtless People--Valua-

ble Letters--Ensuring Correctness--The Property Branch-The Touching Story of the

Photographs--The Return Branch-What the Postmaster Says,
398

CHAPTER XXXVIII.

THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR-UNCLE SAM'S DOMESTIC AR-

Inadequate Accommodation in Heaven-Defects of Our Great Public Buildings-The

Public Archives--Valuable Documents in Jeopardy--Talk of Moving the Capital--A

Dissen-ion of a Hundred Years-Concerning (ertain Idiots--A Day in the Patent

Office--The Inventive Genius of the Country--Aggressions of the Home Department-

A Comprehensive Act of Congress-Seven Divisions of the Department of the Inte-

rior-The Disbursing Division-Division of Indian Affairs--Lands and Railroads--Pen-

sions and Patents--Public Documents--Division of Appointments-The Superintendent

of the Building-- The Secretary of the Interior and his Subordinates-Pensions and

their Recipients-Indian Affairs--How the Savages are Treated--Over Twenty-one

Million of Dollars Credited to their Little Account-The Census Bureau--A Rather

Big Work-The Bureau of Patents--What is a Patent ?-A Self-supporting Institution

--A Few Dolars Over--The Use Made of a Certain Brick Building-Secretary De ano

An Objection Against Him-How Wickedly he Acted to the Women Clerks- The

Accustomed Tyranny of Men "--Cutting Down the Ladies' Salaries-Making Places

for Useful Voters--A Sweet Prayer for Delano's Welfare--Something about Delano's

THE PENSION BUREAU--HOW GOVERNMENT PAYS ITS SERVANTS.

The Generosity of Congress to Itself-How Four Hundred Acts of Congress were Passed

-How Pensions have Increased and Multiplied--Sneering at Red Tape--The Division

of Labor--Scrutinizing Petitions--A Heavy Paper Jacket--The Judicial Division-In-

valids, Widdows, and Minors--The Examiner of Pensions--The Difficulties of his Po-

sition-Unsatisfactory Work--How Claims are Entertained and Tested-What is

Recorded in the Thirty Enormous Volumes--How many Genuine Cases are Refused-

One of the Inconveniences of Ignorance--The Claim-Agent Gobbles' up the Lion's

Share--An Extensive Correspondence--How Claims are Mystified, and Money is

Wasted--The "Reviewer's" Work-The "Rejected Files "--The "Admitted Files"

--Seventy-five Thousand Claims Pending-Very Ancient Claimants-The Bounty

Land Division--The Reward of Fourteen Days' Service-The Sum Total of what the

Government has Paid in Pensions--How the Pensions are Paid--The Finance Division

-The Largest and the Smallest Pension Office-The Miscellaneous Branch-Investigat-

ing Frauds-A Poor "Dependent" Woman with Forty Thousand Dollars-How

"Honest and Respectable" People Defraud the Government-The Medical Division--

Examining Invalids--The Restoration-Desk--The Appeal-Desk-The Final-Desk--The

Work that Has Been Done-One Hundred and Fifty Thousand People Grumbling---

Letter of an Ancient Claimant--The Wrath of a Pugnacious Captain,

TREASURES AND CURIOSITIES OF THE PATENT OFFICE-THE MOdel

ROOM--ITS RELICS AND INVENTIONS.

The Patent Office Building-Grace and Beauty of its Architecture-Four "Sublime "

Porticoes-A Pretty Large Passage-The Model Room-" The Exhibition of the Nation"

--A Room two Hundred and Seventy Feet in Length--The Models-Recording our

Name--Wonders and Treasures of the Room--Benjamin Franklin's Press--Model

File-Escapes--Wonderful Fire-Extinguishers-The Efforts of Genius--Sheep-Stalls,

Rat-Traps, and Gutta Percha--An Ancient Mariner's Compass--Captain Cook's Kazor

-The Atlantic Cable--Original Treaties--The Signatures of Emperors--An Extraordi-

nary Turkish Treaty--Treasures of the Orient--Rare Medals--The Reward of Major

Andre's Captors--The Washington Relics--His Old Tent--His Blankets and Bed-

Curtain--His Chairs and Looking-Glass-His Primitive Mess-Chess and old Tin

Plates-The Old Clothes of the "Father of His Country"-Military Relics of Well-

known Men-Original Draft of the Declaration of Independence-Washington's Com-

mission-Model of an Extraordinary Boat-Abraham Lincoln as an Inventor-The

Hat Worn on the Fatal Night-The Gift of the Tycoon-The Efforts of Genius-A

Machine to Force Hens to Lay Eggs-A Hook for Fishing Worms out of the Human

Stomach-The Library of the Patent Office,

THE BUREAU OF PATENTS CRAZY INVENTORS AND WONDERFUL

Patent-Rights in Steamboats-Origin of Copyright and Patent-Laws-Congress Settles

the Matter-A Board of Disinterested, Competent " Persons-Destruction of the

Patent-Office by Fire-The New Building-The Corps of Examiners-The Commis-

sioner's Speech-Twenty Thousand Applications per annum-Fourteen thousand Pat-

ents Granted in One Year-Wonderful Expansion of Inventive Genius-"The Uni-

versal Yankee "-Second-hand Inventions-Where the Inventions Come From-Taking

Out a Patent for the Lord's Prayer-A Patent for a Cow's Tail-A Lady's Patent-

Hesitating to Accept a Million Dollars-How Patentees are Protected-The American

System-What American Inventors Have Done and What they Have n't-The First

Superintendent-The Present Commissioner-Exploits of General Leggett-His Effi-

ciency in Office-The Inventor Always a Dreamer-Perpetual Motion-The Invention

of a D. D.-His Little Machine-"Original with Me "Silencing the Doctor-A New

Process of Embalming-A Dead Body Sent to the Office- Utilizing Niagara-A Gen-

erous Offer-An Englishman's Invention-Inventors in Paris-How to Kill Lions and

Tigers in the United States with Catmint-A Fearful Bomb Shell-Eccentric Letters-

Amusing Specimens of Correspondence,

THE WAR DEPARTMENT.

The Secretary-of-War-His Duties-The Department of the Navy-Efficiency of the

Army-The Custody of the Flags-Patriotic Trophies-The War of the Rebellion-

Captured Flags-An Ugly Flag and a Strange Motto-" Crown for the Brave"-Sic

Semper Tyrannis-The Stars and Stripes-The Black Flag-No Quarter-The Military

Establishment-The Adjutant-General's Office-The Quartermaster-General's Office-

The Commissary-General's Office-The Paymaster-General-The Surveyor-General-

The Engineer's Office-The Washington Aqueduct-Topographical Engineers-The

Ordnance Bureau-The War Department Building-During the War-Lincoln's Soli-

tary Walk-Secretary Stanton-The Exigencies of War-The Medical History of the

War-Dr. Hammond-Dr. J. H. Baxter-Collecting Physiological Data-The Inspec-

tion of over Half a Million Persons-Who is Unfit for Military Service-Various Na-

tionalities Compared-Curious Calculations Respecting Height, Health and Color-

Healthy Emigrants-Remarkable Statistical Results-The Physical Status of the

THE ARMY MEDICAL MUSEUM-ITS CURIOSITIES AND WONDERS.

Ford's Theatre-Its Interesting Memories-The Last Festivities-Assassination of Presi-

dent Lincoln-Two Years Later-Effects of "War, Disease, and Human Skill "-Col-

lection of Pathological Specimens-The Army Medical Museum Opened-Purchase of

Ford's Theatre-Its Present Aspect-Ghastly Specimens-Medical and Surgical Histo-

ries of the War-The Library-A Book Four Centuries Old-Rare Old Volumes-The

Most Interesting of the National Institutions-Various Opinions-Effects on Visitors-

An Extraordinary Withered Arm-A Dried Sioux Baby!-Its Poor Little Nose-A

Well-dressed Child-Its Buttons and Beads-Casts of Soldier-Martyrs-Making a New

Nose-Vassear's Mounted Craniums-Model Skeletons-A Giant, Seven Feet High-

Skeleton of a Child-All that Remains of Wilkes Booth, the Assassin-Fractures by

Shot and Shell-General Sickles Contributes His Quota-A Case of Skulls-Arrow-

head Wounds-Nine Savage Sabre-Cuts-Seven Bullets in One Head-Phenomenal

Skulls-A Powerful Nose-An Attempted Suicide-A Proverb Corrected-Specimen

from the Paris Catacombs-An "Interesting Case "-Typical Heads of the Human

Race-Remarkable Indian Relics- Flatheads "-The Work of Indian Arrows-An

Extraordinary Story-A "Pet" Curiosity-A Japanese Manikin-Tattooed Heads-

Representatives of Animated Nature-Adventure of Captain John Smith-A "Stin-

garee "The Microscopical Division-Medical Records of the War-Preparing Speci-

CHAPTER XLIV.
CHAPTER

"OLD PROBABILITIES AT HOME-THE WEATHER BUREAU.

"Old Probabilities"-An Interesting Subject-The Weather Bureau-The Experience of

Fifty Centuries-Value of Scientific Knowledge-Meteorological Observations-Briga-

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