to expect from another, as well as the respect which every one owes to himself, it will become easy and natural to you to employ, in all your intercourse with each other, the most becoming language. I do desire, that I may never, during our voyage, have cause to reprove any of my people for anything disrespectful in speech or behaviour.

As nothing is more subversive of confidence and social order than falsehood and lies, it is most strictly enjoined upon you, that you do always speak TRUTH. At all hazards, whatever may be the consequence, speak nothing but what you do really believe to be true. What is more base, more wicked, than a lie? What more dishonouring to the God of truth? What more injurious to society-what more deserving of punishment? With us, lying must, like other crimes, be ever visited with disapprobation; in other words, with some appropriate infliction.

Bearing false witness is lying, accompanied with high aggravations, and therefore merits a severer punishment.

You are required to cherish the strictest habits of honesty, and, according to the golden precept laid down to you, to respect your brother's property, as you would desire him to respect yours. If you are wise and virtuous enough to act on these principles, we shall not have a single case of theft during our voyage; not one case to cast a stigma upon you, or cause grief and disappointment to me. I do not, at present, remember one instance of theft, committed by

N

my people, during any voyage, escaping detection sooner or later. But honesty arising from the fear of detection and punishment, is not honesty. To be honest, you must be honest on principle; honest, because GOD commands you. Such is the honesty which I desire to see the whole of you cultivate and practise.

Again I have to request, that you unite cordially with me in endeavouring to secure the calm and profitable observance of "the Lord's-day." I can have no authoritative control over your thoughts and spiritual observance of that holy day; but it is my imperative duty so to arrange our affairs as to preserve quiet and peace, and to prevent, as far as in me lies, everything calculated to annoy or disturb those who desire to honour the Lord on his own day. The observance of the Lord's day for spiritual exercises and enjoyment, is every man's right; and it is my incumbent duty to preserve to every man under my care the uninterrupted enjoyment of that right. you God has given the day; and to you I am bound to secure, as far as possible, the opportunity of availing yourselves of his gift. I shall therefore take care that nothing be done on that day, save works of absolute necessity and mercy; and it will give me peculiar pleasure to see that you faithfully and voluntarily dedicate the Lord's day to the cheerful and delightful pursuit of biblical knowledge, and the happy observance of all Divinely-appointed ordinances, as far as circumstances permit.

To

Playing at cards, and every species of gambling, on any day of the week, are most positively prohibited. It is quite unnecessary for me to state here, the many strong reasons which might be urged for this prohibition. To the more reflecting and experienced among you, some of these reasons must be familiar. By all men of sound mind and good principles gambling is, in all circumstances, considered as a crying evil, and must certainly be regarded in this light by us; for it is a practice at once dishonest and injurious, and totally at variance with the law of brotherly love. But even were it lawful to gamble, we have no time for such trifling, or for any unprofitable amusements, much less for those which are sinful. Just views of

the value of time, and of the account which, "at that day," we must all render of its use and of its abuse, will not permit us to divert any portion of it from the purposes for which it is given to us. You will enjoy abundant relaxation in your night's rest, and in constant change of duty. And you will have wholesome exercise in your marches, by divisions, around the decks every evening, or as often as the weather and other circumstances will permit. Such of you as may be called to fill the situation of petty officers, will find that the zealous discharge of your duties secures to you abundance of exercise.

The youngest among you must now, in some measure, understand that it is in the strictest sense a moral discipline which I desire to see in operation on board this transport. In further proof of which I

shall give orders that those irons-the badges of your disgrace—with which you are at present fettered, be removed from the whole of you, at as early a period as is consistent with the discharge of other duties; and I do most ardently hope, that when I have once caused them to be struck off, you will not, by your conduct, demand their being again replaced; for what can be more disgraceful to you, and painful to me, than the clanking of these irons as you walk along the decks?

CHAPTER XI.

Petty officers, their duties, and address on their appointment.

THE earliest opportunity is taken of again assembling the people, to announce to them the persons appointed as petty officers, and to state the nature of their duties, and what is reciprocally incumbent upon the people, and those in authority over them.

The petty officers being drawn up in line, and placed before the people assembled on the quarterdeck, the third address is delivered as formerly from the poop, and is in substance as follows:

THIRD ADDRESS.

The men appointed to fill places of trust and responsibility are now placed before you. The brief recital of the duties connected with their several stations, while it exhibits to them the demands which will be made upon their attention and exertions, intimates also to you what will be required of you, both with reference to yourselves and to those entrusted with your comfort, and charged to watch over your conduct.

The whole of you who are to occupy situations of