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STATISTICS OF OPERATIONS.

Pensions were granted as from January 1, 1909, and first payments were to be made on that date in cases where the right thereto had been established. A partial report of the first quarter's operations shows that preliminary steps were taken for putting the law into effect in the latter part of August, 1908, and that by the end of December more than 5,000 appeals had been received, action on these forming the main part of the work of the board under the act. The number of appeals in the month of January, 1909, was 3,298; in February, 955; and in March, up to the 27th, 650, making a total up to that date of 10,068 appeals. Of these, 8,273 had been acted on at the time of the report and 702 withdrawn, found invalid on account of delay in submission, etc. During the following year (up to March 31, 1910), 5,662 appeals were received, of which 5,412 were decided, while 250 were withdrawn, etc. Among the 13,685 cases decided during the entire period the questions most frequently submitted were as to means, 6,422, and the receipt of poor relief, 4,626. In 1,326 cases the question of age was raised; in 613 that of residence, and in 424 that of nationality.

In the first few months more than 400,000 cases of persons who had attained the age of 70 before January 1, 1909, had to be dealt with by the committees, the number of pensions payable on March 26, 1909, being 369,037 in England and 24,663 in Wales, or a total of 393,700 out of a total for the United Kingdom of 647,494. On March 31, 1910, this total amounted to 699,352, of which 414,108 were in England and 27,381 in Wales.

It was estimated that £1,200,000 ($5,839,800) would be required to initiate the system and carry it on for the first three months, January 1 to March 31, 1909. Of this sum £133,000 ($647,244) was for expenses of administration, and £1,067,000 ($5,192,556) for pensions. By February 28, 1909, the sum of £1,269,531 11s. 9d. ($6,178,175) had been expended, the excess having been advanced from other funds. An additional sum of £910,000 ($4,428,515 was thereupon appropriated. Not all of this was expended, however, the total pension payments for the quarter, including £71 16s. ($349) paid irregularly but subsequently authorized, being £1,904,723 5s. ($9,269,336); this with the amount spent for administration, £121,599 17s. 11d. ($591,766), made the total cost of the system for the quarter £2,026,323 2 s. 11 d. ($9,861,102).

The appropriation for the fiscal year ending March 31, 1910, was £8,750,000 ($42,581,875), £50,000 ($243,325) of which was for administration, leaving £8,700,000 ($42,338,550) as the sum actually to be paid as pensions. The large diminution in the amount for administration is to be explained by the fact that the inauguration of the system involved expenses that were not continuing.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

GENERAL.

Abstracts of Labor Statistics of the United Kingdom.

Statistical Abstract for the United Kingdom.

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1825 to 1888.

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TRADE UNIONS.

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GOVERNMENT INSURANCES AND ANNUITIES.

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CHAPTER VII.

WORKMEN'S INSURANCE IN ITALY.

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