Subsequent investigations can add something to this list upon certain evidence; and more upon very strong probabilities. I am not sure that every younger branch of the once-illustrious family of Zouch was extinct in

situate on the southern part of that county, began the structure of a fair manor-house there in 22 Hen. VII."

XXVI. Under Lord Montague of Boughton, he says. "Touching that branch of the antient family of Mountagu, whence those who were long since Earls of Salisbury did spring; and which determined in one sole daughter and heir female, having in the first volume of this work already spoke; I come to Edward Mountagu of Hemington, Co. Northampt. Esq. a descendant of another branch thereof; for so it is generally esteemed to be." This Edward was knighted and made Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench 30 Hen. VIII.

Collms, in his Peerage, following such pedigrees as were drawn subsequent to Sir Edward's elevation, makes him the descendant of Simon, youngest brother to John the third Earl of Salisbury. But there has been no authentic proof offered of such a descent. And there is a curious passage in Thorpe's Custumale Roffense, p. 125, under the account of the church of Ludsdowne in Kent. "In the south-chancel of that church is an altar tomb of Caenstone, or brown marble, on which were the effigies and arms of James (whom Dugdale by mistake calls John) Montacute, natural son of Thomas the fourth and last Earl of Salisbury, to whom his father left the manor of Ludsdowne. The arms are quarterly 1st and 4th 3 lozenges in fess for Montacute; 2d and 3d an eagle displayed for Monthermer; over all, a battoon dexter. The battoon, according to Sir John Ferne, Leigh. and other old writers on heraldry, signifies a fourth part of a bend, and was the most ancient and usual mark of illegitimacy. It is even at this day borne by some of the nobility; though afterwards, from the Marshal's Court not being so strict in heraldic matters, and to palliate this mark, a border was substituted in its stead. My father once acquainted his friend John Anstis, Esq. Garter principal king at arms, who was a most excellent genealogist, at the time he was composing his History of the Order of the Garter, of the said tomb and arms; and that the then Duke of Montague could be descended from no other person of the family but the above James. Mr. Anstis was convinced of it, but said the Duke was his very good friend; therefore it would be improper of him to take notice of it in his work. The family now bear the above arms quarterly within a border."

VOL. VI.

Dugdale's

Dugdale's time.* The Spensers, Montagues, Bruces, Finches, Herberts, Bagots, Herons, Mallets, Sackvilles, Tracys, are also deserving of notice.

But

* XXVII. The Percevals claim to be descended from the great House of Love!: with what truth, I know not.

XXVIII. The royal family of Bruce in Scotland sprung from the baronial family of that name in England, and it seems that the house of Clackmannan, Elgin, &c. in Scotland, are derived from this regal branch, though, according to Crawford's Peerage, antiquaries differ as to the exact mode. Sir Edward Bruce, Earl of Carrick, younger brother of Robert King of Scotland, left only a natural son, on whom the King bestowed the Earldom of Carrick; but this latter also left only a daughter and heir Helen, who married Sir William Cunningham, &c. but died S. P. Yet Crawford says that the family of Clackmannan are branched from the Earls of Carrick. Certain it is, that King David II. made a grant of the castle and barony of Clackmanan, to Robert Bruce, "dilecto consanguineo suo." There seems no sufficient evidence of the existence of John Bruce, a younger uncle of King Robert, from whom Collins deduces the present family.

XXIX. There seems to be a considerable probability that the Finches are descended from the baronial family of Fitzherbert, recorded by Dugdale, who slightly mentions the report that the Herberts, Earls of Pembroke, are also so descended.

XXX. The family of Bagot, now peers, do not come strictly within this line; but Hervei Bagot, a younger brauch of this family, was of sufficient consequence in the reign of Hen. III. to have married the heiress of Robert Lord Stafford, which name his posterity took, and continued that illustrious family, who became afterwards Dukes of Buckingham, &c.

XXXI. The family of Heron of Chipchase in Northumberland, made Baronets in 1562, and but lately extinct, seem to have been an undoubted branch of the family recorded by Dugdale.

XXXII. The Mallets of Enmore in Somersetshire (whose coheiress married John Wilmot, the celebrated Earl of Rochester, in the time of Charles II.) were undoubtedly of the same family with William Mallet, Baron of Eye, Co. Suff. &c. And if Collinson, in his History of Somersetshire, be accurate, (as he appears in this case to be) from hence is derived Sir Charles Warre Mallet, lately resident in India, created a Baronet Feb. 12, 1791, being son of the Rev. Alexander Mallet, Rector of Combe-Flory, and Preby. of Gloucester, who is stated to be the direct descendant of Richard

Malet

But though so few have continued in an unbroken male succession to the present, or even to Dugdale's days, yet many more have, through heirs female, laid the foundation of that greatness which families derived from them enjoy. Thus the accumulated honours and property of the great houses of Albini, Moubray, Fitzalan, Warren, &c. have been derived to the splendid family of Howard. Upon the vast feudal property, and noble family, of the families of Tony and Ros, are founded the ducal family of Manners. Through the Ferrerses and Greys of Groby, the great family of Devereux rose into such importance-and through the Devereuxes the Shirleys-through the Neviles, the Fanes-through the family of Chandos, that of Bridges through the Beauchamps, the Grevilesthrough the Audleys, the Touchets - through the Someries, the Suttons, Dudleys, and Wards-through the St. Johns (or Ports) the Powlets of Hampshirethrough the Despencers, and Neviles, Sir Thomas Stapleton, now a Peer-through the Clintons, Trefusis, now a Peer-through the Cliffords, the Southwellsthrough the Greys of Wilton, Sir Thomas Egerton,

Malet of St. Audries, by Joane daughter of Richard Warre of Hestercombe, grandson of Baldwin Malet of Curry-poole, solicitor to Hen. VIII. 2d son of Thomas Malet of Enmore, 1498. (Coll. Hist. Som. I. 93.)

XXXIII. According to Collins, Jordan de Sauckville, (collateral ancestor to the Dorset family) is mentioned in a charter of Rich. I. in the Cotton Collections, to be a Baron; and his brother Richard the same. They were at any rate a very considerable family at this time, as the Black Book of the Exchequer, and other cotemporary evidences prove. They occur in Or dericus Vitalis, as of consequence in Normandy, before the Conquest.

XXXIV. Tracy of Todington, Co. Glouc. who, it seems satisfactorily proved, were derived from a younger son of Sudeley of Sudeley. They were Lish Viscounts, and are very lately extinct.

now a peer, by creation. And the Stanleys were augmented by the Stranges of Knockyn-while a great proportion of the estates and some of the honours of the powerful family of Percy are inherited by the heir general, the present Duke of Northumberland: and the blood (and sometimes even part of the property) of by much the largest number of these families, whom Dugdale has recorded in his first volume, has descended by the female line among our nobility and most ancient gentry.

1799:

ART. XVII. On the fanciful additions to the new Edition of Wells's Geography of the Old Testament. [CONTINUED FROM P. 65.]

TO THE EDITOR OF CENSURA LITERARIA.

SIR,

After the author of the additions in question had ransacked all nature, both in the heavens above and in the earth beneath, for objects, which might be considered as symbols of Mount Taurus; and even pressed into his service such objects as are not in nature, but the mere inventions of human fancy, such as those compounded and imaginary animals of antiquity, minotaurs, chimæras, and other monsters, he at last found some more pretended symbols of the same existing in the accidental embellishments impressed by some ancient artists on some of their medals; so that every part of the world is made to turn its face toward Mount Bull, and even human legs and feet are found

by

by him to have been employed as symbolic expressions of the three heads of it in those cases where triplicity is implied in them.

The superstitious veneration of the Pythagoreans to the numbers three and seven is very well known, but it has been doubted as to what gave origin to those whimsical attachments; some persons have supposed, that the idolatrous adoration of the seven planets produced the current esteem for the number seven; but what gave rise to that for the number three has never been sufficiently known: our present author, however, has at last discovered the mystery, and finds it to have had a very ancient origin indeed, as having arisen from the account given by Moses of the situation of Paradise, and afterwards confirmed still more from the respect paid by the descendants of Noah to the three heads of Mount Bull.

Read his own words; "Armenia alba is one of the highest regions in the world, for it sends out rivers in contrary directions toward the four cardinal points in the heavens, and contains three mountains. Now I must remind the reader, that in coincidence with this account, Moses in Genesis specifies three provinces, as being adjacent to paradise; for though the number of his rivers be four, his provinces are only three, Ethiopia, Havilah, and Assiria; and we can scarcely doubt, that this number was hence received among the ancients. In proof of this we may refer to the well-known emblem of Caucasus, a lion, a goat, and a serpent. [i. e. a chimæra] three; or the bull, the eagle and man, three; or the lion, eagle, and human head, three; which form the griffin, or the sphinx. "But I think there is yet a more simple proof of this triplicity,

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