"Pliny places Aquilo inter septentrionem et exortum solstitialem' (N. H. ii. 47.), Euro-aquilo will be still more eastward, or East-north-east. The Eth. version paraphrases ventus Aquilonarius, a N. E. wind. Evpokλvdwv of the jun. Greek texts, as also Ευρυκλυδων, Ευτρακηλων Copt., Ευρακλυδων Syra post., Ευρακυκλων Arm., Ευρακηλων Sahid., will all, therefore, have been transcriptural errata. Dr. Bloomfield thinks it clear, that both external and internal evidence unite in requiring the common reading, Eupokλudwv, to be retained, and that it was sometimes used as an adjective, as appears from the adjective ɛpuλudwr, which is used by a later Greek writer ap. Steph. Thes. We are much obliged to the learned annotator for drawing our attention to this solitary word, which might otherwise have remained for ever unnoticed. This word is employed in a metrical chronicle of one of the

Byzantine historians, Constantine Manasses, who lived in the middle of the twelfth century.

Ο Καισαρ γαρ εφύσησε, βοῤῥας ὡς βαρυβοας,

ὡς ερικλύδων αγριος, ώς δυσπνους απαρκτίας.—p. 104.

Which lines are thus interpreted by Leunclavius: Cæsar autem adflabat, tanquam graviter spirans Aquilo, vel sævus ille tempestatesque ciens Subsolanus.

"Leunclavius has certainly assumed ɛpikλvdwv here to be an adjective, but a little closer inspection will reveal to us that the poet used it, not as an adjective, but as a substantive, as the proper name of one of three north and east winds, which he specifies, and, in fact, the very wind mentioned by St. Luke which, in the junior or Constantinopolitan copies of the Scriptures best known to the poet, had been changed to ευροκλύδων, and in the printed copy of this poem to ερικλυδων.

For Cæsar raged like the deep-roaring Boreas;

'Like the fierce Ericlydon; and like the hard-blowing Aparctias.'

"But we have specially to consider that St. Luke heard the name of the wind on board an Alexandrian ship, that the two oldest documents which record the name are Alexandrian, and that both record the name Evpakvλwv, Euraquilo ; and farther, that the technical language of the conquering nation was extensively adopted in the countries enclosing the Mediterranean, particularly in those maritime cities that were in most frequent and active intercourse with Rome, as was eminently Alexandria. The whole context is wanting in the Cod. Ephr. from c. xxvi. 20. to xxvii. 16., and in the Cod. Beza from c. xxii. to the end of the book."

No. VI.

REMARKS ON THE MELITA OF ACTS, XXVIII.

(From BOCHART'S "Chanaan," lib. i. cap. xxvi.)

"SED altera hic sese offert majoris momenti quæstio ad utram, appulerat Paulus. Sunt enim quibus videtur de Illyrica egisse Lucas. In his Constantinus Porphyrogenneta, a quo ponitur in censu insularum Illyrici littoris: Νησος ἑτερα μεγαλη τα Μελετα, ητοι το Μαλοξεαται, ἣν εν ταις Πραξεσι των Αποστολων ὁ άγιος Λουκας μεμνηται, Μελιτην ταυτην προσαγορεύων. Alia magna insula quæ Meleta ceu Malozeatæ vocatur, cujus in Actis Apostolorum meminit Sanctus Lucas, Melitam eam nomi

nans.

"Cui sententiæ favere volunt:-1. Quod in Adria jactatur Paulus antequam in Meliten appellat (Actor. 27. 27.), unde colligunt agi de insula sinus Adriatici. 2. Quod barbaros habuit incolas (Actor. 28. 2. 4.), cum Africanam Meliten Græci pridem incoluerant. 3. Quod in insula Melite nullius oppidi meminit Lucas, cum Africana urbem habuerit insulæ cognominem quæ superstes hodieque est.

"Sed hæ objectiunculæ tanti non sunt, ut quemquam dimovere debeant a vulgari sententia quam firmissimæ rationes adstruunt. Primo, enim (Actor. 27. 13. 14.), circa Cretam quum navigaret Paulus, excitatur ανεμος τυφωνικος ὁ καλούμενος Ευροκλύδων, -ventus turbulentus quæ vocatur Euroclydon, vel, ut legit Vulgatus Interpres, Eupo-arvλwv, Euro-aquilo, quem lectionem si sequaris, res est confecta ; neque enim Euro-aquilo, potuit navem in Illyricam impellere. Præstitisset id Euronotus, non subcontrarius Euro-aquilo, ut docet situs locorum. Sed quocunque modo legas, ventum illum Euroclydonem in Austrum inclinasse potius quam in Septentrionem inde palam est, quod illo flante nautæ metuunt ne in Africa Syrtim incidant. (Actor.

27. 17.) Nihil tale formidaturi si ventus navem Illyricam impulisset, quæ ora est Syrti et Africæ obversa.

2. Aetor. 27. 41. : Πριπεσοντες εις τοπον διθαλασσον επωκειλαν την ναυν, cum incidissent in locum bimarem illæserunt navem. In locum bimarem, id est in isthmum.

lib. i.:

'Aut Ephesum bimarisve Corinthi Moenia,'

Ovid. eleg. 12. lib. i. Trist.:

Horat. Od. 7.

'Aut postquam bimarem cursu superavimus Isthmum.'

Hic Isthmus ad insula ortum æstivum hodieque ostenditur, et vocatur ab incolis, La Cala di S. Paolo, S. Pauli adpulsus.

"3. Actor. 28. 7.: Circa locum illum erant xwρiα тw πрWTW του νήσου ονοματι Ποπλιῳ, prædia primo insula nomine Publio. Eum intelligo quem insulæ Romani præfecerant. Nam hujus insulæ præfectos ita nominari solitos et ex hoc loco colligere est, et ex veteri epitaphio quod in marmore Græcis literis se Melitæ vidisse refert Quintinus: Λ. ΚΑ . ΥΙΟΣ . ΚΥΡ . ΙΠΠΕΥΣ . ΡΩΜΑΙΩΝ. ΠΡΩΤΟΣ. ΜΕΛΙΤΑΙΩΝ. L. Ca. filius Cyr. eques Romanorum, PRIMUS Melitensium. Nempe idem antea nominis fuerat præfectis Carthaginiensibus, qui Punica phrasi dicebantur ', primi. Sic Dan. 10. 13. Michael est unus principum, D, primorum. Proinde, caput, dux, princeps, et 1, primus, sunt conjugata. Atque hoc ipso loco pro primo Syrus habet et Arabs D, caput. Eodem fecit quod Arabice, ut primus, ita s est præficere, sed et provinciam regere, quasi πρwτɛvεiv dicas.

"4. Tres menses continuos in illa insula hæsit Paulus cum centurione et aliis (Act. 28. 11.), qui numerus hominum fuit cclxxvi (Act. 27. 37.). Quod vix quisquam crediderit de Illyrica Melite; quia cum nonnisi quatuor passuum millibus a continenti distet, et Epidaurum in conspectu habeat, portum celeberrimum et hospitibus commodissimum, centurio Romanus maluisset eo trajicere, quam totam hyemem in misera insula

degere, in qua tam multas advenas sine gravibus incommodis diversari fuisset nefas.

"5. Jam quod iidem dicuntur Puteolos vecti fuisse in Alexandrina nave quæ in eadem insula hyemaverat (Act. 28. 11.), quis de Illyrica Melita intellexerit? Cum ab Ægypto Puteolos contendentibus, Africana Melite pene invitis sese offerat. At quisquis Alexandria Puteolos iturus Illyricam Melitem petit merito dici queat, sin minus toto cœlo, saltem toto salo, aber

rasse.

"6. Hoc potissimum quod Lucas e Melite profectos addit primo Syracusas deinde Rhegium appulisse (Act. 28. 12, 13.); quæ via, quam est recta si profectio fuit ex Africana Melita, tam flexuosa fuerit et præpostera, si ex Illyrica discesserunt, e qua potius per Rhegium, quia Rhegium est vicinius.

"7. Jam si authoritate certatur Constantino Porphyrogenneta, longe antiquior est Arator Sub-Diaconus, qui sic habet, lib. ii. Historia Apostolicæ :—

'Sicanio lateri remis vicina Melite.'

"Nec difficile est solvere quicquid contra objiciunt. Nam in Adria quidem jactari dicitur navis appulsura Melitem (Act. 27. 27.); non tamen in Adriatico sinu, quo multo latius patet Adria, seu quod Idem est Adriaticum Mare. Sinus enim. Adriaticus cum Illyrico desinit. At Mare Adriaticum idem est cum Ionio: Hesychius Ιονιον πελαγος ὁ νυν Αδριας, Ionium Mare quod nunc Adria. Juvenalis, vetus scholiastesDiu navigaturus de Tyrrheno mari ad Adriacum; Adriacum pro Ionio dixit. Ita cum Juvenalis :

'Tyrrhenos igitur fluctus, lateque sonantem

Pertulit Ionium.'

"Hinc Ptolomæus Siciliam ab ortu, Epirum et Achaiam a meridie, et Peloponnesum adeoque Cretam ab occasu definit Adriatico pelago. Et in Ovidio non semel Adriam ab Ægæo dividit Isthmus Corinthiacus. Sic lib. iv. Fastorum:

'Adriacumque patens late bimaremque Corinthum.'