towards the west we meet with a broad blank space of 9 feet, which was followed by windows similar in all respects to the second, third and fourth. We do not possess any knowledge of more than two of this series, for those that doubtless formerly existed to the west of them have long since been completely altered or destroyed in adapting the building to domestic purposes. The internal jambs of the fifth and sixth windows were 4 ft. 3 in. apart. As the wall extended 25 ft. 5in. beyond the sixth window to the return at the western end of the building we may reasonably conclude that there were at least three more openings to the west of that window.

The uniformity of the range of windows is therefore broken in two places, (1) by an interval of 7 feet 6 inches between the first and second openings, and also (2) by a blank space of 9 feet between the fourth and fifth openings. In the latter of these spaces the remains of an ancient pointed doorway may be seen, from which the ashlar has been removed, and therefore its architectural character destroyed; but it seems to have formed an entrance into the chamber from the south, as a similarly situated and apparently similar doorway did from the north. The former probably communicating with the private part of the Hospital and the latter with the town. This doorway must have been closed (circa 1524) when Bp. Fisher's chapel was built so as to render it useless, for a communication between these two places could hardly have been required.

In the space intervening between the first and second windows we find the most beautiful of the scanty remains of this ancient building. It is a double piscina much resembling that at Jesus College. These piscina are of nearly the same date, but differ in some respects. In that at Jesus College the shafts are carried down below the drains in front of and just touching a solid mass of stone: the lateral shafts are attached to the walls throughout their whole length: and the whole is in a compartment having mouldings with dog-tooth ornaments. The piscina at St John's College is not so lofty as the other, although somewhat wider: the lateral shafts are quite free; neither they nor the central shaft are continued below the drains: the spandrels and central space between the intersecting arches are open, and there is a continuous empty space extending from side to side at the back; but the springing-stones have projections connecting them with the wall, laterally in the case of the lateral, and posteriorly in that of the central springers, which is a peculiar, and it is believed, uncommon construction: the

whole may have been inclosed within a compartment, as at Jesus College, although no part of it remains, for the

projecting portions of the mouldings have been planed down in order to form a level surface for the plaster with which the wall was covered, and there is a chiselled line exactly in the situation where the frame ought to be. The arches not only intersect, but their mouldings interpenetrate similarly in these piscina. The drains are placed in differently-shaped

*The figure of the piscina at Jesus College, given in Parker's Glossary of Architecture, pl. 72, does not represent this and is incorrect in some other respects. The plate opposite page 353 of the Cambridge Portfolio is correct and excellent. There is also a good figure in Cooper's Memorials of Cambridge, 1. 392.

basins in our piscina; the right-hand basin is circular, that on the left forms a quatrefoil: they are very rudely formed: indeed the whole work, although most beautifully designed and having a very effective appearance, is seen, upon a close examination, to be rather roughly executed throughout. The sill, the shafts, and their bases are of Barnack stone, the arches of clunch. In the church of Histon near Cambridge there are two double piscina, one in the north and the other in the south transept, which resemble these at Cambridge by having similar intersecting arches with interpenetrating mouldings. But at Histon the arches spring from three sets of double shafts of Purbeck

It

Above the piscina there is a rectangular opening through the wall, of 3 feet in height and 1 ft. 6 in. in width. is nearly plain, and was closed by a shutter. It seems to be original, and may have communicated with some narrow passage connecting this oratory with the dormitory of the brethren; not

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for them to pass through, but to allow of a sight of the priest, when celebrating mass, being obtained without entering the oratory itself.

I have written in the present tense of these remains, but before the publication of this paper the piscina will have been removed into the new chapel. Other parts also cannot long continue in their ancient position. The photographs by Mr. Nichols from which the plates have been engraved were taken before any part of the ruins had fallen or the piscina been touched.

If we now direct our attention to the existing chapel (A) of the College we shall find that its walls are much older than the inserted windows, and that it belonged to the Hospital. Prof. Willis long since pointed out the presence of stringcourses and mouldings of the Early English style on the northern side, and also directed attention to the traces of the Early English windows which existed above, at the side of, and inclosing the existing Perpendicular openings. But the interior of the wall could not be examined until Mr. G. G. Scott was consulted about the new chapel, when he caused enough of the face of the wall to be removed to show that the original windows were in the Early English style when just changing into that called Decorated, i.e. were erected in the latter half of the x111th century, whereas the building (B) about which we have just been treating, was certainly built, 60 to 80 years earlier. The great arch, now much hidden by the organ, which divides the quire from the ante-chapel, is of the same date, and has similar mouldings to those of the original windows which are now embedded in the walls. The pointed crown of one of these old windows in the north wall may be seen rising above the much more obtuse top of the existing Perpendicular window. It has been laid open by the direction of Mr. Scott. The plate shows this top of the original window to the right of the more ancient remains of the Hospital.

This chapel was originally 120 feet long; for we must include the space which is not shaded on my plan, and through which is the present approach to the Master's Lodge, and over which those who remodelled the buildings in the XVIth century did not extend the new roof, but converted the upper part into chambers for the use of the Master. The quire occupied 74 feet of this length. The width is 25 feet. There were originally five windows on each side, or there may very probably have been six, for there is the proper space for one to the north and another to

the south in the secularized part above-mentioned. There now remain five windows on the south side and four on the north, but traces of the fifth are manifest over the entrance to Bishop Fisher's chapel. We do not know what was the original state of the east end which is now occupied by a large Perpendicular window. There was a large Early English window at the west end. Portions of the sill and one of the jams of this may now be seen in the wall which separated the Master's parlour from his bed-room. It is quite certain that the walls of this building are mainly those of the chapel of the Hospital; they seem to have been very much out of repair when the executors of the foundress took possession of the site; for the removal of the plaster has shown that although some parts are built with fine squared stones, other parts are patched with clunch and brick, and the whole surface rendered rough to furnish an attachment to the plaster, which was used to hide all the defects.

These two buildings are the only remains of the Hospital of St. John the Evangelist which are known to exist; but it is not improbable that parts of the walls of the first court of the College may have formed portions of the domestic buildings of the ancient house. That court was erected in its present form by Shorton, the first master of the College, A.D. 1511-16; except that the south side was refaced and altered in character in the time of Dr. Powell, who was master from A.D. 1765 to 1775. Baker informs us that the buildings required for the College, including the repair and refitting of the chapel, cost between four and five thousand pounds. He says, "the chapel was leaded, the stalls finished,...in the fifth year of the reign of Henry VIII" (A.D. 1513).

We must now endeavour to determine the use of the earlier of these buildings (B), supposed by Baker, when he wrote the text of his History, to be the chapel of the old house; but in a note added afterwards, to have been the chapel of St. John the Baptist, "whereof mention is made both in Bishop Alcock's register and Caius." But is not this an oversight, and that he had in view St. John's Hostel, which stood near St. John the Baptist's church, on the site of King's College, for I cannot find any notice of it in Caii Historia, nor his De Antiquitate Cantabrigiensis Academiæ? Or may it have arisen from the mistake made in 1312, when the Master of this house was taxed to a tallage as of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist?

The Hospital of St. John the Evangelist (often called St. John's House) was founded for the "reception of poor,