suddenly with a terrified snort, that I was nearly||would have made them a fine subject for a painter, and parlor, comprised in a single room. Were it thrown over his head; and looking for the new cause as a furious squall of snow swept along the side-hill not an infraction of the second law of hospitality, I of anxiety where the stream wound around, so as they were descending. We exchanged the custo. could draw some queer pictures of scenes I have almost to double itself in front of me, I saw, on mary salutation, " Bojur," (probably from the French witnessed in this way. the little peninsula of the burning meadow thus bonjour,) and passed on. formed, an Indian standing with folded arms amid the wreathing smoke, and surveying my motions with an aspect of perfect calmness. He was a middle-aged man, rather tall, and in the full costume of his tribe. The hair on his forehead, which was seamed with several ghastly scars, was nearly white, but three long plaited locks of raven black fell down behind from the crimson handkerchief which bound his brows. He wore a white woollen frock edged with black, with scarlet leggings and moccasins, while armlets of silver and a belt containing his tomahawk and scalping-knife completed his equipments. All these, however, were observed afterwards, when I had given up the attempt to cross the brook, and spurring through the flame where it was lowest, placed nyself by the side of the old warrior. But for the present I remained fixed in my seat, gazing on the noble apparition with as much delight as if my own call had evoked it from the ground. I had seen a dozen Indians I have now passed the central region where the There are several Indian graves immediately be- Eastern and Western rivers of Michigan have their fore the door of the shantee where I am stopping rise, and while I follow down the pebbly waters of for the night, which I am told are regularly visited the beautiful Kalamazoo to their western outlet, and and weeded by the surviving relatives of those here from thence pass to the mouth of the St. Joseph's, buried. My host has had the good taste to put a you must not expect the same regularity in my cor. fence around them to keep his cattle from the spot-respondence I have hitherto attempted to preserve. a piece of attention with which the Indians appeared I am well. H. to be much gratified at their last visit; and I may MANLY PIETY ON ITS PRINCIPLES, by ROBERT Pи. here observe that the settlers of Michigan generally appear to treat this ill-fated race with a degree of LIPS, of Maberly Chapel. New York, JoнH WILEY. kindness and consideration that might well be imita. A book on religious duties, which, like this, has the ted on other sections of our frontier. This morning merit of being exempt from all cant, and which preI crossed the far-flowing Washtenongh (or Grand River) near the new village of Jacksonburg; and the sents religion in an aspect that is attractive, and with sight of its clear smooth waters inspired a new re- tolerant views, cannot but do good. The manner of gret that I must abandon my original intention of the writer is earnest and forcible, and his matter that following them down to the last trading post. which concerns all. FORKS OF THE HEKALAMAZOO, SELECT WORKS OF JAMES SHERIDAN KNOWLES, 2 vols. Boston, CARTER, HENDEE & Co., and ALLEN & TICKNOR.-The acting of MacCready, of C. Kean, of Forrest, and above all of Charles Kemble and his tragic daughter, have made the tragedies of Sheridan Knowles familiar to our theatrical public. Virgi. us, William Tell, the Hunchback, and The Wife, of Mantua, are all appreciated here. These, with other of his dramas, and some of his excellent prose tales, This never ending storm still continues, and the of all sizes and sexes in the course of the day, trails, where not incessantly travelled, being now not one of whom had awakened the slightest inter completely covered and effaced, I lost my way this est; but there was that about the port and bearing morning, and wandered several miles from the track. of this grim-looking savage, which, with the some- After traversing a broad marsh, however, where my what theatrical attitude he assumed and the circum- sagacious horse seemed loth enough to venture, I stances under which I first beheld him, carried me struck a burr-oak opening, and found my way, by the away completely. He smiled when I approached blazed trees back to the main trail. A man who is him, and received me with great kindness of man. used to it, I am told, can get along very well in this ner; though, as neither of us understood the lan. way; but you can imagine, that where one has freguage of the other, there could be but little inter- quently to cross openings of some two or three hun. together with a brief memoir of his life, make up the change of ideas between us. The few Indian ex-dred yards in width, and then hunt up these prin contents of these two little volumes, which are quite pressions of which I am master, were soon expend. tive guide posts, which only occur at long intervals, an agreeable addition to current literature. ed, and he seemed not to have a word of English to and have their slice of bark taken out at either side, * * THE AMERICAN TURF REGISTER, &c. for give me in exchange. He made my companion un- it is not quite so easy to find his way here, especially February. Baltimore: J. S. SKINNER.-With derstand, however, that the frightful wounds which with the snow blowing full in his face, as if walking disfigure his noble front, were received while fight through the rectangular streets of Philadelphia. Imuch of the usual interest in this number for ing on the side of the British against the Americans took me three hours to gain six miles in this way, the amusement and information of sportsmen, at Sandusky. my horse slipping and flouncing at almost every step. there is in one of the papers a somewhat highBut lost as I was, I could not help pausing frequently when I struck the first burr-oak opening I had ever er and more serious tone of philosophizing, if so seen, to admire its novel beauty. It looked more we may call it, than is usual in discussing the like a pear orchard than any thing else to which I The name of this veteran chief I have since learned to be Okemaus, and I find that he is well known and quite respected in the neighborhood. GRASS LAKE, JACKSON Co. (M. T.) Dɛc. 16. The storm of yesterday still prevailed when I left can assimilate it-the trees being somewhat of the breed of horses and dogs. We give an exmy excellent quarters at the growing little hamlet of shape and size of full grown pear trees, and standing tract from this paper. It is to rebut the notion Dexter, to find my way toward the country watered at regular intervals apart from each other on the firm that because we have good horses in America, by the beautiful Kekalamozoo. 1 had been furnished level soil, as if planted by some gardener. Here, it is not worth while to seek to improve them by mine host with a map of the route for the first tos, I first saw deer in herds; and half frozen and eight or ten miles, and it would have amused you weary as I was, the sight of those spirited looking by importations from abroad. to see me occasionally stopping in a furious snow creatures sweeping in troops through these intermi- Change the name and the object, and the storm to balance my pocket compass on the hasty nable groves, where my eye could follow them for truth and justness of these remarks are of genechart thus supplied. I found my way, however, miles over the smooth snowy plain, actually warmed with very little difficulty through a very thick wood, and invigorated me, and I could hardly refrain from ral applicability. when the thick coat of snow that robed the trees putting the rowels into my tired horse, and launching But I must notice an argument on account of its gave a most fantastic appearance to the forest, and after the noble game. What a country this is. Into commonness-if argument that can be called which about noon I struck the Washtenaw trail to the west. land like this, which is comparatively undervalued is a feeling, and not a reason; an argument which, The travelling, however, was anything but agreea. by those seeking to settle on the prairie, a man can springing out of our pride and prejudice, makes us ble. The snow being soft would “ball," as it is run his plough without felling a tree, and, planting a put a high estimate on ourselves and our things, and called, beneath my horse's feet, and what with the hundred acres where he could clear but ten in the a low estimate on other persons and things, and dis. stumbling and slipping on this account, I have been unsettled districts of New York, raise his 25 bush-dains to acknowledge that the growth of America is unable after a day's travel to make more than twen-els of wheat to an acre in the very first season. inferior to the growth of any foreign clime. Our ty miles. There was barely light enough left for me "How is the soil here, Sir," said I to a farmer whose people have a national conceit,-a public egotism, to distinguish my way, when I arrived at a comfort. broad fields, though but a year under cultivation, which makes us exalt ourselves at the expense of able log house belonging to an intelligent and hos. looked as if they had been tilled for ten. "A pretty others. Say any thing is American, and it is stamp. pitable farmer, a recent emigrant from the western good gravelly loam of 18 inches; but I think some ed at once with a nationality, which confers on it part of the State of New York. The owner of the of moving off to Kalamazoo, where they have it four undoubted excellence and indisputable superiority. dwelling was absent, and it was not till after a par- feet deep, and so fat that it will grease your fingers." Hence it is that we hear the performances on the ley of some minutes between two very pretty wo. Railroads and canals will make one broad garden of English turf denounced as fables, altogether unmen, whom I could distinguish through the window Michigan, and even now, there is something singu-worthy of credit. As in higher and more important by the light of a tempting-looking fire within, that I larly pleasing to light upon spots in the wildest dis. matters, so in matters of the turf, this wide-spread gated admittance to pass the night. Once there,tricts, which, were it not for the rude shantees which and rapacious feeling prevents us from imagining however, nothing can exceed the kindness of the indicate their recent settlement-often of but a few any thing superior to the feats of our own horses, family to make the few hours I shall pass with them||months back-might be mistaken for the cultivated and flatly denies that the superior means and facili agreeable. farms of an old country. The absence of stumps in ties of England have produced their natural and cor. SPRING-ARBOR, DEC. 17. the land under cultivation, and the open groves ad respondent effect. It would be as well to deny the The snow still continues, and the road, becoming jacent, give a smiling openness to the landscape existence of Shakspeare and Sir Walter Scott, be. worse and worse, I have made even less progress which, with the myriads of wild flowers that here cause no one amongst us has yet rivalled "the to-day. But there is something so wild and pictu. deepen the woods in their season, must make the as. Bard of Avon" and "the Great Unknown." It resque iu the country through which I am passing, pect of the country perfectly delightful. I hardly would be as well to deny the existence of Roths that even such travelling has its pleasures. I have know, though, how some of your city élégants, child, because we have no banker who can control counted more than a dozen lakes on my route, and the voteries of Delmonico, or the fair visitants at the operations of the most potent governments. We though some of them are only dreary-looking pools, Gardiner's, would meet the inconveniences of travel. might as well deny the existence of London, the covering a few acres, in the midst of an extensive ling here. As for eating, indeed, they might manage "modern Babylon," with her million and a half of moss marsh, yet the short sudden hills which sur. with the aid of cranberry sauce to rough it on veni-people; or the magnificent system of English pauper. round others, with the beautiful groves of white oak son and wild honey, backed by the finest potatoes ism, which tells of two million recipients of public on their banks, and the natural meadows that open and best wheat bread in the world; but I think that charity. The fact is, and it cannot be disguised, upon their mimic friths, make a most romantic ap. when it comes to sleeping, they would be somewhat that England is in advance of us in many respects. pearance. I came unexpectedly upon a travelling posed between a bed in the bush and one shared with She is in advance of us in age and power, and band of Ottawas this morning, in one of the most the hospitable inmates of a cabin, whose dormitory wealth and luxury, and corruption-in philosophy, abrupt of these passes. They were returning home for the whole family is often, as well as their kitchen poetry and eloquence--in manufactures, agriculture partly equipped with presents from the recent treaty and commerce-in her military and marine resources held on the Wabash, and their fluttering blankets, Blased" trees are marked with an axe or hat---in her towns and internal improvements-in her gleaming weapons, and gaudy equipments generally, chet, to designate that a trail runs near them. public debt and public burdens. She is in advance [From the Liverpool Standard.] With respect to the affairs in the East, the minis. try of England are unfortunately in this position, viz., they must either consent to surrender their rights of trade and navigation in the Black Sea to the Rus. sians--either be content to be excluded from the Euxine--be content never to pass the Dardanelles except with the approbation of, or bearing a passport from, the Emperor--or they must go to war. of us in the pleasures of life, yet farther than its for produce is beginning to take place. The specu- trickery against the magnificent ruins of the Turkish business: in her theatres and shows-her amuse-lators are evidently on the alert, and if due precau- empire, would be an insult to the honour of this ments and sports-her boxing and cock fight--tion is not taken, will repeat the process which took great people, a sacrifice of the security of Brittish ing-her dog coursing and horse racing. It is place in the spring, by coming in at the lowest pricommerce, and of the freedom of the Mediteranean, true that we already rival her in many things, and ces, and selling at the highest, leave their dupes to as well as a crime against the independence and surpass her in some; and as our country gets older bear the brunt of the reaction sure to follow, and to tranquility of the European Continent. We rejoice, and richer, and our citizens enjoy means equal to lament over their losses. In whatever stage of its therefore to learn from our brother journalists, that hers in all respects, there can be no doubt that, progress the affair may be, the warning cannot but signs of increased alacrity to meet, or, in other words, to ward ofl, the evil which threatens us, are visible whether "for weal or for wo," we can fearlessly be salutary. In political matters the most interesting is that in the preparatory measures of his Majesty's Govern. stand beside her in every thing. The time will come ment. If the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh shall be when the impartial scales of justice will award to which concerns the growing difficulties between satisfied that France and England really "mean what us what our national vanity would prematurely snatch, and we can safely challenge a comparison England and France on the one side, and Russia on they say," and that they rig out and man a formidable with our mother country in all the employments and the other, ostensibly, respecting the navigation of fleet, nor for ostentation, but, if unavoidable, for acpleasures of life, and the consequences incident to the Black Sea, but in truth, because of the designtion, it is our belief that the Czar will turn more than once on his pillow before he dares the encounter of them. The time will come when we shall have our becoming more and more inanifest of Russia to pos such a confedracey.-[Times.] poets and our paupers—our wise men and our wool. sess herself gradually, but surely, of the magnificent len factories-our towns with a million of people, and our bankers with their millions of money. And, ruins of the Turkish Empire in Europe. It is said that the partition of Turkey was resolved in relation particularly to our subject, we may safely assert, that the time will come when we shall upon at the late conference at Munchengratz; that manage things with more system and greater skill--Russia and Austria are to be the active agents in the when we shall have a better stock and better racing --when the performances of our horses will justly affair; while Prussia will keep France in check on vie with the boasted feats of the English Eclipse, the Rhine. A correspondent of he Times says Highflyer and Priam. "The scheme of Joseph II. and Catherine II. as concocted prior to 1790, is about to be realized CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 11.-Another fire broke The death of Mahmoud is to be the signal; and out in thu night of the 3d inst. which was soon exthat event is hourly predicted by his own subjects, tinguished, but it affords the melancholy proof that who detest him, and who hate the Russians more, in incendiaries are still at work. Letters from Alexconsequence of their having come to support him.andria of the 4th inst. announce that Mehemet Ali It is even affirmed that the treaty of partition was has commissioned four banking houses to pay five signed between the despoilers at their late meeting millions of piastres (500,000 florins conventional money) to the Porte. This is only one year's tribute in Silesia. The period for the great effort on the part of due from the Pachalik of Egypt. It is well known, Russia is at hand: alone the prey may escape her however, that there is still another year in arrear, grasp; Austria is therefore invited, as in the case of as well as the tribute of the newly acquired proPoland, to take a share. The cautious proceedings vinces (20 millions piastres per year) of which two so long adopted by the Cabinet of the Kremlin, of years are due, which Mehemet Ali refuses to pay. moving step by step and securing every position, It is not known for which of these two accounts the must soon be abandoned; and Russia and Austria, sum now paid is intended; many conjectures are no longer acting as foes, are resolved with the speed formed on the subject. We have no news from Canof vultures to devour the spoil. In France, the want dia; opposition to the Porte increases in Samos, and is felt of a great military leader who could counter. the opinion is that it is stirred up by foreign emissa. act this project by a bold display of power. England ries. is compelled, for self-defence, to prevent the aggrandizement of Russia by aiding France. One step on the part of any statesman may, on the death of Mah. moud, involve Turkey, and light the blaze of war in Italy and along the line of the Rhine." A MONTH LATER FROM ENGLAND.--The ship United States, of the 13th Dec., and the ship Napoleon, of 24th Dec., from Liverpool, both arrived last week, giving us from England accounts one month later than previously received. The British Parliament, which stood prorogued to the 12th December, was, by royal proclamation of 9th December, still further prorogued till the 4th of February. The French Chamber of Deputies were to assemble on the 23d December. The packet ship North America, which sailed hence on the 1st December, arrived out on the 23d. The U. S. Schooner Shark sailed from Lisbon for Gibralter Dec. 12th. The Paris papers state that the Duke of Orleans will set sail for America in March next, and that he intends to pass the greater part of the year in visit. ing different parts of that country. BEARHAVEN, Dec. 9.-" The Orpheus, Glover, from Charleston for Liverpool, having been got off the rock, proceeded yesterday, and has put into Bantry Bay." The American vessel wrecked at Berck, near Boulogne, the 2d December, is the Dorothea, from New York to Rotterdam. Crew saved." 46 It does not appear what authority the writer pos. sessses for these assertions. The facts, however, which he states, and the consequence anticipated from them, are sufficiently plausible. PARIS, Dec. 16.-The following is from the Indi. cateur of Bordeaux of the 11th instant, received by express, "The entrance of Spanish troops upon the Portuguese Territory, is confirmed by news which has reached us from the head-quarters of General Morillo. This officer would not have set foot thereon but to pursue Don Carlos, who, after two months' hesita ion, has considered that his royal dignity required him to appear upon the soil where the rights of Queen Isabella and his own are in conBy an article we copy from the Times, it will be flict. This display of monarchical courage was not perceived that both France and England are sensibly of duration. Only 30 men of his suite were able to save themselves; and on the 29th the Prince was at increasing their naval force afloat, and the only plau- Elvas, where without doubt, he will take rest after sible explanation of these preparations seems to be, his fatigues, but, where either the troops of Don Pe. that of holding in check, or it necessary, acting offen.dro or those of Isabella will go and dislodge him." Black Sea, The most important intelligence, at this moment, to our community, indeed to the whole country, is a considerable and unanticipated improvement in the price of the great staple of Cotton. LONDON Dec. 23.-We last night received the Paris Some apprehension existed, we learn, that Ame.sively against, Russia, in the Mediterranean and Papers of Thursday, together with all those of Friday aud of Saturday's date. They are chiefly occupied rican Stocks sent to England for sale, might, with England, France, and Russia.--The naval prepa- with speculations and rumours bnt they add little to the bills drawn against them, be returned by these rations of Russia and France have for some conside- our positive knowledge as to the state of affairs in packets. Nothing of the sort, however, has occcurred. rable period attracted the notice of political observers these parts of Europe which chiefly commanded atLONDON, Dec. 21.-The Consol-market, after a in every port of Europe. The French Government tention at the present moment. As to Russia, the very long period of stagnation, has experienced an has been pushing forward a powerful armament of tone of the Journals following in the track of our own advance to day, to no very material extent. The men of war in her southern dock yards, to be accom. is sufficiently warlike, but it is supposed that, what. cause assigned for it is a remarkable one, since it is panied by 20,000 or 30,000 troops for the purpose, as ever may be the issue of the present demonstrations, given out to be the determination of the Bank to lend it is announced, of invading the African province a better understanding prevails for the moment be. a sum of £2,000,000 on stock. According to another of Constantina, a dependency of the former Govern- tween the Cabinets of the Tuileries and Sr. Petersaccocunt, however, this is not to be done with money ment of Algiers. Perhaps a more pressing service burg. The accounts from Spain relate chiefly to the the property bona fide of the Bank of England, but might be discovered a few hundred miles to the east-movements of troops and rumours of various kinds. with funds held in deposite belonging to the East ward of that new French colony. Russia has a fleet It would appear that the Queen's cause is not so India Company, for which corrporation the Bank is in the Euxine, within three short day's sail of Con- triumphant as her partisans would have the world ot to act in the affair solely as agent. All the reports stantinople, consisting of not less than from 22 to 24 believe. Valencia is stated to have declared against agree, however, in stating that such a sum, at pre-ships of the line. Can any one be surprised that the it, but the same paper (the Memorial Bordelais of the sent lying idle, is about to be employed for such a Government of Louis Philippe should hasten to be 17th) contains a letter from Madrid, announcing the purpose. Still the question naturally presents itself, in readiness for all contingencies; or that England advance of 44 m llions by the commercial body to why the bank should become an agent at all in such should participate its just apprehension of the mani- supply the wants of the Government. Nothing, how. a manner, and why the same could not be done in a fest design of Russia? That England does share ever, of a decisive nature is to be inferred from those direct way by the East India Company? To the the feelings of France on that important subject seems conflicting accounts. monied interest at large the effect will, perhaps, be plain from the fact, made known by all the newspathe same, since there is as much an increase of the pers, that our Admiralty have within these few weeks issue of notes in one way as in the other; but it is a given orders to fit for immediate service several men very different thing with the public which of the two of war and first class frigates, now lying in ordinary corporate bodies is to appear in and to have the man.at Plymouth, Portsmouth, and Chatham, eight sail of agement of it. The whole sum is said to be engaged the line, we believe and four or five frigates, which, on the part of one leading capitalist. Thee cons- with the Victory and two others already in commisquences will be felt, if the fact is correct, in every sion at Plymouth, would constitute a force of 11 sail description of stock, and of commodities, too, for of the line; and, added to the squadron already in such a sum cannot, it is obvious, be brought sudden- the Archipelago, would compose a fleet of some 16 ly into a market already well supplied, without pro- or 18 sail of the line, including half a dozen threeducing a sensible effect. Some say that this is alrea. deckers. Any longer indifference on the part of Minister at Madrid, is confirmed: but Zea Bermu dy perceptible, and that a renewal of the demand England to the progress of Russian conspiracy and dez still retains his post. M. Zarco del Valle, a Paris itself remained tolerably tranquil. Several of the medical students arrested on Tuesday were still in custody. From Spain and Portugal we have direct accounts, later than those received by the packets. Details however, are supplied by them, of some interest. The London Spectator thus speaks of the condi tion of the internal affairs of both these countries. The report of the dismissal of M. Cruz, the War cure. (uncertain.) decided Liberal, and friend of the Marquis De las property on board. The number of individuals on Jock, Franklin Brown, Abner Benedict, William H. Amarillas, is appointed to the War department ad board, including those who belong to the vessel Bulkley, Henry L. Clarke, Philip S. Crooke, James interim and there seems to be no doubt that the in-was FORTY.SEVEN; the names and descriptions W. Carr, Lebeus Chapman, Anthony Carrol, Washterest of the Liberals in the Queen's councils has are as follows:-Capt. Stewart, R. N. commanderington Cockle, Alfred Colvill, Jacob G. Dyckman, lately been much strengthened. Great efforts have Stephen Roberts, chief mate; James Smith, second Cary Dunn, Peter De Witt, John Fairlie, Lambert been made to procure the removal of Zea Bermudez, mate; Wm. Darlington, first engineer, (body found; M. Feltus, George W. Giles, Neil Gray, Robert by Count Florida Blanca; who has addressed a strong Matthew Stanton, second engineer; Mark Quilleash Files, jr. William Gracie, Adolphus N. Governeur Anti-Ministerial letter to the Queen; but the Minister steward, T. Tobin, cook. The remainder of the James Lorimer Graham, Dayton Hobart, Samuel V. has hitherto possessed the firm support of M. Ray-hands are not given, as their names are uncertain Hoffman, Philip Hamilton, William P. Hawes, Jo. neval, the French Ambassador; and until that fails The only cabin passenger known to have been o eph Hyde, Charles G. Havens, Henry Hutchinson, him, it is is believed his place will be tolerably se- board was Mrs. Robert Purdon, of Newry; only Rober L. Jaques, Daniel P Ingraham, Ambrose one deck ticket was issued-to Mr. Polin, body Kirtland, William Lowerre, Robert C. Ludlow, John Saarsfield has resigned the immediate com- found. There was a person named James Gordon M. Lester, James Lozier, Livingston Livingston, mand of the army to General Valdez, and is with a man servant on board, and a race-horse called Wlliam Lee Morris, William H. Maxwell, Jeremiah appointed Vice Koy of Navarre. It seems Mounteagle, valued at £300, which was lost. The Miller, jr. Jonathan Miller Charles B. Moore, Corthat his long, and apparently unaccountable names of the other passengers, who were dealers in elius Nagle, Alanson Nash, Henry N coll, Jesse inaction at Burgos, was owing to want of pigs, are as follows:-O'Hear, P. M'Coy, P. Han. Jasley, Thomas O'Conner, Richard M. Popham, enezer Palmer, Peter Pinckney, Corneliu, Roosa, vigor, or perhaps to treachery, in the late Min-on, P. O'Hear, and another, D. Gorman, H. Dun ister of War, Cruz; by whom he was left un- Duffy, M'Larkins, P. Rice, H. Hughes, Conisky, P. James Cassidy, O'Kenry, P. Trainor, O'Rice, J Daniel Phoenix Riker, Richard A. Reading, Thomas Jefferson Smith, Edward Sanford, Charles W. San. supplied with the necessary reinforcements, Plarke, J. Quigly, P. Evers, J. Sloan, M'Anulty, P ord, Wm. H. Smith, William S. Sears, David B. and hampered with contradictory orders. The Dunn, Fenan, Hanlon, W, Sommerville, M'Ardle, Shepard. Reuben Spencer, Alfred A. Smith, Thomas vigorous representatious of the Liberals, and the growing dissatisfaction in the capital, at length compelled the Queen to interfere.[From the Baltimore American.] Saarsfield sent in his resignation of the comA letter from Captain VOORHEES, of the United mand; but first insisted upon putting a virtual States ship John Adams, dated at Liberia, D c. 14, end to the war by the capture of Vittoria and and giving a favorable account of the condition of Bilboa. the American Colony, has been published in the Na. The accounts from Portugal are unsatisfac- tional Intelligencer. It is furnished for publication tory to all who wish for a speedy termination by the Secretary of the Colonization Society, to of the contest. Don Pedro gains no ground in whom it had been transmitted by Secretary Wood. the interior, and succeeds principally in dis-bury as a valuable testimony to the flourishing con. gusting his daughter's best friends in the capi-ed-good order and morality prevailing throughout. dition of the settlement. All seemed to be employ. tal. M. Carvalho, his Prime Minister is hated Several stone warehouses and stone wharves line the as heartily as his master; but, in his position, banks of the river; others are building, which, with what Minister, could be popular for a month several schooners loading and unloading, or repairtogether. ing, afford an aspect and an air of business common Miguel has lately increased his force at San-to a respectable white population. The town is in tarem, by recruits; and the arrival of a de-a thriving condition, and wears an air of neatness tachment of 3,000 men from his army, before and comfort in the dwellings which is quite surpriz. Oporto, has enabled him once more to assume ing. Capt. Voorhees adds: "The settlement mus the offensive. He has dispatched troops into move onward, and with all its disadvantages, it ap. the Alentejo, with the intention it was suppos- advancement." pears a miracle that it should be in such a state of ed, of attacking Faro and Lagos in the Algarve. The latter place had been supplied with provisions and a few soldiers by Napier; who was, however, unable to reach Faro, in conse quence of a storm at sea. MADRID, DEC. 10.-The news of the taking of Morella is confirmed. According to the rumors of the day, the castle was taken by assault, after an obsti. nate resistance, in which we lost many officers and The insurgents, it is added, were nearly all put to the sword. men. The vessels at the place, during the last year, were about ninety. An incident is related in the letter, which, while it reflects credit on the humanity and disinterestedness of the colonists, affords a strong corroboration of the importance of the settlement as a place of refuge on the coast for ditressed and shipwrecked Europeans. A French oil ship was lately cast away at the coast of Grand Bassa, and the crew, twenty in number, reached that place in distress. They were kindly received by the settlers, and travelled safely along the sea shore to Monrovia There the colonists with generous hospitality fitted ou LIVERPOOL, Dec. 10-The principal news from an expedition, at their own expense, and despatched Portugal relates to a mission of Col. Hare to Don the government schooner to carry the sabors to their Miguel at Santarem. This gentleman is a sort of own settlement at Goree. This generosity was the more praiseworthy because the voyage of this vessel deputy negociator on the part of the British Govern- on the errand of humanity prevented the Colonists ment, and there can be no doubt that he has gone to from procuring their requisite supply of rice, and for sound Miguel as to the possibility of putting au end the want of which they suffered. On the arrival of to the wretched war, or rather raid, which is wast-the John Adams, a French mau-of-war barque was ing the resources of Portugal. in port, which had been despatched by the Governor It appears (says the Liverpool Chronicle,) that the of Goree to express the gratitude of his countrymen offence of Taipa is the publication of a letter to Pe-tc the people of Liberia for their charitable services. dro, in which he denounced the proceedings of the Ecclesiastical Commission for the suppression of Religious Houses. The letter was couched in strong language, and applied the terms "Pope," and "Profane Counsellor" to the President of the Court. This led to his being represented as an agent of Miguel, and a warrant was immediately issued for his apprehension. The Peers are more enraged than ever at the terms of the ministerial reply to their address, and when the Ann Paley sailed, they were met for the purpose of preparing a still more urgent remon strance. GALE. A severe gale was experienced on the coast of England, Nov. 30th, the wind blowing from W. N. W. Several vessels were lost, and many others damaged. HOME INTELLIGENCE. G. Smith, John N. Taylor, Thomas W. Tucker, [The above list of commissioners, with those heretofore appointed, completes the number of 100 for the city of New York. John Ahern, George F. Allen, Richard M. Blatch. ford, Robert Bogardus, Frederick W. Burke, John Bulkley, John A. Bogart, George C. Baldwin, Ebenezer Burrill, Thomas S. Brady, David M. Cowdrey, John D. Campbell, Gerardus Clark, Charles A. Clin. ton, George D. Cooper, Peter A. Cowdrey, Charles T. Cromwell, George Catlin, Thomas W. Clerke, Thomas N. Campbell, William N. Dyckman, Robert Day, William E. Dunscomb, John A. De Russey, John T. Duryce, Walter Edwards, Charles Edwards, Augustus Floyd, Morris Franklin, Henry P. Feltus, John Lorimer Graham, James W. Gerard, Thomas Goin, Andrew S. Garr, Francis Griffin, William G. Haydock, David Higgins, Henry W. Havens, Frank. in S. Kinney, Cornelius V. S. Kane, Joseph Leonard, John R. Livingston, jr., Henry Laight, Jacob Morton, John F. Mitchell, Montgomery Moses, Pe. ter S. Marselis, Jas. W. McKeon, Solomon Melvin, John H. Magher, E. T. Throop Martin, Wm. O'Bri en, Charles Oakley, Horatio G. Prall, Adam G. Pentz, Isaac Phillips, Wm. Poole, Samuel A. Porter, Anthony Rappells, Edward Radcliff, Samuel Stans. bury, James B. Sheys, Wm. Soul, Thomas Slidell, Edward H. Seeley, Daniel B. Tallmadge, Francis R. Tillou, Wm. N. Titus, William K. Thorn, Edward N. Taylor, Wm. Van Hook, Wm. W. Wagener, John G. Van Buren, Joseph Wallis, Stephen C. Williams, Richard J. Wells, Harman Westervelt, Henry Wilkes, Joseph Woodward, and Caleb S. Woodhull, notaries public. Thomas J. Shankland, inspector of domestic dis tilled spirits. Naval.―The Brandywine frigate, and the sloop o war Falmouth, both at our navy yard, are under sail. ing orders. Their destinations are not generally known; but conjecture destines one to Europe with a Plenipo, and the other to relieve a ship in the Mediterranean. Much depends upon the procee We are requested to state, that the Delaware is dings of the Senate of the United States, before again free from ice. The steam boat Burlington, of which body business of importance is pending.— the Rail Road Line, came up from Philadelphia_to|||Gazette.] Bordentown yesterday, making now an uninterrupted communication between this city and Baltimore, at Summer prices. CONGRESS-Thursday.--The following business was acted on this week. Memorials were presented by Mr. Beardsley and Mr. Hard, praying Congress to provide for the construction of a Ship Canal around the Falls of Niagara. SHIPWRECK.-The brig Anna Margaret, of and from Charleston, S. C. to Havana, was totally lost on Abaco on the 15th ult. Officers and crew saved. A VALUABLE DOG, belonging to a gentleman of Gettysburgh, Pa. a few days since, fell into a well which was fifteen feet deep to the water. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 21.-On Sunday last, Messrs. A rope was thrown to him, which he immedi-navigation of the Alleghany from Pittsburg to Olean Watson and Pim, the owners of the Lord Blayney sent out a steamboat to examine the banks and shoretely seized with his mouth, and held on, until near which she was lost, and if possible to pick up be was hoisted to the top in safety--[Phila. part of the wreck. Not a single article of any kind||Daily Adv.] Dreadful Shipwreck. Mr. Galbraith presented a memorial of a Conven. tion of Delegates from Pennsylvania and New York assembled at Warrenton, (Pa.) on the 24th ult. pray. ing Congress to provide for the improvement of the Point--also a petition from inhabitants of Pennsylva. nia to the same effect-referred to the Committee on Roads and Canals. Mr. Turrilla petition for an appropriation for the improvement of the harbor of Sackett's Harbor; and Mr. Day-from the inhabitants of Cayuga county New York.-Isaac Adriance, John G. Atterbury, to improve the navigation at the entrance of Little Timothy P. Bruger, John Boyd, William H. Bogar. John's Bay, Lake Ontario--referred to the Committee dus, Isaac O. Barker, John T. Barten, Horton H. Buron Commerce. could be found, and the steamer returned into port Appointments by the Governor and Sonate, Feb. Mr. Sloane, a petition of inhabitants of Buffalo, and of inhabitants of Detroit, for an appropriation for the construction of a harbor at the mouth of Chagrin river, Lake Erie. Mr. Lyon presented a memorial of a general Con. vestion of delegates held at Jonesville, the 6th ulti. mo, for the purpose of adopting measures preparato ry to opening a communication between Lakes Erie and Michigan, by means of a Railroad across the peninsula between those Lakes; praying that a route for eaid Railroad may be surveyed by United States Engineers; and that Congress will make an appro. priation to aid its construction-which were appropriately referred. &c. by the bank to the Government; and to this bank, it must be absolute and unconditional custody the bank has a just right, unless such in all other respects; because, it is obvious, causes have arisen as may have justified the if there be any limitation, that limitation is Secretary in giving an order and direction imposed as much for the benefit of the bank for changing that custody. Any order or as for the security of the country. The direction, therefore issued under the provis. bank has contracted for the keeping of the ions of this law, necessarily involves a con- public moneys, and paid for it, as for a sideration of the just extent of the Secreta- privilege or benefit. It has agreed, at the same time, that the Secretary shall possess ry's power and of the rights of the bank. But Congress, in making this provision, the power of removal; but then, it is also aunquestionably had in view the safety of the greed, that whenever this power is exercised, public funds, and certain important finan- the reasons therefor shall be reported to Mr. Hazeltine-the petition of sundry inhabitants cial objects, as well as the making of a just Congress; Congress being thus constituted of Chatauque, Cattaraugus, and Erie, for an appro. priation to be made for the construction of a beacon consideration to the bank, for the sum paid, the final judge, as well of the rights of the light at the mouth of Silver Creek harbor, on Lake and the services undertaken by it; and with bank, in this particular, as of the good of the Eric--which was referred to the committee having this view, also, it has expressed its will, that country. So that if the Secretary's power charge of the bill for the construction of light houses, the deposites shall continue to be made in be in truth absolute and unconditional, it the bank, until good cause shall arise for restrains Congress from judging whether the ordering otherwise. Of this good cause, the public good is injured by the removal, just as Secretary of the Treasury, in the first in- much as it restrains it from judging whe. stance, and Congress, ultimately and conclu.ther the rights of the bank are injured by the sively, is constituted the judge. Every or- removal; because the limitation, if any, is der, therefore, of the Secretary for changing equally for the security of the bank and of the deposites presents for the examination of the public. Congress, a question of general political pro. priety and expediency, as well as a question of right and obligation to the bank. Report of the Committee on Finance on the Removal of the Public Deposites, in the Senate of the U. S., Feb. 5, 1834. THE Committee on Finance, to whom was referred the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, of 3d of December, 1833, on the removal of the public deposites from the Bank of the United States, and a resolution, submitted to the Senate by an honorable member from Kentucky, declaring that the These questions may be considered to reasons assigned by the Secretary for the gether. They are intimately connected; removal of the said deposites, are unsatisfac- because the right of the bank to retain the tory and insufficient, have agreed on the fol-deposites, and to enjoin the advantages to be lowing report: The act incorporating the Bank of the United States, as is justly remarked by the Secretary, is a contract containing stipulations on the part of the Government, and on the part of the corporation, entered into for full and adequate consideration. It If the bank is interested in retaining the deposites, then it is interested in the truth or falsity, in the sufficiency or unsufficiency, of the reason given for their removal. Espe. cially is it so interested, since these reasons are to be rendered to a tribunal which is to judge over the Secretary, and may form a derived therefrom, cannot be denied, unless different opinion on the validity of these rea a case is shown to have arisen within the just sons, and may reverse his decision. power of removal, vested in the Secretary, clearly has an interest in retaining the depo. and which made it his duty to exercise sites, and therefore is as clearly concerned that power. The Secretary is only to re- in the reasons which the Secretary may move the deposites for reasons. Of these give for their removal. And as he is bound reasons he is to give an account to Con- to give reasons, this very circumstance shows The Government became party to this congress; if they be insufficient to justify the that his authority is not absolute and uncontract by granting the charter, and the stock- removal, the bank has a right to a return of ditional. Because, how can an appeal be holders by accepting it. "In consideration," the deposites, and the country has a right given from the decision of an absolute pow. says the charter, "of the exclusive privile- also, to expect that, in that case, the public er; and how can such a power be called on ges and benefits conferred by this act on the treasure will be restored to its former place to give reasons for any instance of its exer. said bank, the president and directors there- of safety. cise? If it be absolute, its only reason is a of shall pay to the United States, out of the The Secretary having removed the depos-reference to its own will. corporate funds thereof, one million and five lites, and having reported his reasons to both The committee think, therefore, that no hundred thousand dollars, in three equal Houses, the whole subject is now before absolute and unconditional power was conpayments;" and in another section, it de- Congress, by way of appeal from his decis-fered on the Secretary; that no authority was clares that "during the continuance of this ion; and the question is, whether that de- given him by which he could deprive the act, and whenever required by the Secrecision ought to stand, or ought to be re-bank of the custody of the public moneys tary of the Treasury, the said corporation versed. without reason; and that therefore, his opin. shall give the necessary facilities for trans- The power of the Secretary under the ion is not to be admitted; that in no event ferring the public funds from place to place, law, is evidently but provisional. It is a can any order for removing the deposites imwithin the United States or the Territories power which he may exercise in the first in-pair the right secured to the bank by the thereof, and for distributing the same in pay-stance, but the propriety of his conduct, in charter. If removed without good cause, the ment of the public creditors, without charg-every instance, of its exercise, is ultimately committee think the removal does impair the ing commissions, or claiming allowance on referred to the wisdom of Congress, and by rigths of the bank. account of difference of exchange; and shall Congress it must be judged. He is authori. But the opinion of the Secretary as to his do and perform the several respective duties sed to do the act, but Congress is to exam-own powers, is hardly more limited in reof the commissioners of loans for the several ine it when done, and to confirm or reverse spect to the Government and the country, States, or any one or more of them, when-it. The Secretary may change the depo- than in regard to the rights of the bank. ever required by law." sites, but when changed, Congress is to de- His opinion is, that it is his duty, and The section immediately following this cide on the causes of such change, with within his authority, in this view, also to provision, is in these words: And be it fur-authority either to sanction the removal, or withdraw the deposites of the public money ther enacted, That the deposites of the mo- to restore the deposites, according to its own from the bank, whenever such a change ney of the United States, in places in which judgment of right and expediency. would, in any degree, promote the public in. the said bank and branches thereof may be In order to decide whether the act of the terest. "The safety of the deposites," he established, shall be made in said bank or Secretary ought to be confirmed, it is requi-says, "the ability of the bank to meet its branches, unless the Secretary of the Treas- site in the first place, to form a just opinion engagements, its fidelity in the performance ury shall at any time, otherwise order and of the true extent of his power, under the of its obligations, are only a part of the condirect; in which case the Secretary of the law; and, in the second place, to consider siderations by which his judgment must be Treasury shall immediately lay before Con- the validity of the reasons which he has spe-guided. The general interest and conve. gress, if in session, and if not, immediately cially assigned for the exercise of that pow-nience of the people must regulate his conafter the commencement of the next session, er, in the present case. the reasons for such order or direction." duct." The opinion of the Secretary is, that his By the general interest and convenience It is not to be denied or rebutted, that this power over the deposites, so far as respects of the people, the Secretary can only mean, custody of the public deposites was one of the rights of the bank, is not limited to any of course, his own sense of that interest and the "benefits" conferred on the bank by the particular contingencies, but is absolute and convenience; because they are not other. charter, in consideration of the money paid, unconditional. If it be absolute and uncon-wise to be ascertained than by his own judg. and the services undertaken to be performed ditional, so far as respects the rights of thellment. In this interpretation of the design and object of the law, and this broad construction of the Secretary's power, the committee cau not concur. The government is proprietor of seven millions of the stock of the bank, and yet no authority is given to the Secretary to sell this stock under any circumstances whatever, or in any other way to interfere with it. The Secretary's construction of the law intended to delegate, this extraordinary pow. opinion. They think that if such had been is therefore, that he has power to remove the er of judging of the general interest of the the design of the law, its provisions would have deposites, whenever, for any reason, he people, to the Secretary of the Treasury. been different from those which it does actualthinks the public good requires it. Such a power, did he possess it, would ne ly contain. cessarily make him the general superintend- If such general guardianship had been intenent of all the proceedings of the bank-be-sonable to believe that he would have been vesded to be conferred on the Secretary, it is reacause it would enable him to compel the ted with powers more suitable to such a high bank to conform all its operations to his plea- trust. If he had been made, or intended to be Although the power of the Secretary is sure, under penalty of suffering a removal made, general inspector or superintendent, othnot restricted by any express words or terms, of the public moneys. This would be little er authority than merely that of removing the nor by any particular occasions for its exer- less than placing all the substantial power of deposites, would have been given him, for this cise, specially and expressly designated or managing the bank, in his hands. But he is plain reason, that the government and the counprescribed by the law, yet it is not to be ad-not by law its manager, nor one of its mana-try have interests of much magnitude connectmitted, as the committee think, that this pow.gers-nor has he any right, in any form, to in-ed with the bank, besides the deposites of the er is to be exercised capriciously, or in an terfere in its management. On the contrary, public monies in its vaults, and to which interarbitrary manner, or for loose or conjectural the very language of the charter rejects all would bring no security. ests if endangered, the removal of the deposites reasons, or on any idea of an unlimited dis-idea of such general supervision over its cretion, vested in the Secretary, to judge on concerns by him, or any other officer of the general question of the public welfare; or, government. That language is, that "for indeed, on any other grounds than those of the management of the affairs of the corporanecessity, or plain and manifest expedience, tion, there shall be twenty-five directors an. directly connected with the subject over nually chosen ;" and, under the restrictions which the power. exists. contained in the charter, these directors are The keeping of the public money is not a entrusted with the whole general business of matter which is left, or was intended to be the bank, subject, of course, to all the proleft at the will of the Secretary, or any other visions of the charter and the by-laws; subofficer of the Government. This public ject, too, always, to the inspection and exmoney has a place fixed by law, and settled amination of either house of Congress; sub. by contract: and this place is the Bank of the||ject always to regular inquiry and trial, and How is it possible to conceive that, if ConUnited States. In this place it is to remain, bound always to communicate to the head gress intended to give to the Secretary a geneuntil some event occur requiring its remov. of the treasury department, on request, state-ral right to judge of the operations and proceeal. To remove it, therefore, from this placements of its amount of stock, debts due, mo- declare when it had violated its duty, and was dings of the bank, and a power, of course, to without the occurrence of just cause, is to neys deposited, notes in circulation, and spe- no longer trustworthy, it should yet leave him thwart the end and design of the law, defeat cie on hand. under an absolute obligation to receive its bills and notes in all payments to the Treasury, though they might have lost all credit, and place no means in his hands to execute his high authority of superintendent, except the mere power of removal. The bill and notes of the bank, too, are made until Congress shall otherwise order: and no receivable in all payments to the United States power is given to the Secretary to prevent their being so received, either during the session of Congress, or in its recess, however the credit of these bills and notes might become depreciated. the will of Congress, and violate the con- Under these restrictions, the establishment tract into which the Government has solemn of its offices, and the appointment of its offi. ly entered. cers, the amount of its discounts and every It is fit to be observed, that no other law thing respecting those discounts; its pur. confers on the Secretary such a wide discre-chases and sales of exchange, and all other tlon over the public interests, in regard to concerns of the institution, are to be conWherever it is clear that Congress has given any subject, or gives him a power to act on ducted and managed by the directors. There the Secretary a power, it has given him the means of informing his judgment as to the prothe rights of others, or on the rights of the is nothing in the charter, giving the slightest public, in part of his official duties, with so authority to the Secretary to decide, as be- priety of exercising that power. He has power to remove the deposites, and ample means unlimited an authority as is here asserted.tween the bank on the one hand, and the are afforded him by which he may learn, from Every where else, he appears in the charac-government or the people on the other, time to time, whether those deposites are safe. ter of a limited and restricted agent. He is whether the general management of the di- For this purpose, it is expressly made the duthe financial officer of the government; he rectors is wise or unwise, or whether in re-ty of the bank to furnish him, so often as he is the head of the department of the treasu-gard to matters not connected with the depo. shall require, if not oftener than once a week, ry. His duty is, to report annually to Con-sites, it has or has not violated the condition with a statement of the amount of the capital gress the state of the finances, and to com- of its charter.-The statement which the stock of the corporation, of the debts due to it, municate to either house, when requested, bank is bound to make to the Secretary, he circulation, and specie on hand, and he has a of the moneys deposited in it, of its notes in any information respecting the Treasury; may lay before Congress; and he is doubt-right to inspect the general accounts, in the and he is to superintend the collection of the less bound, by his official duty, to communi-books of the bank, relating to this statement. revenue. But he has no authority over the cate to Congress any other information in This statement enables him to judge of the solcirculating medium of the country, either his possession, tending, in his judgment, to vency and stability of the bank, and of the metallic or paper, nor has he the control of show that the bank has disregarded its char- safety of the public money deposited in it.the national currency. It is no part of his ter, or failed to fulfil all or any of its duties. Here, then, is a power, and all appropriate duty either to contract or expand the circula- But here his authority, so far as it regards cise of that power. Confined to the deposites, means given for the just and enlightened exertion of bank paper, nor in any other way to the general course and operations of the the power is accompanied with all rational auxexercise a general superintendence over the bank, ends. It is then for Congress to act, iliaries and attendants. money system of the country. These gene. if it see occasion, and to adopt the regular But for the depreciation of the bills of the ral interests of the government and the peo-remedies, for any evils which it may sup-bank, should that happen, and for other cases of ple are not confided to his hands by any of pose to exist. But it transcends the power maladministration, Congress has provided just the laws which created his office, and have of Congress itself to pronounce the charter and appropriate remedies, to be applied by itprescribed his duties-and the committee are violated, without hearing, without trial, self or others, in exclusion of the Secretary.of opinion, that the charter of the bank no without judgment, far less is any such power, For redress of these evils, no power is given to more intended to give such a wide scope to of pronouncing final judgment confided to For the security of the public interest, the the Secretary, in regard to the deposites, the Secretary. His power simply is, that in law reserves a right to either House of Conthan other laws intended to give him the same regard to the deposites of the public money, gress, to inquire at all times, into the proceedwide scope, in respect to other duties of his he is to judge, in the first instance, whe-ings of the bank, and if, on such inquiry, it office. No intimation of such intention is ther just cause has arisen for their removal. appears in any respect to have violated its found, either in the charter itself or in any The Secretary seems to suppose, indeed the charter, Congress may bring it to trial and of the legislative debates which took place very basis of his argument assumes, that the judgment. Power is given to the President, in both Houses when the bank was estab- law has confided to him a general guardianship also, to institute judicial proceedings, if he lished—or in the discussions which have been over the public welfare, so far as that welfare shall have reason to believe that any such viohad on the various occasions which have is in any way connected with the bank, or lia-lation has taken place. But no such power is been more recently presented for calling he holds the power of the removing the depoble to be affected by its proceedings; and that given to the Secretary. The proposition, then, cannot be maintained, forth the sentiment of Congress. In none sites as the means, or instrument by which that Congress has relied, for the security of the of these sources, is there to be found any he is to enforce his own opinions respecting public interest, and the preservation of the ge proof that the legislature has delegated, or that welfare. The committee do not adopt this neral welfare, so far as it is connected with the him. |