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But if there be those who desire to learn how genius inspired by virtue can speak of holy wedlock, let them turn to the epic of Milton, and behold the mysteries of nature unfolded with all the chaste sublimity of christian eloquence.

illusions of vice under the seemly garb of virtue, de- la man without love; and if a man be weary of the serve to be accursed of God and man. How few works wise discourses of the apostles, and of the innocency of are there of a light character in English literature which an even and private fortune, or hates peace or a fruitful a virtuous woman may safely read? Yet, be it men-year, he hath reaped thorns and thistles from the tioned to the enduring honor of the author of Waverley, choicest flowers of paradise; for nothing can sweeten that in the whole series of his romances there is not felicity itself but love. No man can tell, but he that perhaps a single passage, which, in the hour of disso- loves his children, how many delicious accents make a lution, he could have wished obliterated. man's heart dance in the pretty conversation of those dear pledges: their childishness, their stammering, their little angers, their innocence, their necessities, are so many little emanations of joy and comfort to him that delights in their persons and society. But he that loves not his wife and children feeds a lioness at home, and broods a nest of sorrows, and blessing itself cannot make him happy; so that all the commandments of God enjoining a man to love his wife, are nothing but so many necessities and capacities of joy. She that is loved is safe, and he that loves is joyful. The wife should partake secretly, and in her heart, of all her husband's joys and sorrows, and believe him comely and fair though the sun hath drawn a cypress over him. She that hath a wise husband must entice him to an eternal dearness, by the veil of modesty and the grave robes of chastity, the ornament of meekness, and the jewels of faith and charity: her brightness must be purity, and she must shine round about with sweetnesses and friendship, and she shall be pleasant while she lives,

of the bliss of wedded life, and of the dependance of the happiness of man upon the purity and excellence of woman; and it is into this garden of bliss, to corrupt and poison everything around, that the immoral writer would crawl, like another serpent, to tempt the virtue of the daughters of Eve.

To what causes shall we attribute the depraved taste of the present generation, and the morbid appetite for intellectual and moral excitement? Whither has fled the Anglo-Saxon solidity of our character, and to what are we indebted for the frivolous levity of the age? The shadowy genius of German mysticism seems to have impregned our literature; and the perverted, unnatural, unhallowed sentiments of Byron, the filthy puling of Moore, and the deliberate seduction of Bulwer, seem to have banished all taste for the ease and elegance of Addison, the dramatic sublimity of Shakspeare, the surpassing purity of Milton, and the touching eloquence of the Bible. And the old English writers with all their Saxon vigor, how are they neglected! How beautifully has Bishop Taylor, in his sermon upon mar-and desired when she dies. Such is a touching sketch riage, shadowed forth the immense consequence to man of the unsullied purity of woman? In that discourse his chaste and eloquent sentiments find their way directly to the heart. Marriage, he says, is a school and exercise of virtue; and though marriage hath cares, yet the single life hath desires, which are more troublesome and more dangerous, and often end in sin, while But we must conclude. How much of the literary the cares are but instances of duty and exercises of fame of Byron and Bulwer is to be attributed to advenpiety; and therefore if single life have more privacy of titious circumstances; of Byron to his title and of Buldevotion, yet marriage hath more necessities, and is an wer to his clique? Why should we on this side of the exercise of more graces. Marriage is the proper scene Atlantic, in the infancy of a literature struggling into of piety and patience, of the duty of parents, and the life against the jealousy and overpowering opposition charity of relations; here kindness is spread abroad, and of European writers, join in the senseless cry of defalove is united and made firm as a centre. Marriage is mation against our own countrymen, which is raised by the nursery of heaven. The virgin sends prayers to venal and selfish pamphleteers? Virtue alone can lead God, but she carries only one soul to him; but the to substantial fame; and while the English writers are state of marriage fills up the number of the elect, and viciously and dangerously corrupt, American authors, hath in it the labor of love, and the delicacies of friend-animated by a pure ambition, will gather no renown at ship, the blessing of society, and the union of hands and hearts. It hath in it less of beauty, but more safety than the single life; it has more care, but less danger; it is more merry and more sad, is fuller of sorrows and faller of joys. It lies under more burdens, but is supported by all the strengths of love and charity, and those burdens are delightful. Marriage is the mother of the world, and preserves kingdoms, and fills cities, and churches, and heaven itself. Celibate, like the fly in the heart of an apple, dwells in a perpetual sweetness, but sits alone, and is confined and dies in singularity; but marriage, like the useful bee, builds a house, and gathers sweetness from every flower, and labors and unites into societies and republics, and sends out colonies, and feeds the world with delicacies, and obeys their king and keeps order, and exercises many virtues, and promotes the interest of mankind, and is that state of good things to which God hath designed the present constitution of the world. There is nothing can please

the price of virtue. And whatever station may be assigned them in the temple of fame by a perverse generation, will matter little to those, who, in addition to the warm approbation of every upright heart, will carry with them into the evening of life the consoling reflection, that those signal attainments which are theirs for high and holy purposes, have been successfully devoted to the advancement of morals and the best interests of man. He who, in a corrupt age, has disdained to turn aside even for a moment, from the rude pathway of virtue, to build up a fleeting reputation amid the ruins of morality and virtue, will be remembered and read long after those enemies of mankind, who now shed a baleful influence in society, shall have passed away, like those noxious lights, which can only exist in a state of impurity and putrescence.

In conformity with the principles which we have endeavored to establish in relation to the perversity of the moral faculty in man, we already perceive the bud

ding fruits of licentiousness. The unsparing license | consent, admiring her as the mother of their peace and with which public and private morals have been as- joy." Who would disturb this organic harmony? sailed, has introduced into society a corresponding None but the enemies of God and man!

spirit of innovation upon all established institutions, social and political We have broken loose from our ancient moorings, and are rapidly leaving the ancient landmarks far behind us. Putting out from the shores, and guided by the polarity of reason, we are seeking restlessly and hopelessly for happier climes. The whole world, all the nations of the earth, are in a state of unwholesome agitation; we have become impatient of the salutary restraints of law and order; and if we may correctly judge of the explosion which impends by the tremulous agitation which we observe and feel around us, there is yet reserved for history lessons which she may not obliterate with her tears, because they are designed to appal and to instruct future generations. "The stateliness of houses," we quote and conclude with this beautiful passage from an eminent writer, "the goodliness of trees, when we behold them, delighteth the eye; but that foundation which beareth up the one, that root which ministereth unto the other nourishment and life, is in the bosom of the earth concealed; and if there be occasion at any time to search into it, such labor is then more necessary than pleasant, both to them which undertake it, and for the lookers on. In like manner the use and benefit of good laws, all that live under them may enjoy with delight and comfort, albeit the grounds and first original causes whence they have sprung be unknown, as to the greatest part of men they are. Since the time that God did first proclaim the edicts of his law upon the world, heaven and earth have hearkened unto his voice, and their labor hath been to do his will. 'He made a law for the rain; he gave his decree unto the sea, that the -waters should not pass his commandment.' Now, if nature should intermit her course, and leave altogether, though it were for awhile, the observation of her own laws; if those principal and mother elements of the world, whereof all things in this lower world are made, should lose the qualities which now they have; if the frame of that heavenly arch erected over our heads should loosen and dissolve itself; if celestial spheres should forget their wonted motions, and by irregular volubility turn themselves any way as it may happen; if the prince of the lights of heaven, which now, as a giant, doth run his unwearied course, should, as it were, through a languishing faintness, begin to stand, and to rest himself; if the moon should wander from her beaten way, the times and seasons of the year blend themselves by disordered and confused mixture, the winds breathe out their last gasp, the earth be defeated of heavenly influence, the fruits of the earth pine away, as children at the withered breasts of the mother when the fountain of life had been dried up; what would become of man himself, whom these things do now all serve? See we not plainly, that obedience of creatures unto the law of nature is the stay of the whole world?

"Of law there can be no less acknowledged, than that her rest is in the bosom of God; her voice the harmony of the world; all things in heaven and earth do her homage; the very least as feeling her care, and the greatest as not exempted from her power. Both angels and men, and creatures of what condition soever, though each in different sort and manner, yet all with uniform

MELANCHOLY HOURS.
Hinc illa lachryma?

DEDICATED TO MY DAUGHTERLESS MOTHER.

I would I were on some far strand,
Where wildly rolls the ocean wave,
Far distant from my native land,

And pure affection's early grave.
There, oft alone, unseen, I'd roam,

When high its troubled waters rose,
Far from the green haunts of my home,
Where all my buried hopes repose.

And could I find one kindred form,

Like me oppressed, to share my wo,
Some sea-boy from the ocean storm,

O, then life's transient years might go.
There would I live and die, forgot

By all that I have known before,
With murm'ring waves to mark the spot
On that secluded peaceful shore.
For now I feel each passing day

Seems longer than an age to me,
For life's pure dreams have fled away,

And love and hope have ceased to be.
Why should I wish to perish here,

And wither, where all else is bright,
Where not a smile, nor e'en a tear,

Illumes the darkness of my night?

When by that distant snowy foam,
Of every joy of life bereft,
No rending bitter pang would come
To mind me of the home I left.

Yes, there I'd roam with spirit free,

And look to childhood scenes no more; For what is left to solace me

When all I've lov'd have gone before?

And now the last hope of my heart

Is fled where all is bright and fair,
And I would willingly depart

Could 1, dear sister, meet thee there.
And tell me, Susan, whose far grave
I ne'er again shall stand beside,
Will thy pure spirit by that wave

Commune with me at eventide?

O! say it will-and I will haste
With heart of joy to that far sea;
For life is now a dreary waste,
And I would sleep in death with thee.
Tallapoosa county, Alabama.

T.

MR. BUCKINGHAM.*

were made prisoners of war; and he, with the rest, was taken into Corunna, and there detained several months. At length, however, they were all released, on

We must confess, that, if our expectation, in purcha-condition of their marching to Lisbon-a distance of

more than three hundred miles,--where they arrived after a tedious and painful journey of several weeks, having travelled barefoot a great part of the way. From Lisbon they sailed for England. Buckingham was now only in his eleventh year.

sing this work, had been to receive entertainment and instruction from the perusal of Mr. Hildreth's notes, we should regret, full as much as its value would justify, the half-dollar given in the exchange. We have here little more than the dry bones of those beautiful forms which have so delighted Mr. Buckingham's hearers; and, in- His subsequent life, until 1813, with the exception of deed, even this skeleton is not complete and symmetri- a short interval, was passed in the sea-service; and cal. The editor informs us, that, in order to complete after his twentieth year, in the capacity of a commandhis work, and make up for want of care and attention, er, he sailed to all the four quarters of the globe, visiting in reporting a part of the course, he "has taken the lib-chiefly, however, the West Indies, and the countries erty to make use of such authorities as came in his way, bordering on the Mediterranean. Having acquired a to fill out the notes of the highly interesting lectures, competency, in this occupation, he contemplated retiwhich form the groundwork of the following pages." ring from the service, and, with this intention, repaired If we were not expressly told, in the preface, that Mr. to Malta; but, being soon driven thence by the violence Buckingham had sanctioned the publication, we could of the plague, proceeded to Smyrna, and afterwards, not have supposed it to have been issued with his con- travelled very extensively over the East. From his currence; not only because it would seem to conflict own short account of the regions through which he with his own interest, but also on account of its ex-journied, contained in the address, above mentioned, treme meagerness. And, even now, we doubt whether he did not merely affect to permit what he could not well prevent. What is to be thought of a reporter, who, having forgotten the point of a good joke, or the humor of an allusion or illustration, gravely tells the reader, that, here, Mr. Buckingham “very facetiously remarked upon" such or such a subject; giving the same satisfaction as do those anecdote-retailers, who, invariably forget the latter half, or, at least, the gist of their stories? And what of an attempt to heighten our interest in a dull chapter, by informing us that "the audience, which had listened with eager attention, retired in a state of the highest gratification?"

we shall extract a condensed sketch of his travels.

Along the shores of the Mediterranean, among the Grecian Isles, in Asia Minor, Egypt, Nubia, Palestine, Syria, Arabia, Mesopotamia, Chaldea, Assyria, Babylonia, Media, Persia, and India, he personally inspected nearly all the remarkable cities and monuments of ancient greatness, which these countries contain. In Egypt, the gigantic pyramids, colossal temples, stately obelisks, majestic statues, and gloomy catacombs and sepulchres, which stud the classic banks of the Nile, from Alexandria and Grand Cairo to the cataracts of Syene. In Arabia and Palestine, the mountains of Horeb and Sinai; the Desert of Israel's wanderings; We have recently had occasion to devote a few pages the plains of Moab and Ammon, with Mount Pisgah, to a brief notice of Mr. Wolff, the missionary, a some- the valley of Jordan and the Dead Sea; the ruined what distinguished traveller, who, like Mr. Bucking-cities of Tyre and Sidon; numerous towns and villages ham, visited this country and chose the medium of pub-celebrated in profane and scripture history; the city of lie lectures, for disseminating that knowledge of foreign Jerusalem, with all its sacred localities-the Garden of lands, which he had acquired in his wanderings. We Gethsemane, the rock of Calvary, and the Holy Senow propose to lay before our readers a parallel notice pulchre. In Syria, the sea-ports of Berytus, Byblus, of Mr. Buckingham; and, as before, shall begin with Tripolis and Laodicea, with the great inland cities of such biographical particulars as we have been able to Antioch on the verdant banks of the Orontes, Aleppo collect, acknowledging ourselves indebted for nearly all on the plains, and the enchanting Damascus; the Tem the matter, and even much of the phraseology intro-ple of the Sun at Baalbeck, the splendid ruins of Palduced, without mark of quotation, under this head, to myra, the gorgeous monuments of ancient magnificence the sketch appended to Mr. Hildreth's Notes, and to in the Roman settlements of Decapolis, and the still Mr. Buckingham's "Address to the People of the Uni-earlier dominions of those who reigned, before either ted States," prefixed to the same. The former is extract- Greek or Roman, in Bashan and Gilead, and the regions ed from a British periodical-"The Preston Temperance Advocate," in which it appeared nearly a year ago. Mr. Buckingham was born at Flushing, within the harbor of Falmouth, in the county of Cornwall, on the 25th of August, 1786. His circumstances were humble, as we presume from the fact of his being so early devoted to a sea-faring life: at nine years of age he went to sea in one of his majesty's packets, from Falmouth to Lisbon. During his third voyage, the ship's crew

Notes on the Buckingham Lectures: embracing Sketches of the Geography, Antiquities and present condition of Egypt and Palestine: compiled from the Oral Discourses of the Hon. J. S. Buckingham. Together with a Sketch of his Life. By James Hildreth. New-York: Leavitt, Lord & Co. 1938. 19mo. pp. 206.

beyond Jordan. In Mesopotamia, including the ancient empires of Chaldea, Assyria, and Babylonia, the birth-place and abode of the patriach Abraham-Ur of the Chaldees, the ruins of Ninevah and Babylon, Bagdad, the renowned capital of the Caliphs, and the remains of the Tower of Babel, on the plain of Shinaar.

Media and Persia came next in order. Here he vis|ited the ruins of ancient Ecbatana, the tomb of Cyrus at Pasagarda, the remains of the great Temple of Persepolis, all rich in objects to gratify antiquarian taste; with the populous cities of Kermanshah, Ispahan and Shiraz, and the lovely valleys of Persian landscape, replete with the beautiful and picturesque. In India, a more extended field, to which a longer time was devoted, far more was seen and experienced. It is enough to say, VOL. IV.-36

that, after having navigated and accurately surveyed | 8,000 pounds, when for some of his strictures upon the the Red Sea, from Suez to Babelmandel, and the oppressions exercised by the Company, he was arbiPersian Gulf, from the Euphrates to Muscat, he coasted along the peninsula of Hindostan, visiting all its principal ports, and ultimately reaching the British capital in the East-Calcutta, on the banks of the Ganges.

trarily banished from the country, by the temporary governor general, without trial or the privilege of making a defence, and all his property and prospects destroyed at a single blow.

On returning to England, Mr. Buckingham applied for indemnity against this unjust sentence, to the British government. All seemed to feel that gross injustice had been done him; multitudes were, deservedly, indignant at his wrongs; well attended public meetings were held to express this popular feeling; and a parliamentary committee, composed of men of all parties in politics, unanimously pronounced the condemnation of the East India Company. But, from some cause or other-either the chartered privileges secured to that company, the influence which it could exert, or the difficulty of bringing such an offender to justice-no measure of redress was afforded, though Mr. Bucking

What a vast field for observation and research was thus traversed. How many objects exciting the imagination, kindling a glow of zeal in the devotee of antiquarian lore, and deepening the reverence with which the student of ancient story regards the scenes that fancy has assisted the wonder-telling page to depict. If there be any grade of superstition which deserves to be cherished, as, at least, innocent, and productive of refined pleasure, it is that which impresses the living with a profound veneration for the abodes once peopled, and the graves still tenanted by the mighty dead: that which awakens the mingled feeling of awe and admiration, with which we trace man's lofty genius and pow-ham urged his claims with untiring assiduity. He did er, and, withal, his frailty, in the monuments that have so far outlasted their proudest builders.

not, however, stop here; for, disappointed in his hopes of obtaining justice, for himself, he devoted his attention to the investigation and public exhibition of the evils of the East India monopoly, and labored for its extinction. Partly in furtherance of this object, and, partly, we suppose, as a means of support,--for he was now reduced to poverty-he established and sus tained for six years a monthly publication, entitled the "Oriental Herald," which had an extensive circulation, and, no doubt, served to awaken the public mind to a

During his stay in Egypt, Mr. Buckingham seems to have enjoyed much of the favor and confidence of the Pasha, Mohammed Ali, whom he was instrumental in inducing to extend the commercial relations of his people with Great Britain and India. He also had influence enough to introduce the cultivation of cotton and sugar on the banks of the Nile; and is said to have been the first to recommend the plan of sending Egyptian youth to England, to receive education in the vari-due sense of the important end which he was striving ous arts and sciences of refined civilization. More than one hundred have already been so instructed in Great Britain, and a number in France, at the expense of the Pasha. Another measure which he recommended—the re-opening of the ancient canal across the isthmus of Suez-was not adopted; but this proposal, joined to other causes, led to a communication by steamboat, from Egypt to India, through the Red Sea, since estab-main spring of his exertions. On giving up his journal, lished. During one of his journies between these two countries, which he made over land, he wore the costume of the Arabs; and this, aided by a flowing beard, and the perfect knowledge of Arabic that he had acquired in his travels through Egypt, greatly diminished the perils of the way.

to accomplish. Some, naturally enough, accused him of being actuated by motives, arising from private interest; and no one can doubt, that his opposition to the Company was strengthened by the bitter recollec tion of his own wrongs--he must have been more than human to have overcome all feeling of personal resentment; but, still, no doubt, a warm patriotism was the

he travelled extensively, over England, Scotland and Ireland, lecturing in all the important towns, to large audiences. We are not informed whether his lectures, during the four years thus spent, were devoted, exclusively, to the denunciation of the East India monopoly; or were, also, descriptive of his travels: we suppose the latter. At any rate, we know that he has, at some time or other, delivered in the mother country the same lectures that he is, now, delivering here. He is said to have addressed no less than five hundred thousand, or, according to his own statement, one million of persons, in the course of this crusade; and at the same time, to have sustained active discussions, on his favorite subject, in numerous public journals.

Returning from this adventurous journey, he sailed on an expedition against the pirates of the Persian Gulf; and, after a successful struggle for their extirpation, reached India a second time. Here he was appointed to the command of a frigate, belonging to the Imaun of Muscat, an independent Arab prince, in which he made several voyages in the Persian Gulf, and along the Indian coast, until reaching Calcutta, he resigned his trust, being unwilling to countenance and protect a We next find Mr. Buckingham in the British House barbarous traffic carried on by the Arabs, between of Commons, where he represented the town of ShefMadagascar and Muscat. At Calcutta, by the invita- field. His constituents had been so impressed by his tion, it is said, of the merchants of that city, to whom zeal and activity in the cause of equal rights, that, his conscientious relinquishment of such a lucrative though personally unknown to them, excepting as a command had recommended him, he established a jour-public lecturer, he was chosen a candidate, and returnnal, to advocate the rights of the inhabitants-both ed to parliament, victorious over three opponents, natives and foreign settlers-to British freedom and privileges. He continued to conduct this journal for five years, and according to his own representations, his establishment, at the end of that time, was worth 40,000 pounds, and yielded a nett yearly income of

natives of the town; and since that period, until his recent departure from England, has continued, as their representative, to enjoy a large measure of esteem and their firm support. His labors in the legislature were chiefly directed to great philanthropic objects:-In

advocating all such he seems to have taken a prominent | At present, (March 14th,) he is in Washington, repeatplace. He had, at length, the satisfaction of seeing the ing his lectures. accomplishment of his chief desires-the East India Company deprived of its illiberal charter; and, in India, the suttee abolished, the freedom of the press established, the revenue derived from idolatry suppressed, the right of settlement admitted, trial by jury secured, and, in short, the whole law of the land remodelled, upon the groundwork of British liberty.

to Australia and Van Dieman's Land; and after visiting the principal stations in the Eastern Archipelago, by Malacca and Singapore, to India. Throughout the latter portion of this route-from the shores of the

Before leaving England, he published an address to the British people, giving an outline of his intended voyages and travels. Of this we will give a short abstract, as a proper ending to the brief sketch of his past life, which we have attempted. After completing his tour through the United States, and the British possessions, he contemplates passing on to the West Another object for which Mr. Buckingham labored Indies, and Gulf of Mexico. Here he wishes to deterwas, the abolition of impressment and flogging in the mine the practicability of cutting a ship canal across the navy and army; and his speeches on the former subject | isthmus of Darien; and having accomplished this obled to the passing of an act to encourage the voluntary ject, will proceed by way of Panama, Acapulco, or enlistment of seamen. He also succeeded in carrying | Lima, to China; from thence by the Philippine Isles, through both houses, a bill for the relief of authors and publishers, who having, before, been obliged to deposite eleven copies of each new work, in certain specified libraries, by the provisions of this bill need deposite only five. As chairman of the committee on shipwrecks-Pacific to India-he intends to combine the occupations a situation for which his maritime experience and of the traveller, the navigator and the merchant, desympathies peculiarly fitted him-he prepared an able fraying the expenses of his investigations, by operaand valuable report. But the philanthropist may honor tions of trade and barter by the way. In returning to him for a still more signal service in the cause of human-England, he will revisit most of the Eastern countries ity. He was the first to introduce the subject of Temperance to the consideration of the House of Commons. In the session of 1834, he delivered a forcible speech on moving for a select committee, to inquire into the causes and effects of intemperance, and, despite the opposition of government, carried his measure by a large majority. After several weeks of labor, and the collection of an immense quantity of evidence, from all parts of the country, the report of this committee, drawn up by Mr. Buckingham, as chairman, was laid before the House, and was ordered to be printed and published. Besides being copied into the columns of almost every newspaper in the United Kingdom, it was reduced into a single sheet, of which more than two million copies were struck off, and circulated, in Great Britain, Ireland, and America.

We pass over several less notable, though very important, measures, advocated by Mr. Buckingham, during his continuance in the House of Commons. His biographer remarks, "that, besides his parliamentary duties, he hardly ever omitted a day, in which he was not found, both in the session and in the recess, engaged in some public labor for the public good, in attending meetings and delivering addresses in favor of education, temperance and peace, and the promotion of the health, morality and happiness of his fellow creatures!" Having for six years represented the town of Sheffield, at the close of the session of Parliament, in July, 1837, be paid a farewell visit to his constituents, and announeed to them his intention of retiring from public life. His avowed object in taking this step was, that he might have time, while a few years of health and activity might remain, to provide a retreat for the winter of life, and acquire the means of making that retreat independent as well as honorable. For this purpose he has visited our country. Arriving at New York in October last, he published the "Address to the People of the United States," before mentioned, and commenced lecturing. His success in that city seems to have been ample: delighted crowds thronged his rooms, and the public journals, without exception, so far as we have seen, trumpeted forth his praise in reverberating blasts.

over which he has already travelled, and traverse several parts of Europe.

To explain the objects of these contemplated wanderings, he recurs to a plan which he brought before the British public in 1830, of a voyage round the globe, to be undertaken at the expense of government. This plan, he says, was approved by a large number of the most distinguished members of the royal family and nobility, and by the leading men of science in France and England; and was prevented from being put in execution only by the political excitement and changes growing out of the late French revolution. The expedition was to be employed in making accurate surveys of coasts and islands imperfectly known; in ascertaining the commercial wants and resources of new countries, as a guide to commercial enterprise; in making scientific observations; and introducing the arts and learning of civilization among barbarous and savage tribes. Its motto was to be, “Discovery-Commerce—Civilization ;" and this latter term he now explains by the included words, "Temperance-Education—Mercy—and Peace." In elucidation of this motto he remarks,

"The most fertile sources of crime and misery, in every country and clime, appear to me to be intemperance, ignorance, national and sectional animosities, oppressions, piracies and war; and the abatement of these, and the substitution of their opposites, is the most effectual reform which can be accomplished on earth. During my future course, therefore, whether in America or our colonies-through the Pacific or in the Australian seas—in China, India, and the Arabian gulf—in the isles of the Mediterranean, or on the continent of Europe, I shall seek for and profit by every occasion I can command, to advocate the four great moral objects I have named:-by recommending and assisting in the promotion of temperance societies, and infant and adult schools;-by communicating the arts connected with printing, where these may be at present unknown, and establishing periodical journals for the diffusion of useful information, and the advocacy of philanthropic improvements;-by teaching the advantages of union and co-operation in the formation of commercial asso

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