RAM

dresses, 238; talks of impeaching
Cromwell, 252; presents the Agree-
ment of the People to Fairfax, 253;
comes to terms with Cromwell, 279;
the Commons vote for his appointment
as vice-admiral, 280; expelled from the
fleet, 384; appointed to witness the
execution of Lucas and Lisle, 459;
murdered, 493

Ramsay, Sir John, guards Kingston
Bridge, i. 68

Reade, John, Colonel, tortured, i. 130;
escapes to Oxford, 316

Reading, garrisoned by the king, i. 73,

76; besieged by Essex, 149; sur-
renders, 151; reached by Essex after
the first battle of Newbury, 257; oc-
cupied by Astley, 279; offer of the
City trained bands to retake, 285; oc-
cupied by Essex and Waller, 407;
junction of Manchester and Essex at,
498; Fairfax's head-quarters removed
to, iii. 133

Recruiters, the, election of, ii. 449
Reformadoes, the, make a demonstration
against the House of Commons, iii. 96;
beset the House of Commons, 106; de-
mands of the army for the disband-
ment of, 131, 152; remain in the City,
154; talk of plundering the City, 174
Reformation, the English, two elements
in, iii. 10

Reigate, Holland's raid upon, iii. 410
Remonstrance of the Army, The, Ireton's
draft of, iii. 494; addition to, 501, 502;
accepted by the Council of Officers
and presented to the House of Com-
mons, 508; the Commons adjourn the
debate on, 529
Rents, fall of, iii. 5

Republican party, the, Marten and Rains-

borough the leaders of, iii. 200
Respryn Bridge, seized by Grenvile, i.
463

Revenue, the, estimate of, iii. 2

Reynolds, Edward, Dr., appointed vice-
chancellor of the University of Oxford,

iii. 304

Reynolds, Robert, sent to Dublin by the
English House of Commons, i. 137;
leaves Dublin, 141

Rich, Nathanael, Colonel, asks Man-
chester if the army is to winter at
Newbury, i. 494; argues that manhood
suffrage will lead to tyranny, iii. 226;
occupies the Mews, 291; secures South-
wark against the Kentish insurgents,
383; relieves Dover Castle, 394;
blockades the castles in the Downs,
395; defeats a force landed from the
prince's fleet, 450; dissents from the
Army Remonstrance, 508
Richelieu, Cardinal, death of, i. 83
Richmond (1641) and Lennox, Duke of,

1624 (James Stuart), sent with pro-
posals of peace to Westminster, ii. 24;

ROL

sent back to Oxford, 40; shows Charles
Rupert's letter urging him to make
peace, 257; does not accompany Charles
when he leaves Oxford, 276; allowed
to visit the king, iii. 125; visits the
king at Hatfield, 131; attends a council
at Hampton Court, 206; waits on
Charles before his removal from New-
port, 523

Richmond, Lambert falls back on, iii.
433

Rigby, Alexander, besieges Lathom
House, i. 427; absents himself from
Lilburne's committees on the Agree-
ment of the People, iii. 535

Riley, Theophilus, joins in a plot for
winning the City for the king, i. 316
Rinuccini, Giovanni Battista (Archbishop
of Fermo), his mission to Ireland, ii.
376; quarrels with Henrietta Maria,
but obtains money and ships from
Mazarin, 377; arrives in Ireland, 405;
character and position of, ib.; pro-
tests against the action of the Supreme
Council, 406; obtains a second secret
treaty from Glamorgan, 407; receives
Sir K. Digby's articles, 417; urges the
confederate Catholics to accept Sir
K. Digby's articles, 418; enters into
an agreement with Glamorgan and the
Supreme Council, 420; distrusts the
Supreme Council and the king, 423
goes to Limerick, 534; consents un-
willingly to give money to Clanricarde,
535; orders a Te Deum for the victory
at Benburb, 537; is on friendly terms
with the Spanish agent, 539; condemns
Ormond's peace, 540; arrests the
leaders of the Supreme Council, 543;
chosen president of a new Supreme
Council, 544; liberates the imprisoned
members of the Supreme Council,
iii. 346; obtains from the Supreme
Council a condemnation of the peace
with Ormond, 347; difficulties in the
way of, ib.; proposes the appointment
of a protector of Ireland, 354; excom-
municates those who accept the cessa-
tion with Inchiquin, 414
Rivers, Lady, seizure of the property of,
i. 14

Robartes, Lord, 1634 (John Robartes),

entices Essex into the West, i. 416;
induces Essex to enter Cornwall, 458;
accompanies Essex in his flight, 468;
gives up his opposition to the vote of
No Addresses, iii. 290

Rochester, meeting of the Kentish in-
surgents at, iii. 382; Fairfax's recon-
naissance of, 387; abandoned by Nor-
wich, 390

Rocroy, battle of, i. 318

Roe, Sir Thomas, complains that neu-
trality is not allowed, i. 45; despairs
of peace, 118

Rollock, William, Captain, sent to Scot-

ROL

land by Montrose, ii. 80; accompanies
Montrose to the Highlands, 81; his
conduct in the battle of Aberdeen, 96;
asked to murder Montrose, 97; see
Rollock, Sir William

Rollock, Sir William, execution of, ii. 384
Rolph, Edmund, Major, charged with an
intent to murder Charles, iii. 380,
n. I; appointed one of those in
charge of the Isle of Wight in Ham-
mond's absence, 520; declares his
readiness to allow Charles's removal
to Hurst Castle, 522; questioned as to
a design to carry off Charles, 523; tries
to enter Charles's coach, 525
Roscommon, taken by Preston, ii. 538
Ross (in Ireland), Ormond's victory at,
i. 141

Ross, taken by Waller, i. 121
Rossiter, Colonel, joins Cromwell at

Naseby, ii. 211; prepares to cut off
Charles's retreat, 356; asked by
Parliament to take charge of the king,
iii. 121; ordered by Fairfax to come
to head-quarters, 129

Rotherham, occupied by Newcastle, i.
163
Roundway Down, Waller posts, himself

on, i. 202; Waller's defeat on, 203
Rousseau's Social Contract, analogy
between The Case of the Army and,

iii. 215

Rowton Heath, battle of, ii. 323
Roxburgh, Earl of, 1600 (Robert Ker),

plays a double game with Montrose,
ii. 334

Royal army, the, increase of, i. 22; supe-
rior organisation of, 157
Royalists, the, principles of, i. 3; the
moderate, 7; an easy victory expected
by, 18; union between the clergy and
laity amongst, iii. 11; lenient dealing
of The Heads of the Proposals with,
162

Rubens, destruction of a picture by, i.
118

Rudyerd, Sir Benjamin, liberated after

Pride's Purge, iii. 539

Rupert, Prince, character of, i. 2; made
general of the King's Horse, 3; nick-
named 'Prince Robber,' 18; demands
money from Leicester, 19; defeats the
parliamentarians at Powick Bridge,
35; suggests to Charles the position
on Edgehill, 48; Charles's confidence
in, 49; reproved by Falkland, 50; his
conduct at Edgehill, 52; his plunder-
ings, 63; ordered to attack Brentford,
65; drives the parliamentary troops
out of Brentford, 66; fails to take
Bristol, 114; sacks Birmingham,
124; retakes Lichfield, 125; attempts
to relieve Reading, 150; rides out of
Oxford, 176; fights on Chalgrove
Field, 177; meets the queen, 193;
takes Bristol, 210; opposes the civi-

RUP

667

lians at court, 230; quarrels with
Hertford, ib.; supports the deserting
earls, 236; fails to check Essex's march
to Gloucester, 240; his conduct at the
first battle of Newbury, 250; plunders
Northamptonshire and Bedfordshire,
285; created Duke of Cumberland,
352; marches to the North, 372; re-
lieves Newark, 373; recalled to Oxford,
375; his recall countermanded, ib.;
summoned to escort the queen, 388;
pleads with the king to be allowed to
relieve York, 405; advises the king on
the campaign of 1644, 406; leaves
Shrewsbury, 427; plunders Stockport,
storms Bolton, and raises the siege of
Lathom House, 429; enters Wigan,
and takes Liverpool, 430; receives
orders which he interprets as a com-
mand to fight, 434; breaks up the
siege of York, 436; insists on fighting
a battle, 438; asks whether Cromwell
is opposed to him, 441; has an alterca-
tion with Eythin, ib.; his conduct at
Marston Moor, 442; leaves York with
his cavalry, 448; moves into Lanca-
shire, 452; Charles thinks of giving
the chief command to, 462; makes
active preparations at Chester, 477;
has an interview with Charles at South
Perrot, and returns to Bristol, 491;
joins the king at Oxford, and is de-
clared general, 511; his want of tem-
per, 521; his name on the parliamen-
tary list of proscription, ii. 23; asked
by Montrose for help, 80; hangs
prisoners in retaliation, 132; relieves
Beeston Castle, 139; disperses the
Herefordshire countrymen, 140; gives
counsel to the Prince of Wales, 154;
recruits his army, 155; urges Charles
to join him in a march to the North,
161; is obliged to convoy horses to
Oxford, ib.; enters Oxford, 163; urges
Charles to march to the North, 166;
takes Leicester, 194; urges the king to
march to the North, 201; over-confi-
dence of, 203; seeks the enemy at
Naseby, 208; orders the advance of the
royal army, 209; his successful charge,
212; returns too late, 215; confers with
Charles at Blackrock, 245; urges
Charles to make peace, 257; referred
to as desirous of peace, 276; difficulties
of his position in Bristol, 288; asks
leave to send to the king, 290; sur-
renders Bristol, 291; ordered to leave
England, 292; received by Willis at
Newark, 356; cleared of cowardice, ib.;
insubordinate conduct of, 357; leaves
the king, and asks Parliament for per-
mission to quit the country, 359; re-
turns to the king at Oxford, 383; agrees
not to accompany the Prince of Wales
to Scotland, iii. 450; placed in com-
mand of the fleet, 505

RUT

Ruthven (Governor of Plymouth), de-
feated at Bradock Down, i. 99
Rutland, Earl of, 1641 (John Manners),
appointed commissioner to Scotland,
i. 209

SABRAN, M. DE (French ambassador), ne-
gotiates with Charles, i. 492; has a
conference with the Scottish commis-
sioners, ii. 67

Saffron Walden, meeting of officers at,
iii. 37; parliamentary commissioners
sent to the army at, 47; condition of
the soldiers at, 61; meeting of officers
to receive the military commissioners
at, 63

St. Albans, fortified by Essex, i. 286;
Essex stationed at, 293; head-quarters
of Fairfax removed to, iii. 115; meet-
ing of Agitators at, 363; head-quarters
removed to, after the surrender of
Colchester, 473; meeting of a council
of officers at, 498

St. Blazey, seized by Goring, i. 466
St. Fagans, Horton's victory at, iii. 373
St. John, Oliver (Solicitor-General),

joins in proposing the appointment of
the Committee of Both Kingdoms, i. 358;
becomes a member of the Committee
of Both Kingdoms, 360; one of the
leaders of the war party, 385; possibly
thinks of placing the Elector Palatine
on the throne, 480; takes little part in
the discussions at Uxbridge, ii. 66;
opposes Marten's motion for a vote of
No Addresses, iii. 201; joins Cromwell
in an attempt to substitute the Prince
of Wales for his father, 294

St. Margaret's, destruction of monuments
in, i. 154; a disturbed congregation at,
171

St. Mary's, Aldermanbury, closed against
Burton, ii. 371

St. Michael's Mount, imprisonment of
Grenvile at, ii. 431; surrender of, 466
St. Neots, Holland captured at, iii. 412
Salcombe, surrender of, ii. 466
Salisbury, Earl of, 1612 (William Cecil),
supports Pym's secret negotiation with
the queen, 155; visits Fairfax, 555
Salisbury, occupied by Waller, i. 388;
Goring's ravages round, ii. 137
Saltash, taken by Hopton, i. 99
Saltmarsh, John, attacks the royal family,
i. 238

Sandal Castle, reduction of, ii. 360
Sanderson, Robert, draws up The Judg
ment of the University of Oxford, iii.
140; expelled from the university,
305
Sandown Castle, won by the royalists,
iii. 384; blockaded by Rich, 394, 395;
surrenders, 468

Sandwich, the Prince of Wales imperso-
nated at, iii. 382

SCO

Savile, Sir William, driven back at
Halifax, i. 10I

Savile, Viscount, 1628 (Thomas Savile),
arrested on suspicion of a plot against
the queen, i. 110; his house stormed
by Newcastle, 189; advises that the
deserting earls should be well received,
236; arrest of, ii. 58; goes to West-
minster, 135; intrigues with the Inde-
pendent leaders, 170; brings charges
against Holles, and is sent to the
Tower, 309

Say and Sele, Viscount, 1624 (William
Fiennes), arrives at Oxford, i. 33; stops
the sending of plate to the king, 34;
his house plundered, 64; supports
Pym's secret negotiation with the
queen, 155; moves for a Committee of
Both Kingdoms, 358; his probable
motives for supporting the sending of
Fairfax against Oxford, ii. 171; sup-
ports Lady Verney's petition, iii. 317;
said to have been offered the Lord
Treasurer's office, 532

Scarampi, Pieto Francesco, attaches
himself to the Irish nationalists, i. 260;
distrusts Glamorgan, ii. 402
Scarborough, Sir H.Cholmley's surrender
of, i. 122; Meldrum takes the town of,
ii. 132; Meldrum killed at, 172; sur-
render of the castle of, 253; carried
over to the king by Boynton, iii. 426
Scilly Isles, the Prince of Wales at, ii.
438; declaration for the king by the
garrison of, iii. 484

Scotland, its intervention asked for, i.
63; the Commons ask for volunteers
from, 89; Pym persuades the Commons
to vote for sending a committee to,
154, 155; discovery of Montrose's plan
for an Irish invasion of, 206; English
commissioners sent to, 209; parties in,
264; causes of the influence of the
Presbyterian clergy in, 265; witches
burnt in, 266; arrival of English com-
missioners in, 268; negotiations for a
covenant with England in, 269; accept-
ance of the solemn league and cove-
nant by, 272; character of the covenant-
ing armies of, ii. 87; the parties of
Hamilton and Argyle in, 522; Charles
not allowed to take refuge in, 570; New
Model Army placed under David
Leslie in, iii. 68; proposal to remove
Charles to, 78; the Prince of Wales
invited to, 98; success of David
Leslie in, 123; Charles hopes for help
from, 192; growing strength of the
Hamilton party in, 193; English com-
missioners appointed to preserve peace
with, 293; parties in, 328; resolution
to raise an army in, 360; manifesto
published in defence of the invasion of
England by, 421; presence, in Hamil-
ton's army, of the greater part of the
nobility of, 447; Whiggamore raid in,

SCO

488; victory of Argyle's party in, 491;
Cromwell's visit to, ib.; fresh elections
in, 514

Scotland, Committee of Dangers in, re-
ports to Parliament, iii. 332
Scotland, Committee of Estates of, ap-
pointed by the convention of estates,
i. 272; sends to urge Charles to give
way about religion, ii. 522; sends com-
missioners to England to come to terms
with the king, iii. 69; sends Lanark
and Loudoun to England, and instructs
its commissioners to favour Charles,
193; stirred up by Lauderdale against
the English Parliament, 328; obtains
supreme powers from Parliament, 404;
asks Hamilton's English officers to sign
the covenant, 406; forbids Englishmen
who had served with Hamilton to enter
Scotland, 487; takes refuge in Stirling,
488; resigns the government to the
Whiggamores, 489; reconstituted out
of the Whiggamore party, 491; orders
fresh elections to Parliament, 514
Scotland, Committee of Estates with the
army of, urge the English Parliament
to settle the church, ii. 12
Scotland, Convention of Estates of, sum-
moned, i. 205; meets, 208
Scotland, the General Assembly of the
Church of, suggests unity of religion
between the two kingdoms, i. 22; pro-
tests against sheltering the king in
Scotland, ii. 569; the Hamilton party
supported by the lay elders in, iii. 331;
issues a manifesto against war with the
English Parliament, ib.; condemns
Hamilton, 417

Scotland, the Parliament of, levies a
new army against Montrose, and
refuses to accept Baillie's resignation,
ii. 262; transferred to Perth, 263;
meets at St. Andrews, 390; sentences
Montrose's followers to death, 391;
meeting of, 567; votes for the king's
going to London, 568; refuses to
admit Charles into Scotland unless he
accepts the Newcastle propositions,
570; majority of the Hamilton party
in a newly elected, iii. 329; votes that
the treaty between the two kingdoms
has been broken, and makes demands

on

the English Parliament, 356;
appoints colonels for regiments to be
raised, 357; peremptory summons
from, 370; adjourns, 404; fresh elec-
tions to, 514; declares against the
king's trial, 578

Scott, Thomas, Major, sent to West-

minster from Corkbush Field, iii. 254
Scott, Thomas, protests against renewing
the negotiation with the king, iii. 378;
absents himself from Lilburne's com-
mittee on the Agreement of the People,
Scottish army in England, under the

SCO

669

282;

Earl of Leven, a loan for the support
of, i. 127; English commissioners to
accompany, ib.; crosses the Tweed,
345; drives back Newcastle, 374;
follows Newcastle's retreat, 396; pre-
pares to besiege York, 397; takes part
in the battle of Marston Moor, 440;
besieges Newcastle, 452; takes New-
castle, 499; invited to move south-
wards, ii. 21; Cromwell supports the
advance of, 65; marches by way of
Westmoreland, 172; left unpaid and
unsupplied, 188; moves southwards,
221; marches towards Hereford, 230;
besieges Hereford, 254; dissatisfaction
of the English Parliament with, 255;
overtures to the king from lords in,
ib.; plunders Herefordshire,
abandons the siege of Hereford, 283;
quartered on the Tees, 351; invited to
besiege Newark, 363; suggestion that
Charles shall take refuge in, ib.; com-
plaints in the House of Commons of,
364; besieges Newark, 374; the king
proposes to go to, 383; negotiation for
the neutrality of, 412; Charles offers
to go to, 459; Charles takes refuge in,
477; treatment of Charles after his
arrival in, 478; surrender of Newark to,
479; retreats to Newcastle, 480; pro-
posal to withdraw, 518; money voted
for the payment of, 519; makes itself
unpopular in the North, 562; arrange-
ments for the departure of, 568; offers
made to Charles by the officers of, 575;
leaves Newcastle, 577; recrosses the
Tweed, 578

Scottish army in Ulster, distress of, i.
391

Scottish army under the Duke of Hamil-
ton, the, appointment of commanders
for, iii. 380; delay in raising men for,
381; suppression of resistance to the
levies for, 405; discussion on the
movements of, 406; deficiencies of, 416;
want of discipline in, 418; reduces
Appleby Castle, and advances to
Kendal, 433; advances to Hornby,
435; dispersion of, 439; abandons
Langdale at Preston, 440; retreats
after the battle of Preston, 443;
capitulation of the infantry of, 445;
capitulation of the cavalry of, 447;
treatment of the prisoners of, 448,
492

Scottish commissioners in England, the,
their offer to mediate between the
king and the Parliament, rejected by
Charles, i. 145; arrival of, in 1643,
275; to be sent to treat on matters
arising out of the league between
the kingdoms, 357; withdraw a sug-
gestion that the king may be de-
throned, 385; discover Cromwell's pro-
posal to make war on the Scots, ii.
23; take part in a conference on