194 STATEMENT of the Official Value of the PRODUCE & MANUFACTURES of the UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND, EXPORTED from thence to all parts of the WORLD, in each of the Six Years, 1817- 1822, distinguishing the several Countries to which Exported, and the proportion to each respective Country. COUNTRIES. 6,632,708 5,717,216 4,395,214 4,241,312 4,941,034 4,126,974 2,462,948 2,684,410 1,999,481 2,978,457 3,655,005 3,569,326 1,050 to which EXPORTED. Bri. West Indies East Do. & China Whale Fishery 7 486 9,095,743 8,401,626 6,394,695 7.220,819 8,596,525 | 7,696,300 5,443,889 5,830,948 5,582,158 6,908,477 6,316.998 | 6,497,435 2,499,346 3,395,475 | 3,204,165| 3,157,972 | 2,886,1974,575,470 2,259,668 2,309,473 | 1,630,393 2,519.907 1,524,747 823,987 1,186,996 1,055,478 1,158,129 1,210,454 1,068,316 | 1,216,496 1,657,184 1,370,655 1,523,907 1,808,879 2,595,385 2,650,851 997,282 671,282 921,008 1,534,094 1,581,709 | 2,437,258 Prussia 531,583 547,718 443,054 708,281 362,586 366,283 France 596,753 318,864 248,078 334,067 382,404 346,271. Turkey 503,536 882,136 652,459 787,850 497,343 904,522 Denmark Sweden Norway Malta Ionian Isles. Tal 2nd. Class. U. S. of America For. West Indies Total 3rd. Class 17,898,172 18,370,953 17,226,912 20,899,447 18,961,367 21,912,500 1,517,328 1,282,959 6,640,394 8,578,990 4,375,409 4,020,043 6,619,678 7,312,107 1,611,907 1,283,975 40,914 159,037 85,129 224,764 131,561 130,995 206,071 252,341* 224,053 215,004 258,998 259,389 13,117,688 15,914,814 9,912,567 10,270,936 13,274,817 14,627,734 TOTAL B. & 140,111,427 42,687,392 33,534,176 38,391,202 40,832,711 44,237,533 & Manufactures S Colonial 1 Class 702,442 778,082 674,397 614,779 1,032,842 563,703 & Foreign 2 Do. 8,826,482 9,075,744 8,377,768 8,923,563 8,497,471 7,578,610 Produce 3 Do. 763,800 1,006,033 853,042 1,019,570 1,099,377 1,085,276 Grand Total of As regards the Real Value of the products IMPORTED, (Vide preceding note) on referring to the Statement of the Value assigned to each article Imported, in each of the Ten Years 1814-1823, it will be seen, thut ilk, Cotton-Wool, Sheep & Lamb's Wool, Flax, Hemp, Tallow, Timber Deals, &c. Win ́s, Hides & Skins, and the unenumerated articles, constitute the bulk of the aggregate amount assigned to the articles Imported from all parts except from British Possessions in the West and East Indies, China, and the Fisheries; the Imports from which, as will be shewn hereafter, do not in the slightest degree tend to equalize the excess of Exports to any of the other parts of the World. As a guide to the actual Real Value of the articles specified above, the actual Quantities of each in, tale, weight, and measure, will be found specified in following Statements, and in succeeding Statements there will be found a specification of the Amount of Customs Duty levied on each article Imported, with the rate at which each article is charged with duty, whereby the actual Quantities, and thereby the actual Real Values, may be ascertained. Although the present Money Value of most of the articles enumerated above will be seen in several instances very considerably to exceed the Value assigned to them in the Statement of Official Values of each article Imported in each of the Ten Years 1814-1823, the aggregate Real Value will prove not materially, if at all, to exceed the aggregate of the Official Value as represented in the preceding Statement; that is, in so far as it constitutes an EQUIVALENT against the Real Value of Commodities EXPORTED. 195 STATEMENT of the Declared REAL VALUE of the PRODUCE & MANUFACTURES of the UNITED KINGDOM of Great Britain & Ireland, EXPORTED from thence to all parts of the WORLD, in each of the six Years 1817-1822, distinguishing the several Countries to which Exported, and the proportion to each respective COUNTRY. COUNTRIES 1,888,507 5,433,010 6,176,270 5,646,569 6,110,356 5,282,279 3,137,698 5,234,920 837,678 1,011,393 1,890,130 Gibraltar.. 861,128 674,072 Flanders Turkey Malta Ionian Isles. Denmark Sweden 183,584 145,818 174,879 132,710 145,117 201,435 326,500 355,731 329,670 296,602 324,728 315,052 13,129,077 17,144,395 10,925,967 10,102,496 12,282,128 13,162,491 41,818,828 46,468,535 35,211,401 36,423,963 36,658,217 36,965,093 The above Values are founded on the Declaration of the Shippers at the time of Shipping, but as disregard to correctness involves no serious responsibility or penalty, their accuracy is of course to a certain extent questionable. It will prove however on a thorough investigation of the subject, that the actual state of the Commercial relation of Great Britain, is, in reality worse, than in these Illustrations it is made to appear. The Declaration of Value, was first established at the commencement of the Year 1798, on the pretext of levying a duty to defray the expences of Convoy, consequently as the Valuation was subject to an ad valorem charge that was as long as the Convoy Duty was continued in itself, a sufficient check to an over valuation, from 1798 to 1816, therefore, when the Convoy Duty ceased, the REAL Money or Invoiced VALUE of the Products & Manufactures Exported in the Eighteen Years 1798-1815, somewhat exceeded the Declared Value as represented in the Custom House Returns to Parliament, from which these Illustrations have been compiled; whilst, the inherent disposition of all trading persons to make the utmost appearance in their trading transactions, will justify the inference, of the Declared Value somewhat exceeding the REAL or Invoiced VALUE, since 1816 when the Convoy duty ceased; consequently the DEPRECIATION in Money Value since 1816, may be considered greater than it is represented in the statement of Annual Depreciation of Value since 1798. The Depreciation represented in the next following Statement, it is important to understand does not apply to the STANDARD of VALUE of the Ten Years 1798-1807, but to the Value of 1817 merely, the Year subsequent to the great revulsion arising from the sudden transition of a state of peace after a state of War, unparalleled alike in energy and extent, and when upon every just principle of calculation, it was fair to infer after a depreciation of £25,775,562 Annum, had resulted as a consequence of the system of petty expediency and speculation by which the War had been sustained, something like an equilibrium and reciprocity in the external commercial relations of the several Nations of the World would have been established. 196 Vide note to Statement STATEMENT of the Official Value (which implies Quantity, of Imports) of MERCHANDIZE EXPORTED from the UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND, to all parts of the WORLD in each of the six Years 1817-1822, distinguishing the several Countries to which Exported, and the proportion to each respective Country, shewing also the Total Amount of Imports in each of the said six Years; the excess of Export to EUROPE and AMERICA, over and above the amount of IMPORTS from thence; and a hypothetical Illustration of the ways and means whereby the Commercial party obtain EQUIVALENTS for that Excess, at the Expence of the productive labour, and distress and privation of the Artizans and La bourers of GREAT BRITAIN. Indies & Fishery. 9,798,105 9,179,708 7,069,272 7,834,598 9,629,368 8,260,003 IMPORT from Do. 16,346,739 16,391,000 16,124,508 16,468,863 15,138,490 | 13,488,628 Total N. & South America Africa &c 13,881,393 16,920,144 10,765,407 11,290,507 14,374,193 15,733,009 Imports from Do. 6,221,664 7,243,979 6,131,934 7,465,677 7,735,293 7,643,779 Equalized. BULLION 1,000,000 undue Cot 2,000,000 ado in Gra 1,659,729 2,176,165 Balance £13,881,393 16,920,144 10,765,407 11,299,507 14,374,194 15,733,009 9,038,537 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 824,783 2,500,000 3,500,000 633,473 8,126,980 8,686,145 8,409,624 9,898,154 8,571,365 2,942,917 4,288,961 3,806,349 3,767,622 3,994,819 5,280,575 Russia Holland.. 2,759,456 2,820,813 2,037,267 2,580,563 2,047,089 2,292,040 2,013,324 Portugal Az & Ma. 1,730,968 1,483,501 2,711,899 2,774,608 1,322,726 911,915 1,124,618 1,781,074 Spain & Canaries 522,342 Flanders 1,771,528 1,542,331 1,925,940 1,844,821 Prussia 1,078,355 1,064,743 1,196,777 599,228 1,061,811 Malta 13,220 297,80 184,532 131,544 Norway 78,155 142,700 99,367 99,704 Imports from Do. Total EUROPE. 26,724,614 27,446,697 25,604,680 29,823,009 27,458,838 8,265,694 13,250,220 8,480,367 8,536,405 | 7,963,936 29,491,111 9,398,257 Excess of EXPORT Equalizd as follows 18,458,920 14,196,477 17,124.313 21,286,604 19,494,902 20,092,854 viz. Governt. Bills 1,500,000 1,500,000 1,500,000 1,500,000 1,500,000 Absentee Do. 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 2 000,000 2,000,000 3,400,000 Foreign Stock D. Undue advance in 5,000,000 5,000,000 Grain, Tallow, Flax Depreciation in Va. 1,586,830 3,865,797 4,924,337 4,958,920 2,696,477 9,037,483 8,920,807 4,670,565 1,500,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 7,766,138 826,716 National Loss 18,458,920 14,196,477 17,124,313 21,286,604| 19,494,902 | 20,092,854 STATEMENT of the TOTAL Official Value of MERCHANDIZE EXPORTED from and IMPORTED into all the Ports of the United Kingdom of GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND, during the Six Years 1817 — 1822, distinguishing the proportion of Value to and from the several Countries of the WORLD; shewing also the Excess of Value EXPORTED over and above the Value IMPORTED, from each respective COUNTRY Total to all Foreign Parts 115,269,351 51,228,833 166,498,184 55,895,900 110,602,284 18,000,000 which incur a National Loss 192,387,393 | 57,055,728 $249,443,121 | 98,336,841 151,106,280 **In addition to the returns received from the Brazils &c. directly home, very considerable Shipments of produce to Europe are made on british account, which may make the transactions with that Divisi on somewhat less unfavorable; but the aggregate result is made worse rather than better, in as much es it adds to the excess to EUROPE and thereby renders the LOSS more aggravating by its inequality. HYPOTHETICAL ILLUSTRATION of the way in which the EXCESS of EXPORT represented in the preceding Statement is EQUALIZED to the Commercial party, whilst it resolves itself into NATIONAL LOSS, to the Amount in six Years of£ 151,106,280 BILLS drawn on Account of Government, on the Treasury, Paymaster of the Forces, Commissioners of the Navy, Army, Navy and Colonial Agents BULLION from South America, West Indies, and the United States of America.10,824,783 Undue advance in COTTON and COFFEE, in the Years 1817-1818 Do. Do. GRAIN and FLOUR, from the U. S. of America. in Do. 3,832,884 DEPRECIATION in the Value of the Products of British Industry and LABOUR subsequent to 1818, from the Value in the Year 1817, which was at a Depreciation of £ 25,775,562 Compared with the average Value of the Ten BALANCE of American &c. Division [Years 1798- -1807. £ 40,503,996 BILLS drawn on Account of Government, at Gibraltar, Malta, Ionian Isles &c. 9,000,000 Do. on Account of ABSENTEE and TRAVELLING EXPENDITURE. 30,000,000 Do. Do. FOREIGN LOANS!!! Undue advance in GRAIN, TALLOW, FLAX, SILK,&c. in the Vrs. 1817-18 DEPRECIATION in the Value of Products exported to EUROPE since 1818, Vide- Depreciation above, and its progression in preceding and DEFALCATIONS, Bankruptcy, Insolvency, Compromise, following Sta. BALANCE European Division 4 £ 110,602,284, 4,500,000 3,316,329 12,400,000 10,000,000 18,143,102 31,050,180 TOTAL £151,106 an TABLE (P) showing the INCREASED QUANTITY of BRITISH PRODUCE MANUFACTURES EXPORTED in each year since 1797, and their Depreciation ir. Value since 1807, at the Expense of the Artizan and Labourer, in the Reduction of their Wages without any corresponding Equivalent; and the stationary Quantity of Imports as a consequence of the bulk of the People being precluded from consuming them. It deserves to be noticed, in reference 6. d. 11 15 0 17,240,420 14 0 17,281,288 14 0 16,754,768 14 0 20,796,565 16 0 16,971,996 0 18,672,599 1798 19,672,505 33,148,682 1799 24,084,213 38,942,498 1800 24,304,284 39,471,203 1801 25,719,980) 41,770,354 180227,012,103 48,500,683 1805 22,252,102 40,100,870 1804 23,934,292 40,349,642 1805 25,003,308 41,068,942 1806 27,403,653 43,242,176 1807 25,190,762 40,479,865 1808 26,692,288 40,881,671 44,977,204 1809 35,107,439 50,242,761 59,156,950 1810 34,940,550 49,975,634 || 58,875,740| 1811 24,109,931 34,917,281|40,625,864| 1812 31,243,362 43,657,864 52,645,882| 1813 32,000,000 43,000,000 54,000,000 11,000,000 1814 33,200,580 43,447,372 55,943,845 12,496,473 181541,712,002 49,653,245 70,285,814 20,632,569 11,879,527 1816 34,774,520 40,328,940 58,595,975 18,267,035 10,544,239 4 012,933,255 1817 39,235,397 40,337,118 66,112,670 25,775,562 14,995,397 4 0 10,647,049 1818 41,963,527 45,188,250 70,709,640 25,521,391 14,813,527 6 24,983,998 1819 32,923,575 34,248,495 55,477,084 21,228,600 12,346,524 4 019,775,664 1820 37,818,036 35,568,670 63,724,380 28,155,710 16,447,826 4 6 20,992,765 1821 40,194,893 35,876,082 67,729,446 81,903,364 18,669,993 5 019,122,084 182243,558,490 36,176,897 72,500,192 36,323,295 21,822,724 Aggregate depreciation in the 15 years, 1808-22, on comparison of average vaIne of previous 10 years, 1798-1807 4,095,533 2,105,352 Do. do. compared with the years 1802-3 326,808,387 182,825,944| 4 0 1823-4 It will be seen, on mature reflection, that this Statement does not apply to the general question of excess of export over and above the amount of import, but shows in itself an excess of quantity exported as a consequence of a depreciation in value effected at the expense of the operative artizan, by a reduction in the rate of his wages. It is true that, as value and price are mere relative terms, having no signifiration or definite meaning in themselves when applied to the affairs of nations, had the quantity of imports increased in a corresponding degree to the increased quantity of British produce and manufactures exported, the difference in value would then have been of no importance; but it will be seen, by col. No. 7, that if due allowance be made for the increased quantity of raw material of manufactures, which has been re-exported under the head of British produce and manufactures, instead of under the head of colonial and foreign produce, that the quantity of colonial and foreign productions imported and retained for home consumption, in the four last years 1819-22, has actually been less than it was in the four years 1798-1801, thereby demonstrating a sacrifice or waste of the productions of the British artizan and labourer (and at their exclusive expense,) of no less an amount of value in the fifteen years 1808-1822 than £257,259,242. in comparison with the average value of the produce of their labour during the ten years 1798-1807, and of £328,808,387. if compared with the value of the produce of their labour in the years 1802-3; and, was the comparison to be made against the value of the produce of their labour during the fourteen years 1784-97, the sacrifice or waste would prove to be not less than 440 to £460,000,000; but, as there was no authentic return of the real value of British produce and manufactures exported prior to 1798, when a duty was levied under the pretext of defraying the expenses of convoy, the case is submitted to rest on the results which the authenticity of the documents that have annually been laid before Parliament, since the period of 1798, alone exhibit, Owing to an inadvertence in the compilation of the above Statement, the Amounts previous to 1813 are inclusive, and subsequent thereto, exclusive of the intercourse with IRELAND; the difference, however, although it affects in some degree the details, it does not affect the general conclusion beyond what is exemplified in the note relating to the intercourse with Ireland. |