for as before remarked', this apartment, by its peculiar plan and construction, seems to have been intended expressly for the Olive, a wall fifteen feet high, having protected the trunk from injury, while the air was freely admitted to its foliage, between the six statues which supported the roof. The position of the well and olive tree in the Cecropium seems also to accord with the tradition which represented Cecrops as having been a witness of the contest between Neptune and Minerva'. Nor is it any objection to this conclusion, that the olive is described as having been in the Pandroseium: for undoubtedly this was the common appellation of the whole of the lower building, though it is also evident from the inscription, compared with the building itself, that it was subdivided into the Pandroseium proper and the Cecropium. The same document makes mention of a stoa, from which it appears that certain blocks of stone had been removed it is difficult at least to give any other interpretation to the preposition arò which precedes the word. The stoa was probably, therefore, some separate building, perhaps in ruins, from which wrought stones had been taken for the purpose of being adapted to the Erechtheium 3. of line 71 of the inscription, which stands as follows on the marble, the latter part being obliterated : ΤΟ ΕΝΤΟΙ ΠΡΟΣΤΟΜΙΑΙ This Mr. Wilkins proposes to read τοῦ ἐν τῷ προστομιαίῳ τοίχῳ, and considers that роσтоμiałоs, which is not found in any lexicon, referred to the oróμov or mouth of the well. If his further opinion is correct, that the Caryatides were intended for hydriaphore, and that each figure bore a water-jar in one hand, this would be a further confirmation as to the well. Unfortunately, the lower arms of all the figures are wanting, so that it is a conjecture only. 1 See above, p. 344. 2 Apollod. 3, 14. v. sup. p. 538, n. 3. 3 The following are the two instances in which the Stoa is mentioned: τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς Στοᾶς μῆκος τετράποδα, lin. 142, αἰετιαῖοι τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς Στοᾶς, μῆκος lin. 166. The former blocks were quadrangular, suited to a part of the entablature, In each of the two great porticos, there appears to have been an altar for fumigation, styled ὁ βωμὸς τοῦ Θυηχοῦ '. Pausanias has not expressly described any objects as being in the temple of Pandrosus, but we may presume that the adytum contained altars and statues of Pandrosus and of Thallo, one of the Horæ, for he informs us that Thallo received divine honours from the Athenians jointly with Pandrosus 2. The Pandroseium although standing, as we have seen, on a level several feet lower than the rocky summit of the eastern portion of the Cecropian hill, from which rose the two temples of Minerva, was considerably higher than the platform adjacent to the Propylæa. This intermediate level was inclosed on the eastern side by a wall still in part extant, which united the cella of Minerva Polias with the wall of the Acropolis. Its southern boundary is defined by the wall which forms the southern support of the steps which ascend from the same intermediate level to that of Minerva Polias on the outside of the southern prostasis. To the north it was bounded by the wall of the Acropolis, through which there was a descent from it into the Agraulium, probably through both the caverns3. This communication gives ample reason to believe that the entire intermediate level was comprehended in the iɛpòv réuevos, or sanctuary of Minerva and wanted not much of being finished, having been dɛia ikπeñoinpéva ἄνευ κατατομῆς. The latter were stones prepared for the tympanum of a pediment, and are described as piɛpyou. The stoa has generally been supposed the same as the northern portico: but Mr. Wordsworth identifies it with the western apartment of the building. As to the former opinion, which I once entertained, the objection is that it is difficult to conceive that in a technical document there should have been two names for the same object. Nor could it well have been the western apartment, none of the apartments being named in the inscription, evidently because exterior decorations and ornamental roofing alone remained to be executed at the time of the report of the commission. 1 V. lin. 79, 188. 2 τῇ ἑτέρᾳ τῶν Ὡρῶν νέμουσιν ὁμοῦ τῇ Πανδρόσῳ τιμὰς οἱ ̓Αθηναῖοι, Θάλλω τὴν θεὸν ἐπονομάζοντες. Boot. 35, 1. 3 See above, p. 266. Polias, attached to the Erechtheium. It contained besides the lodging of the arrhephora and their sphærestra, or place where they exercised themselves in playing at ball', several statues described by Pausanias, namely, that of the priestess Lysimacha one cubit high, the colossal figures of Erechtheus and Eumolpus preparing to engage in combat, some ancient wooden statues of Minerva in the half burnt state in which they had been left by the Persians, the representation of the hunting of a wild boar, Cycnus fighting with Hercules, Theseus finding the slipper and sword of Ægeus under the rock, Theseus and the Marathonian bull, and Cylon who attempted to obtain the tyranny at Athens. That all these were within the sacred inclosure of Polias, will follow from the great probability that the two lastmentioned were so situated: the Theseus and Minotaur, because Theseus was represented as dragging the bull to be sacrificed to Minerva Polias: the Cylon because he was put to death in violation of the protection of the goddess under which he had placed himself3. And this accords with the order of the narrative of Pausanias, who from his notice of the Cylon, proceeds to that of the Minerva Promachus, which, situated as has been already stated, could not have been far from the south western angle of the temenus of Polias, and then to that of the quadriga, dedicated from the spoils of Chalcis, which was on the left hand, in entering the Acropolis, after having passed through the Propylæa. As customary with Pausanias, he has not noticed all the This place of amusement or exercise for the two young ladies who dwelt here for a whole year in seclusion, is mentioned only in the life of Isocrates (Vit. X. Rhet.) whose statue was in the sphærestra. We cannot doubt that the dwelling of the arrephora was within the sacred inclosure of Polias, and that the sphærestra was adjacent to it. 2 See above, p. 157. 3 Herodot. 5, 71. Thucyd. 1, 126. dedications in the sanctuary of Polias. We learn from another authority that wooden images of Lycurgus, son of Lycophron, and of Abron, Lycurgus, and Lycophron, the three sons of Lycurgus, were here placed, doubtless among others of the Butada '. The length of the temenus of Polias from east to west, cannot be ascertained until this part of the Acropolis shall be excavated; but considering the situation of the steps, which descended into the cavern of Agraulus, it could hardly have been less than two hundred and fifty feet. It is likely that the Agraulium was co-extensive on the side of the hill with the sanctuary of Polias on the summit, and that through one of the two caverns, the arrhephoræ on the approach of the greater Panathenæa, descended with their unknown burthen to another cavern near the temple of Venus in the gardens. $ 1. Boeckh. In the following document, there is a deviation from the orthography of the original, inasmuch as the general use of the four Ionic letters not having become official until seven years later, those four letters are not found in the original. Επιστάται τοῦ νεὼ τοῦ ἐν πόλει, ἐν ᾧ τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἄγαλμα, ης Κηφισιεύς, Χαριάδης ̓Αγρυλῆθεν, Διώδης Κηφισιεὺς, Φιλοκλῆς ̓Αχαρνεύς, γραμματεὺς Ετέαρχος Κυδαθηναιεὺς, 1 Vit. X. Rhet. in Lycurg. It is very possible that a portico may have surrounded, or at least have occupied some portion of the inclosure of Polias; and that this may have been the Stoa from which the wrought stones were taken for the use of the Pandroseium. (τάδ)ε ἀνέγραψαν ἔργα τοῦ νεὼ ὡς κατέλαβον ἔχοντα, κατὰ τὸ ψή (φισ)μα του δήμου, ὃ Επιγένης εἶπεν, ἐξειργασμένα καὶ ἡμίεργα, ἐπὶ Διο 5 κλέους ἄρχοντος, Κεκροπίδος πρυτανευούσης πρώτης ἐπὶ τῆς βουλῆς * Νικοφάνης Μαραθώνιος πρῶτος ἐγραμμάτευσεν. Τοῦ νεὼ τάδε κατελάβομεν ἡμίεργα ἐπὶ τῇ γωνίᾳ τῇ πρὸς τοῦ Κεκροπίου· πλίνθους ἀθέτους μῆκος τετρά 1111 ποδας, πλάτος δίποδας, πάχος τριημιποδίους $ 2. B. 10 |