Of that alluring fruit, urg'd me so keen. About the mossy trunk I wound me soon, For high from ground the branches would require Thy utmost reach, or Adam's: round the tree All other beasts that saw, with like desire Longing and envying stood, but could not reach. Amid the tree now got, where plenty hung Tempting so nigh, to pluck and eat my fill I spar'd not, for such pleasure till that hour At feed or fountain never had I found. Sated at length, ere long I might perceive Strange alteration in me, to degree
Of reason in my inward powers, and speech Wanted not long, though to this shape retain'd. Thenceforth to speculations high or deep
I turn'd my thoughts, and with capacious mind Consider'd all things visible in heaven,
Or earth, or middle, all things fair and good: But all that fair and good in thy divine Semblance, and in thy beauty's heavenly ray, United I beheld; no fair to thine Equivalent or second! which compell'd Me thus, though importune perhaps, to come And gaze, and worship thee, of right declar'd Sov'reign of creatures, universal dame."
So talk'd the spirited sly snake; and Eve, Yet more amaz'd, unwary thus replied: "Serpent, thy overpraising leaves in doubt The virtue of that fruit, in thee first prov'd: But say, where grows the tree, from hence how far? For many are the trees of God that grow In Paradise, and various, yet unknown To us; in such abundance lies our choice, As leaves a greater store of fruit untouch'd, Still hanging incorruptible, till men
Grow up to their provision, and more hands Help to disburden Nature of her birth.”
To whom the wily adder, blithe and glad : "Empress, the way is ready, and not long ; Beyond a row of myrtles, on a flat,
Fast by a fountain, one small thicket pass'd
Of blowing myrrh and balm; if thou accept My conduct, I can bring thee thither soon.' "Lead then," said Eve. He leading, swiftly roll'd In tangles, and made intricate seem straight, To mischief swift. Hope elevates, and joy Brightens his crest; as when a wand'ring fire, Compact of unctuous vapour, which the night Condenses, and the cold environs round, Kindled through agitation to a flame, Which oft, they say, some evil spirit attends, Hovering and blazing with delusive light, Misleads th' amaz'd night-wand'rer from his way, Thro' bogs and mires, and oft thro' pond or pool, There swallow'd up and lost, from succour far. So glister'd the dire snake, and into fraud Led Eve, our credulous mother, to the tree Of prohibition, root of all our woe;
Which when she saw, thus to her guide she spake : "Serpent, we might have spar'd our coming hither, Fruitless to me, though fruit be here to' excess, The credit of whose virtue rest with thee, Wondrous indeed, if cause of such effects. But of this tree we may not taste nor touch: God so commanded, and left that command Sole daughter of his voice; the rest, we live Law to ourselves, our reason is our law."
To whom the tempter guilefully replied: "Indeed! hath God then said that of the fruit Of all these garden trees ye shall not eat, Yet lords declar'd of all in earth or air?"
To whom thus Eve, yet sinless: "Of the fruit Of each tree in the garden we may eat, But of the fruit of this fair tree, amidst The garden, God hath said, 'Ye shall not eat Thereof, nor shall ye touch it, lest ye die.'”
She scarce had said, though brief, when now more The tempter, but with show of zeal and love [bold, To man, and indignation at his wrong, New part puts on, and as to passion mov'd, Fluctuates disturb'd, yet comely, and in act Rais'd, as of some great matter to begin.
As when of old some orator renown'd, In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause address'd, Stood in himself collected, while each part, Motion, each act, won audience ere the tongue, Sometimes in height began, as no delay
Of preface brooking, through his zeal of right; So standing, moving, or to height up-grown, The tempter, all impassion'd, thus began:
"O sacred, wise, and wisdom-giving plant, Mother of science! now I feel thy power Within me clear, not only to discern
Things in their causes, but to trace the ways Of highest agents, deem'd however wise. Queen of this universe! do not believe Those rigid threats of death: ye shall not die; How should ye? by the fruit? it gives you life To knowledge: by the Threat'ner? look on me, Me who have touch'd and tasted, yet both live, And life more perfect have attain'd than fate Meant me, by vent'ring higher than my lot. Shall that be shut to man, which to the beast Is open? or will God incense his ire For such a petty trespass, and not praise Rather your dauntless virtue, whom the pain Of death denounc'd, whatever thing death be, Deterr'd not from achieving what might lead To happier life, knowledge of good and evil? Of good, how just; of evil, if what is evil Be real, why not known, since easier shunn'd? God therefore cannot hurt ye, and be just; Not just, not God; nor fear'd then, nor obey'd: Your fear itself of death removes the fear. Why then was this forbid? Why but to awe? Why but to keep you low and ignorant, His worshippers? He knows that in the day Ye eat thereof, your eyes that seem so clear, Yet are but dim, shall perfectly be then Open'd and clear'd, and ye shall be as gods, Knowing both good and evil as they know. That ye shall be as gods, since I as man,
is but proportion meet;
I, of brute human, ye, of human, gods. So ye shall die perhaps, by putting off
Human, to put on gods; death to be wish'd Though threaten'd, which no worse than this can bring.
And what are gods that man may not become As they, participating godlike food?
The gods are first, and that advantage use On our belief, that all from them proceeds. I question it; for this fair earth I see, Warm'd by the sun, producing every kind, Them nothing: if they all things, who enclos'd Knowledge of good and evil in this tree That whoso eats thereof, forthwith attains Wisdom without their leave? and wherein lies Th' offence, that man should thus attain to know? What can your knowledge hurt him, or this tree Impart against his will, if all be his?
Or is it envy, and can envy dwell
In heavenly breasts? These, these, and many more Causes import your need of this fair fruit. Goddess humane, reach then, and freely taste."
He ended, and his words replete with guile, Into her heart too easy entrance won.
Fix'd on the fruit she gaz'd, which to behold Might tempt alone, and in her ears the sound Yet rung of his persuasive words, impregn'd With reason, to her seeming, and with truth. Meanwhile the hour of noon drew on, and wak'd An eager appetite, rais'd by the smell
So savoury of that fruit, which with desire, Inclinable now grown to touch or taste, Solicited her longing eye; yet first
Pausing awhile, thus to herself she mus'd:
"Great are thy virtues, doubtless, best of fruits, Though kept from man, and worthy to' be admir'd, Whose taste, too long forborne, at first assay Gave elocution to the mute, and taught
The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise: Thy praise he also, who forbids thy use,
Conceals not from us, naming thee the tree Of knowledge, knowledge both of good and evil: Forbids us then to taste, but his forbidding Commends thee more, while it infers the good By thee communicated, and our want: For good unknown, sure is not had, or had And yet unknown, is as not had at all. In plain then, what forbids he but to know, Forbids us good, forbids us to be wise? Such prohibitions bind not. But if death Bind us with after-bands, what profits then Our inward freedom? In the day we eat Of this fair fruit, our doom is, we shall die. How dies the serpent? he hath eaten and lives, And knows, and speaks, and reasons, and discerns, Irrational till then. For us alone
Was death invented? or to us denied
This intellectual food, for beasts reserv'd? For beasts it seems; yet that one beast, which first Hath tasted, envies not, but brings with joy The good befallen him, author unsuspect, Friendly to man, far from deceit or guile. What fear I then? rather what know to fear Under this ignorance of good and evil, Of God or death, of law or penalty? Here grows the cure of all, this fruit divine, Fair to the eye, inviting to the taste,
Of virtue to make wise; what binders then To reach, and feed at once both body' and mind?" So saying, her rash band in evil hour
Forth reaching to the fruit, she pluck'd, she ate ! Earth felt the wound, and Nature from her seat, Sighing through all her works, gave signs of woe That all was lost. Back to the thicket slunk The guilty serpent, and well might; for Eve, Intent now wholly on her taste, nought else Regarded; such delight till then, as seem'd, In fruit she never tasted, whether true Or fancied so, through expectation high
Of knowledge; nor was Godhead from her thought. Greedily she ingorg'd without restraint,
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