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more beloved or more trusted. While in Congress, he distinguished himself by his active exertions in wging upon the general government the extinguishment of the Indian titles to all lands within the limits of the State of Georgia; and he favored and supported, with all his ability, the policy of settling the Indians permanently in the territory belonging to the United States west of the Mississippi River. After he was elected governor, he continued to advocate the same policy, and succeeded, during his administration, in removing the Cherokee Indians from Georgia, and organizing the country which they had occupied, west of the Chattahoochee River, into thirteen counties, which now contain an intelligent, industrious, and enterprising population, numbering at this time not less than one hundred thousand inhabitants. The county of Lumpkin was named for him; and to the town of Lumpkin, in the county of Stewart, the name was also given in honor of his public services and private worth. He has retired from all public employment, and is now residing at the town of Athens in ease and comfort.

Of the nine children of John Lumpkin, Senior, to whom we have referred, eight were sons and one was a daughter. The six oldest sons were all farmers, including Wilson Lumpkin, of whose public career we have just spoken. The two youngest sons, Joseph Henry Lumpkin and Thomas Jefferson Lumpkin, were educated at Princeton College, in the State of New Jersey. The youngest, Thomas, after studying a profession, and marrying, removed to the State of Alabama. He gave promise there of a distinguished career as a lawyer, but fell a victim at an early age to the ravages of the climate. Joseph Henry Lumpkin studied law, and has long occupied a distinguished position as a lawyer in Middle and Northern Georgia. He is considered a well-read and profound lawyer, and, as an advocate, has found no superior in that state. He is a ripe scholar; and, while he is universally regarded as a man of superior intellectual attainments, and respected for his professional learning and ability, he is also beloved for his philanthropy and his devotion to the cause of Christianity. At the session of the Legislature which met in 1845, a Supreme Court for the Correction of Errors was for the first time organized in the state, and three judges, of eminent ability, were selected

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for these newly-created offices. One of the judges was elected for the term of six years, another for the term of four years, and another for the term of two years. The one elected for the term of six years was to be considered as chief justice of the Supreme Court of the state. Joseph Henry Lumpkin was elected for that term, and is at this time doing much by his judicial attainments to give to the decisions of that court an honorable distinction, as well in Georgia as in other states of the Union.

The five other sons of John Lumpkin, Senior, namely, William, John, George, Henry Hopson, and Samuel, were all plain, substantial farmers, or planters, remarkable for their energy of character and sound practical sense. John, the third son, was highly esteemed among the Baptist denomination as a faithful and successful minister of the Gospel. Few men possessed more undivided influence over their congregations, and he was beloved by all who knew him.

George, the father of John H. Lumpkin, was the fourth son, and enjoyed but few early advantages of education. He was employed on his father's farm until he arrived at manhood, where he learned to labor, and acquired habits of industry that have never deserted him. Soon after his maturity he married Sarah Pope, the daughter of Henry Pope, who was a respectable planter, and resided in the county of Oglethorpe, not far from his father's residence. By this marriage he had issue two sons and three daughters.

John H. Lumpkin was the oldest son, and, when not more than five years of age, was sent to a neighboring school, and continued there, with occasional interruptions, until, in his tenth year, he was left without a mother. After her decease, his father married a second and a third time. His second wife, Frances Callaway, lived only six weeks after marriage. His third and present wife was Lucy Davis, by whom he had issue a son and daughter. The son, George, is now in the public service in the Post-office Department at Washington.

While his father was a widower, John H. Lumpkin was placed from home in the family of his uncle, Samuel Lumpkin, a farmer, from whom and his wife he received attention and kindness which made an ineffaceable impression on his memory. He speaks of them now in terms of the most grateful re

membrance. During his sojourn under their roof, he had no opportunity of going to school; but, upon his father's third marriage, the children having been taken home, he was again placed at school, and commenced learning Greek and Latin. He continued to prosecute these studies, with others, preparatory to admission into college, under the tuition of Messrs. Sherwood, Rhea, Alden, and Hopping, at the Hermon Academy, erected by his father and several other neighbors, for the purpose of educating their own children, without incurring the hazard and expense of sending them from home. But, for some reason or other, these pursuits became extremely irksome, and he asked his father's permission to leave school, that he might go into the field and perform daily labor with the slaves. His father assented to the proposition, but not without regret at the apparent disappointment of the hopes he had cherished for his

son.

He gave him the full benefit, however, of the most severe and constant labor. He was employed in the same duties, for the same number of hours, with other laborers of his own age and strength. No favors were shown to the son at the expense of the servant, but, whether in toil or repose, the same share was meted out to both. Before the close of the year, his father made an arrangement with John Landrum, a worthy gentleman, at that time clerk of the Supreme Court of Oglethorpe county, to employ his son in the office as assistant clerk. The terms of the engagement were, that his father was to board and clothe him, and that he was to have the benefit of Mr. Landrum's instruction in return for any assistance he could render in the office. He remained here one year, and acquired much valuable information. The associations to which this office introduced him, gave him, for the first time, a thirst for knowledge, and a desire for a regular education. His energies and ambition were awakened under the conviction that education and knowledge alone could give him position and elevation in life. His new-born views were readily sanctioned by his father, and he was sent immediately to Franklin College, Athens, Georgia, having been first admonished that to give him an education and a profession would be all that justice to the other members of the family would allow to be done for him, and that, beyond those benefits, he must look to his own exertions for advancement in life.

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