v. Whatever shall be acted or done by the college, in regard to public affairs, the custos fhall refer it to the community to the purpose of having it established for ever

VI. The general afsembly fhall be called by the custos, at least twice in winter, within doors, to the purpose of hearing what there is to be said, and ex amining what has been done; but for the purpose of rehearsing the poems, or difsertations of the fhepherds who are present, six times in the year, once for those of the absent, during the vacancies of spring and summer, in the Parrhasian grove in the open airt.

VII. Evil and satirical verses, obscene, superstitious, and impious writings, fhall not be repeated ‡.

VIII. In the assembly, and in treating the affairs of Arcadia, the pastoral customs fhall be always used'; but in the poetical, or in the prose compositions, as far only as the subject will allow it ||.

IX. Nothing fhall be printed with the Arcadian name without leave from the public §.

rebus bifariam dispertiuntor, quique partem dimidiam exsuperat numerus justus esto; si paria fuant iterantor; deinceps res sorti committitor.

v. Quidquid per collegium de rebus communibus actum gestumveTM fuat quo perpetuo ratum siet ad commune refertor.

tvi. Coetus universus relationibus audiundis, actisque cognoscundis hyeme saltem bis in ædibus; carminibus autem, aut orationibus pronunciandis, presentium quidem pastorum per annum sexies, absentium semel, vernis et æstivis feriis in nemus Parrhasivin per custodem sub dio con-

vocator.

VII. Mala Carmina, et famosa, obscoena, superstitiosa, impiave scripta ne pronunciantor.

VIII. In coetu et rebus Arcadicis pastoritius mos perpetuo, in carminibus autem, et orationibus quantum res fert adhibetor.

§1x. Arcadico nomine typis injufsu publico nequid editor,

x. As many denominations as there are of Arcadian lands, as many shall be the shepherds and the pastoral names: when any is deceased or expelled, another fhall take his place*.

SANCTION.

If any person acts, fhall, or fhould act, against these laws, or fhall hinder any one from acting according to them, he fhall be immediately expelled from Arcadia, and his name thall be erased by the custode, in the presence of the colleagues.

If any thing in these laws should be found obscure, or intricate, or not understood, the right of interpreting or supplying shall belong to the community of the Arcadians, after having consulted the most experienced amongst the shepherds according to the custom of our ancestors; and whatever shall be decreed, or judged, fhall be carefully preserved by the custos; nor shall it be introduced in the tables of the laws. It fhall not be permitted to any one to introduce new laws.

Alphesiboeus Caryus, custos, thus requested the general afsembly: May it be your will and your command, O! Arcadians, that what is comprehended and ordered in these laws, for the government of our community, shall be, by common authority and command, deemed firm and established for ever.

And that the shepherds from hence forth fhall be bound by them for ever; so that whoever after

*x. Quot praediorum Arcadicorum tituli totidem pastores, pastorumque nomina sunto, inque mortui aut ex puncti locum alius sufficitor.

this fhall be received into Arcadia, fhall be obliged, as by oath, to the obedience of these laws *.

The general assembly agreed.

In the third year of the six hundred and eighteenth olympiad; the second year of the second olympiad from the restoration of Arcadia, a joyful day for evert.

Before the assembly retired they wisely decreed, to dedicate and consecrate their laws to the pope as prince of the country who was then pope Innocent XII. By decree of the general afsembly.

To Innocent XII. most good, and most high pontif, moderator of the world, defender of divine and human rights, Arcadia dedicates and consecrates her laws +.

'SANCTIO.

Si quis adversus h. 1. facit, faxit, fecerit; quique facit, faxit, feceritve quo minus quis secundum h. 1. faceret, fecifsetve, facturusve siet confestim exarcas esto, ejusque nomen coram collegio per custodem inducitor.

Si quid in his legibus obscurum perplexumve siet, sive comprehensum non siet, communi Arcadum, consultis peritioribus inter pastores, more majorum, interpretandi, supplendique jus esto; quodque decretum judicatumve siet penes custodem adservator; in legem tabulas ne redigitor. Nulli novas leges ferre fas esto.

Alphesiboeus Caryus/custos coetum universum ita rogavit. Velitis jubeatis Arcades ut, quæ in his legibus ad nostri communis regimen comprehensa prescriptaque sunt, authoritate jufsuque communi justa rata firma perpetuo sient. Iisdemque pastores posthac omnes perpetuo teneantur, ut quicumque Arcadicum deinceps nomen adsums erit obstrictus H. L. veluti sacramento siet.

COETUS UNIVERSUS SCIVIT. Olympiad. DCXVIII. ann. iii, ab A. 1, olympiad 11. ann. ii. die perpetuo laeta.

Ex COETUS UNIVERSI CONSULTO.

Innocentio x11. pontifici optimo maximo moderatori orbis terrarums -divini, humanique juris tutelæ suas Arcadia leges dicat consecratque.

ESSAY ON DELICACY OF SENTIMENT.

For the Bee.

Oh! teach us,-yet unspoil'd by wealth!
That secret rare, between th' extremes to move,
Of mad good nature, and of mean self love.

POPE.

THE character of delicacy of sentiment, so esteemed at present, seems to have been unknown to the ancients. It is certainly a great refinement on humanity. Refinements are never attended to in the earlier ages, when the occupations of war, and the wants of unimproved life, leave little opportunity, and lefs inclination, for fanciful enjoyments. Danger and distrels require strength of mind, and necefsarily exclude an attention to those delicacies, which, while they please, infallibly enervate.

That tendernesfs which is amiable in a state of perfect civilization, is despised as a weakness among unpolished nations. Shocked at the smallest circumstances which are disagreeable, it cannot support the idea of danger and alarm. So far from exercising the cruelties which are sometimes politically necefsary in a rude state, it starts with horror from the sight, and at the description of them. It delights in the calm occupations of rural life, and would gladly resign the spear and the fhield for the shepherd's crook and the lover's garland. But in an unformed community, where constant danger requires constant défence, those dispositions which delight in retirement and ease will be treated with general contempt; and no temper of mind which is despised will be long epidemical.

VOL. X.

C C

+

The ancient Greeks and Romans were the most civilized people on the earth. They, however, were unacquainted with that extreme delicacy of sentiment which is become so universally prevalent in modern times. Perhaps some reasonable causes may be afsigned. The stoic philosophy endeavoured to introduce a total apathy, and, though it was not embraced, in all its rigidity, by the vulgar, yet it had a sufficient number of votaries to diffuse a general taste for an insensibility of temper. It perhaps originally meant no more than to teach men to govern their affections by the dictates of reason; but as a natural want of feeling produced the same effects as a ra- · tional regulation of the passions, it soon passed among the vulgar for what it could lay no claim to, a philosophical indifference.

It

That respectful attention to women, which in modern times is called gallantry, was not to be found among the ancients. Women were looked upon as inferior beings, whose only duty was to contribute to pleasure, and superintend domestic economy. was not till the days of chivalry that men fhowed that desire of pleasing the softer sex, which seems to allow them a superiority. This deference to women refines the manners and softens the temper; and it is no wonder that the ancients, who admitted no women to their social conversations, fhould acquire a roughness of manners incompatible with delicacy of sentiment.

Men who acted, thought, and spoke, like the ancients, were unquestionably furnished, by nature, with every feeling in great perfection. But their mode of education