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AGENTS FOR THE SOUTHERN LITERARY MESSENGER.

Hill & Dabney, General Agents for Virginia.

M. A. Page, Orange Court House, Virginia.

Thomas L. Jones, General Agent for Western and
South Western States.

Thomas Shore, P. M., Petersburg, Va.
Richard Northington, Norfolk, Va.
J. D. Murrell, P. M. Lynchburg, Va.
Wesley Stevenson, Baltimore, Md.

Col. James Page, P. M., Philadelphia, Pa.
Chas. King, Editor American, New York.
Weeks & Jordan, Boston, Mass.

D. Bryan, Esq., P. M., Alexandria, D. C.
Geo. T. Jessee, P. M., Fredericksburg, Va.
Dr. Wm. H. Williams, North Carolina.

P. K. Chamberlayne, Atty, at Law, Carrollton, Ala.
J. L. Bull, La Grange, Geo.

B. F. Riddick, Gates County, North Carolina.
William W. Worsley, Louisville, Kentucky.

H. B. Turner, Post Master, Huntsville, Alabama.
James J. Kendrick, Washington, Georgia.

Andrew Coyle, Washington City.

N. A. Stedman, North Carolina.
Gen. James Hamilton, Charleston, S. C.
Col. A. H. Pemberton, Augusta, Ga.
B. W. Huntington, Camden, S. C.
T. A. S. Doniphan, Natchez, Mississippi.
W. F. Ritchie, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
John A. Settle, Texas.

H. B. Gwathmey, Mobile, Alabama.
George W. Baynard, Clinton, Louisiana.
Joseph W. Carroll, Columbus, Mississippi.
Thompson & Peters, Montgomery, Alabama.
Thomas Booth, La Grange, Tenn.
James P. Waddell, Athens, Geo.
John Parkhill, Tallahasse, Florida.
Jesse L. Owen, Macon, Geo.

Robert R. Stafford, Providence, Rhode Island.
C. W. Everest, Hartford, Connecticut.

L. B. Landry, Post Master, St. Francisville, Louis'a

MARSHALL HOUSE, Richmond, Virginia.

ADJOINING THE BANK OF VIRGINIA, AND NEXT DOOR ABOVE THE OFFICE OF THE RICHMOND ENQUIRER. BY MRS. ELLEN S. CLAIBORNE,

ASSISTED BY HER HUSBAND, CAPTAIN WILLIAM CLAIBORNE.

THIS establishment, recently opened, now includes the whole of those spacious double tenements forming the eastern wing of Bank square, (the store and counting-room lately occupied by the Messrs. Warwick, having been united with it, and converted into elegant and commodious sitting rooms, &c.) and is certainly a most desirable house, in every respect, for the accommodation of transient or permanent boarders. Its location is in the very centre of business, being surrounded by the Banks, the Capitol, the Post-Office, and the Basin, and contiguous to the warehouses, auctions, and the chief business of the city. The accommodations are very extensive and particularly pleasant. The porches and piazzas in the rear, command a charming view of James River and Chesterfield, for many miles, up and down, while the pure southern breezes sweep directly through the house, rendering it cool and comfortable in the warmest weather.

The table, beds, and lodging rooms, the cuisine, the attention of servants, and the efforts of Mr. and Mrs. Claiborne, to give entire satisfaction, it is confidently believed, will leave the most fastidious nothing to find fault with, and that those who have the true relish for the genuine old Virginia fare and comforts, will find themselves at home, in the MARSHALL HOUSE. November 1, 1838.

MEDICAL COLLEGE, IN RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

The Winter Term of Lectures in the Medical Department of Hampden Sidney College, at Richmond, will commence on Monday, November 5, 1838, and continue until the last week in March. AUG. L. WARNER, M. D., (late Professor of Anatomy and Surgery in the University of Va.) Professor of Surgery. JOHN CULLEN, M. D., Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine.

TH. JOHNSON, M. D., (formerly Professor of Anatomy in the University of Virginia,) Professor of Anatomy and Physiology.

R. L. BOHANNAN, M. D., Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children.

L. W. CHAMBERLAYNE, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics.

SOCRATES MAUPIN, M. D., Professor of Chemistry and Pharmacy.

The facilities furnished by this city for Clinical and Anatomical instruction are not surpassed in our country; so that while the student is becoming familiar with the diseases incident to a Southern climate, he is enabled to acquire a thorough knowledge of the Anatomy of the human body; the art of modelling and making anatomical preparations, and the use of Surgical instruments, by practising upon the dead subject.

The College Infirmary, capable of containing two hundred patients, has recently been opened, and has already a large number of patients, presenting the student with a variety of interesting cases for study. Clinical lectures are delivered daily by the attending physician and surgeon, and will be continued regularly during the winter. In addition to the College Infirmary, the student may avail himself of the practice of the City Hospital, Armory, and Penitentiary, which are under the charge of one of the professors.

Candidates for graduation will be required to attend one full course of lectures in this institution. Good boarding, including fuel, lights, servant's attendance, &c., can be obtained in this city for three dollars and a half to four dollars per week.

We are authorized to state that a full course of lectures in this institution will be received as equivalent to one in the following Medical Schools: University of Pennsylvania; Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia; Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky; University of Maryland; University of New York; Medical College of the State of South Carolina.

The Professor of Anatomy opened the dissecting rooms of the College on the first of October.

October, 1838.

AUG. L. WARNER, M. D. Dean of the Faculty.

THOMAS SEMMES. Counsel and Attorney at Law, Practices in the local Courts of the District of Columbia, and in the Supreme Court of the United States at Washington City. Office at Alexandria, D. C.

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1. Thoughts on Slavery. By a Southron. Addressed to the Hon. Hugh S. Legaré of South Carolina. Maintaining the propositions: 1st, That Slavery is coeval with society, necessary for its formation and growth, and was in the primitive ages a natural condition of a large portion of the human family. 2d, That it is universal, and has existed in all ages. 3d, That it is neither prohibited by the moral nor the divine law. 4th, That christianity alone, by its exalting influence, and by its peaceful and gradual operation, can abolish it. 5th, That its sudden abolition by any people, either by a fanatical perversion of the mild principles of christianity, or by any intemperate agency, must be necessarily attended with frightful social and political revulsions, destructive alike to the bond and free.... 737 2. New View of the Tides. That the sun throws off the planets, and the planets their satellites, as one magnet throws off another. That this resistance between the sur and the earth, and the earth and moon, gives rise or rather produces that phenomenon we call the tides. That the winds do not attract the water. That the moon raises tides in the same way that the winds do, by depressing the con vex surface of the water under her.. 747 3. Benevolence and Modesty. An Essay. By the author of "Adventures of a Bachelor." A lesson with a vengeance... 4. Lucile-A Novel ette. By the authoress of the "Curse." Chapters XII, XIII, XIV, XV. (Concluded.)........ 753 5. Gratitude-Its power in a heart of sensibility; its coincidence with the inclination, and its charms. (Selected.)..

.........

751

ORIGINAL PAPERS-(CONTINUED.)

10. Fame. (Selected.)......

PAGE 779

11. Letter from Malta, to the Editor of the "Messenger." Malta-its first settlement by the Phæacians-afterwards by the Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthagenians, Romans, Vandals and Goths, Arabs, Normans, Germans, French and Spaniards-ceded by Charles V. to the Knights-taken possession of by the order, &c...... 780 12. Scientiæ Miscellanea. No. V. Tendencies............ 784 No. VI. Superiority conferred by Science........ 785 13. Duty of Mothers. By Mrs. Sigourney. "Unless women are brought up with industrious and religious habits, it is in vain that we educate the men: for they are the ones who keep the character of men in its proper elevation."....... 786

...

14. Falkland-By E. L. Bulwer. Remarks upon Bulwer's Falkland, written several years since, and now offered for publication from a belief in the mind of the writer, that an undue applause has been awarded to the imaginary productions of the distinguished novelist.

15. Cincinnati Address. By Henry Ruffner, President of Washington College, Lexington, Va.; delivered in the Chapel of the College on commencement day, June 28th, 1838. Published by "request of the students and auditory."..

789

792

16. The Last Tree Article; with appropriate poetical extracts from admired authors. By J. F. Otis......... 796 17. Botanical Notices of Interesting Plants. Dionœa Musipula, or Venus' Fly Trap-Ilex Vomitoria, or South Sea Tea. By a Backwoodsman Botanist............ 800 18. Baptist Vincent Lavall. An Inquiry.......

ORIGINAL POETRY.

760

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20. Sic Transit Gloria Mundi.".....

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19. Stanzas. From a Lady's Port-Folio....

21. Parting Song. By B. W. H... 22. Musings of Napoleon.......

800

752

......... 760

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760 770

23. Greece-a Sonnet. (Selected.)...... .................... 799

CONTENTS OF COVER.

Title and Contents, page 1; To Correspondents, To Delinquent Subscribers, and Conditions of Southern Literary Messenger, page 2; List of Payments, and List of Agents, page 3; Prospectus of the Southern Literary Messenger and Legal Notice, page 5. Index, pages 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.

This work is published in monthly numbers of 64 pages each, at $5 the vol. in advance: the postage on each No. for 100 miles or less, is 6 cts.-over 100 miles, 10 cts.

RICHMOND, Va.

T. W. WHITE, PRINTER, OPPOSITE THE BELL TAVERN.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

"The Falls of Bash-pish, or the Eagle's Nest," from the pen | laid over till January-possibly till February. "Dorcas Lindof one among the most accomplished, useful, and practical writers in this country, shall grace the pages of our next number. The very masterly review of "W. S. W. Ruschenberger's Voyage round the World, including an Embassy to Muscat and Siam, in 1835-36-37," is again reluctantly laid over till our January number.

say," though properly a sequel to the "Bachelor's Death-Bed," is, in itself, a complete story.--We design giving the whole tale in one number.

"The Desultory Speculator, No. III." by G. W. of Washing. ton City. We regret the necessity which compels us to lay over till our next number the very graphic article under this head. It treats of "Actors ;" and the historical remarks on the drama, from the earliest ages to the present time, together with an account of the prominent actors, dramatic artists, &c., will, we have no doubt, be highly entertaining to our readers.

J. H. Ingraham, Esq., author of "Lafitte, South-West, Burton," &c., has favored us with an interesting tale from his pen, which we are obliged, most reluctantly, to lay over.

The first three chapters of a tale called "Alice Richmond," from the pen of an unknown but able writer, have been received and read by us with great interest. If the remaining chapters are equal to these, we shall take great pleasure in inserting the story-and will endeavor to give the whole of it in one number.

We shall commence in our March number, the publication of an interesting manuscript, communicated by a literary friend in Philadelphia; being an authentic narrative of a tour across the American continent, from the North Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean, in a more southern latitude than any previously attempt.

We have received from Henry Ruffner, D.D. President of Washington College, his very interesting MS. "Notes of a Tour from Virginia to Tennessee, in the months of July and August, 1838," which we will give place to with great pleasure. The tour is in four chapters; and as each chapter is complete in it-ed-performed in the years 1809 and 1810 by Baptist Vincent self, we shall give one in each successive Messenger, beginning with the January number.

We shall also insert in the January number, if possible, a MS. handed to us by a distinguished friend, copied from the Royal MSS. of the British Museum, which purports to be "a true relation of the State of Virginia in the 17th century, by John Rolfe," the husband of the celebrated Pocahontas. We have no doubt of its genuineness and authenticity.

The able and eloquent paper setting forth the "Influence of Christianity on Slavery," shall appear so soon as it is possible for us to bring it out. Its talented author will, we are sure, have no objection to this. It is we who have cause to regret being obliged to keep back so rich a banquet from our readers. So soon, however, as we dispose of some half a dozen or more papers, all of merit, which have been lying by us for months, then we will serve up our friend's excellent article.

The members of the "two Literary Societies of Randolph Macon College," are respectfully informed that we will comply with their request, and publish in our next number the Address delivered before their bodies, by the Hon. John Tyler, on the 19th June, 1838.

"Dorcas Lindsay; or The Bachelor's Writing Desk:" by the author of the "Bachelor's Death-Bed,"-is again reluctantly

Lavall. We shall have some remarks to offer upon this MS. in the same number. We doubt not, it will be very acceptable to our readers.

From our valuable correspondent at Malta, we have received three more papers-one treating of Prince Puckler Muskaw, his arrival at Malta, brief sketch of his life, reception by the English-notice of his "Tutti Frutti." The second, gives a description of the church-yards of Malta, epitaphs, monument to Sir H. Hotham, tombs of deceased Americans. The third paper, treats of the opera and opera-house at Malta, &c. We promise to give place to the series as soon as we can.

Our Paris correspondent must not suppose he is either forgotten, or slighted. Highly entertaining as his "Notes and Anecdotes" certainly are, we must let them lie over for a short time longer. So say we to our Petersburg friend.

We are much pressed with the favors of our friends, and our table is literally groaning with magazines, pamphlets, reviews, literary works, orations, &c. &c. &c., in many of which we have perceived so much merit, that we should delight to be instrumental in attracting public attention towards them. We hope, however, that due patience and compassion will be exercised in respect to our own dilatory recognition of our friends and correspondents.

TO DELINQUENT SUBSCRIBERS.

The present number of the Messenger completes its fourth year and fourth volume. We have near $4,000 subscription money due to us. We once more ask those who are in arrear, to forward to us the balances due. The mail is the most expeditious mode for them to transmit by. Bank notes, current in any of the States, will be received.

We shall erase every subscriber's name from our books, from this number, who owe us $15 and over,—and may, in addition, "for good and sufficient reasons," feel it our duty to give to the public through the pages of the Messenger, the names of certain individuals who have "thus patronised" our work from its commencement.

CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN LITERARY MESSENGER.

1. THE SOUTHERN LITERARY MESSENGER is pub- | thus transmitting payment, is requested (besides taking lished in monthly numbers. Each number contains not proper evidence of the fact and date of mailing) to reless than 64 large superoyal pages, printed on good tain a memorandum of the number and particular marks type, and in the best manner, and on paper of the most of the note sent. beautiful and expensive quality.

2. The "MESSENGER" hereafter will be mailed on or about the first day of every month in the year. Twelve numbers make a volume,-and the price of subscription is $5 per volume, payable in advance;-nor will the work hereafter be sent to any one, unless the order for it is accompanied with the CASH. The year commences with the January number. No subscription received for less than the year. A single number of the Messenger will not be sold to any person for less than the price of a year's subscription.

3. The risk of transmitting subscriptions by mail will be assumed by the proprietor. But every subscriber

4. If a subscription is not directed to be discontinued before the first number of a volume has been published, it will be taken as a continuance for another year.

5. Any one enclosing a $20 current bill, at one time. with the names of FIVE NEW subscribers, shall receive FIVE Copies of the MESSENGER for one year.

5. The mutual obligations of the publisher and subscriber, for the year, are fully incurred as soon as the first number of the volume is issued: and after that time, no discontinuance of a subscription will be permitted. Nor will any subscription be discontinued while anything remains due thereon, unless at the option of the editor.

Richmond, Nov. 12, 1838.

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Addressed to the Hon. Hugh S. Legaré of South Carolina. connected with the maintenance of the bond of union;

"Truth is the supreme good, the first aliment of the soul. To search after truth, is the only employment correspondent with the high destinies of man. But like the Egyptian Isis, truth is a mystic divinity covered with a veil, which the wise and the virtuous of all ages have labored to raise, but which no one can entirely remove." To attain truth, is to see and to know God, for God alone is truth. In the merciful dispensations of Providence, the mind of man is made inquisitive, and its powers elastic and expansive; and while to the faithful and persevering worshipper the light of truth is slowly revealed from the depths of the sanctuary, it can never burst upon him in the fulness of its glory, for none can look upon it and live. It is only when this corruption shall have put on incorruption, when this mortal shall have been clothed with immortality, that truth can be fully revealed. Such is the divine excellence of truth, and such is the inquisitive character of the human mind, that although truth be unattainable in this life, the soul of man, in its progress towards this hidden divinity, is so refreshed and illumined by every emanation, that he is irresistibly attracted, and his thirst for further knowledge increases with every ray of light. This occupation, then, is the proudest and most beneficial exercise of the energies of man. To the contemplative mind there is a striking similitude between the institution of the natural, and the correction and enlargement of the moral and intellectual world. It was the exertion of the loftiest attribute of the Ancient of Time that imposed order on element, and gave to early confusion and commixture the impress of character, and the form and figure of action. To power thus exercised, and to benevolence so directed, there can be no homage so meet as that which proceeds from the family reflecting his image; and there can be no tribute more correspondent or acceptable than the cultivation and refinement of that intellect, which, emanating from himself, lifts the creature man from the degradation of the dust, and places him in the scale of creation near to the ministering angel. The intellect of man is the germ of truth. It is a spark struck from the eternal rock of ages, and its proper destination is the bosom of the parent. Let us remember that we have been endowed with talents to be useful, and that the end of wisdom is truth. In all the vicissitudes of our earthly pilgrimage let us reflect, that, although the fulness of truth is unattainable here, there is a realm beyond the skies, where the chaste and virtuous mind will exult in a fulness of vision, to which space will object no limit, and to which time can oppose no barrier. It is this reflection, which should incite us to untiring exertion in this lofty and legitimate pursuit of the understanding. In accordance with these principles, truth is the sole object

with no prejudices or prepossessions for or against any sectional division of the confederacy; looking neither to the North, nor the South, to the East, nor to the West, but filled with a holy love for our common country; thoroughly assured that the perpetuity of our institutions mainly depends upon a calm and dispassionate consideration of the exciting question of slavery; we have boldly resolved to unfold those views which have been the result of much reading and reflection. We maintain the following propositions:

1. That slavery is coeval with society, necessary for its formation and growth, and was in the primitive ages a natural condition of a large portion of the human family.

2. That it is universal, and has existed in all ages. 3. That it is neither prohibited by the MORAL nor the DIVINE law.

4. That christianity alone, by its exalting influence, and by its peaceful and gradual operation, can abolish it. 5. That its sudden abolition by any people, either by a fanatical perversion of the mild principles of christianity, or by any intemperate agency, must be neces sarily attended with frightful social, and political revulsions, destructive alike to the bond and free.

In the discussion of this interesting question, we do not design to treat each of these propositions separately, or in the precise order in which they are announced ; for, many of the evidences and illustrations, which multiply around us as the stars of the firmament, will throw their rays over the whole field we traverse. Before we proceed to show that slavery derives its origin from the very nature and condition of primitive man, it will be proper to form a correct idea of slavery itself. In treating of the origin of slavery, we must carefully avoid the common error of forming our opinions upon the present state of things, or of permitting them to be influenced by the existing state of servitude; but we must ascend at once to the primitive ages, and calmly observe the condition of the early settlers of the world.

Of all the theories of the origin of slavery proposed by modern writers--especially by those who immediately preceded or followed the French revolution, when the attributes of the Deity himself were made to bow before the insolent assertion of the "Rights of Man"-there are few which more feebly oppose the austere rules of sound reason than those of M. de Montesquieu. “Slavery," says this far-famed writer, "slavery, properly so called, is the establishment of a right, which gives to one man such a power over another, as renders him absolute master of his life and fortune." And assuming this position, he declares that "the state of slavery is in its own nature bad; that it is neither useful to the master nor to the slave; not to the slave, because he can do nothing through a motive of virtue, nor to the VOL. IV.-93

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