An Introduction to the Theory of OpticsE. Arnold, 1904 - 340 من الصفحات |
المحتوى
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طبعات أخرى - عرض جميع المقتطفات
عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
æther amplitude aperture axis bands beam calculated centre change of phase coefficient coincident colour components considered constant cos² crystal curve difference in phase diffraction direction of vibration displacement disturbance dx dy dy dz effect elastic ellipse ellipsoid equal equation Fresnel Fresnel zones geometrical gives grating Hence homogeneous incident light intensity interference intersection lens Lord Rayleigh magnetic maxima maxima and minima maximum medium Newton's rings observed obtain optic axes optical distance optical length oscillations parallel particle plane of incidence plane of polarization plane wave plate portion position prism quantities radiations radius reflected reflexion refractive index represents resolving power resultant right angles rings rotation screen sin² slit spectrum surface theory thickness transmitted velocity wave plate wave propagation wave-front wave-length wave-surface width zero zones
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 197 - If, when the matter occupying any space is strained in any way, all pairs of points of its substance which are initially at equal distances from one another in parallel lines remain equidistant, it may be at an altered distance; and in parallel lines, altered, it may be, from their initial direction; the strain is said to be homogeneous.
الصفحة 225 - In whatever way the elements of any material system may act upon each other, if all the internal forces exerted be multiplied by the elements of their respective directions, the total sum for any assigned portion of the mass will always be the exact differential of some function.
الصفحة 225 - If, however, this were not the case, we are so perfectly ignorant of the mode of action of the elements of the luminiferous ether on each other, that it would seem a safer method to take some general physical principle as the basis of our reasoning, rather than assume certain modes of action...
الصفحة 143 - Seen from a distance less than / it will appear magnified. Inasmuch as the arrangement affords a view of the sun with full definition and with an increased apparent magnitude, the name of a telescope can hardly be denied to it. "As the minimum focal length increases with the square of the aperture, a quite impracticable distance would be required to rival the resolving-power of a modern telescope. Even for an aperture of four inches /i would be five miles.
الصفحة 328 - No theory of evolution can be formed to account for the similarity of molecules, for evolution necessarily implies continuous change, and the molecule is incapable of growth or decay, of generation or destruction. None of the processes...
الصفحة 142 - The function of a lens in forming an image is to compensate by its variable thickness the differences of phase which would otherwise exist between secondary waves arriving at the focal point from various parts of the aperture.
الصفحة 74 - ... nearly equal angles from the apertures at all distances, and wider also in the same proportion as the apertures are closer to each other. The middle ... is always light, and the bright stripes on each side are at such distances, that the light coming to them from one of the apertures must have passed through a longer space than that which comes from the other by an interval which is equal to the breadth of one, two, three or more of the supposed undulations...
الصفحة 74 - In order that the effects of two portions of light may be thus combined, it is necessary that they be derived from the same origin, and that they arrive at the same point by different paths, in directions not much deviating from each other.
الصفحة 225 - of the advantages of this method, of great importance, is that we are " necessarily led by the mere process of the calculation, and with little care "on our part, to all the equations and conditions which are requisite and "sufficient for the complete solution of any problem to which it may be "applied.