ty, the Russians have forgotten to re-occupy in time, and they are now trying to repair the omission, in which intention they have been, however, hitherto foiled by the rapidity with which the Turks restored the lighthouse, and by the vigilance of Lord Lyons. The actual occupation and the keeping up of the lighthouse by the Turks give these latter the benefit of possession, which, in politics, may be said to be more than nine points of the law. The Russian detachment cannot be said to be in possession of the island, for they have nothing to do with the lighthouse, and it is the Turkish flag which is waving there.-Shipping Gazette.

F. Fixed. Fl. Fixed and Flashing. R. Revolving. I. Intermitting. Est. Established.

Advertised by Board of Trade.

PORT OF LIVERPOOL.-Northern Channels.

Crosby Lighthouse-A light will be exhibited at Crosby Lighthouse at sunset on Monday, the 6th of October next, and be continued every night from sunset to sunrise. The light will be stationary, of a red colour, elevated 96 feet above the level of the sea at half-tide, and be visible between the bearings of S.S.E. E. and East, which limits will indicate respectively when a ship is westward of Formby Spit or to the southward of the Crosby Lightship.

Formby Old Lighthouse.-The light in this tower will be discontinued on the evening of the above date.

Formby Lightship will be moved from her present berth, S. E.b.S. S., half a mile into 33 feet at low water. Crosby Lighthouse bearing E.b.S. S. southerly; N.W. mark N.E.b. E. E. Crosby Lightship S E., distance 18 mile.

Crosby Lightship will be moved from her present berth N.b.W. W., 330 fathoms, in 46 feet at low water. Crosby Lighthouse E. S.; N.W. mark N.E.IN.

The Bell Beacon will be moved from her present berth, North, 200 fathoms, into 25 feet at low water. N.W. lightship S.W. W., distance 38 miles; Formby Lightship E.b.S. S. southerly 3 miles.

Sailing Directions.

Victoria Channel.-A ship coming from seaward, by bringing the Formby Floating Light to bear E.b.S.S., southerly, will have that object, the Bell Beacon, and the Crosby Shore Light in one; and after passing the Bell Beacon, by keeping the lights in one, may steer on that bearing up the Victoria Channel until abreast of V. 3, black, or until Leasowe Light bears S. W. and Rock Light bears S.S.E. E.; then haul up N.E. until the Crosby Lightship opens eastward of the Formby Lightship, when you will be in the fairway, and may steer for the Crosby Lightship. Should there be sufficient water, instead of hauling up as above, she may continue her course with the Formby Lightship and Crosby Shore Light in one, and so pass in the best water (8 feet at low water, the same as in the Queen Channel), over the West Middle into the Crosby Channel. The navigation of this part of the channel by day will be facilitated by the placing of the Nun and Can Buoys, S.V. 1., by passing between which the shoal parts of the West Middle will be avoided.

Queen Channel.-Having sighted the Bell Beacon, a course from it N.F.b.E. E. 1 mile, will bring you to the Fairway Buoy of the Queen Channel (black, with perch and ball,) from which Crosby Lighthouse bears S.E.b.E. E.; with this bearing for a course, steer till the Crosby Lightship comes well open eastward of the Formby Ship, when you may shape your course for the Crosby Ship, observing to keep well to eastward of the Formby Ship, to give a wide berth to the shoal elbow of the West Middle.

Zebra Channel.-A course from the Bell Beacon N.E.b.E. E. 2} miles, brings you to the Zebra Fairway Buoy, from which a S.S.E. course will carry you in the deepest water through this chanael to the Formby Ship. This channel is very narrow.

Observe. That in sailing upon any of the bearings abovenamed, the set of the tide must be considered, and due allowance be made in the course steered.

THE LATE SIR JOHN FRANKLIN.

These are days of retrospect, when memory fondly dwells on the past and recalls before her those who have played a noble part on this world's stage. How many gallant heroes has the late war numbered whose loss is recorded in "monumental pride," and others whose noble deeds, that endeared them to the friends they have left, will be mourned by them to life's latest hour-unhonoured in marble yet more honoured in love. Now that war and the elements have concluded their work the vacant place is left, and he who filled it is yet among us in memory's fondest picture.

Among these a proposal has been sent to us for circulation to raise a monument to the late Sir John Franklin. It will be seen by the following letter that the proposal has originated in his native county, and that it is intended that whatever success may attend it the memorial shall be placed in Lincoln.

Anything of the kind exclusively naval might be claimed perhaps for Greenwich; but native soil has strong claims, and when backed by native friends will probably establish those claims in possession. The proposal to establish a Franklin memorial is good-nothing in this way has yet been done to perpetuate his memory and now is the time. The subject appears to have been discussed in the Lincoln papers, in one of which we find the following proposal to ornament the cathedral with an arctic window. Of this it is observed in the Lincoln Times of the 2nd September:

"We can conceive no design more appropriate, or more graceful, than that which Sir Charles Anderson has sent to the Mayor. The plan of the suggested window is this: at the top a representation of the arms of the late Sir John Franklin; below, the representation of an Arctic scene-ice-mountains, a ship stuck fast, and the aurora-borealis playing over the whole; then this text of Scripture-Job 38th chap., and 30th verse-"The waters are hid as with a stone, the face of the deep is frozen." In the lower compartment there is a representation of an angel with a laurel pointing upwards, and room for an appropriate commemorative inscription. Whatever comes of the project for a Franklin nemorial, we trust this beautiful design will not be lost sight of. Sir Charles Anderson deserves all credit for the handsome manner in which he has placed it at the service of the Committee."

The surviving Arctic companions of Sir John Franklin would delight in this, and there are many besides by whom they would be well seconded. But, having stated the subject, we leave it for their discussion, assuring them that we shall be glad to give them the assistance of the Nautical in promoting an object which will not only coincide with their feelings, but leave to posterity a becoming mark of respect for the memory of Sir John Franklin.

Town Clerk's Office, Lincoln, July 16th, 1856.

I am requested to solicit your good will and sympathy on behalf of a movement originating with the Town Council of this city, and which is not only particularly interesting to the county of Lincoln, but to the nation generally. It is thought desirable to commemorate Sir John Franklin's devotion to science, and his courage in attempting a discovery of a North-West Passage, as well as to record his country's gratitude and the loss sustained by the sacrifice of his noble life and the lives of his brave companions.

At a meeting of the Town Council held a short time since the subject was brought forward and it was resolved:-That a public monument should be erected in honour of Sir John Franklin, and that, as he was born in Lincolnshire, such monument should be erected in the City of Lincoln (being the county town). The Mayor, Mr. J. S. Wilkinson, Mr. Brogden, Mr. Carline, Mr. W. Marshall, and Mr. Penistan were appointed a Committee for carrying into effect the desired object.

The Committee are desirous in the first place of associating with their endeavours the names and services of the Nobility, Gentry, Members of Parliament, and scientific men connected with Lincolnshire. I have therefore to request you to lend us your name, and to give us your aid in any way you deem best to serve the object.

Communications are being addressed to all the noblemen belonging to the county, and to the different scientific and learned societies of the principal cities in the kingdom, on the continent, and in America, to obtain their assent to become members of the Committee. Several influential names have already been received; a list of which and the subscriptions will shortly be advertised.

A favourable reply will oblige

Your obedient servant,

JNO. THOS. Tweed.

THE

NAUTICAL MAGAZINE

AND

Naval Chronicle.

NOVEMBER, 1856.

THE LATE MELANCHOLY LOSS OF THE EMIGRANT SHIP "OCEAN
HOME" BY COLLISION.

"With fixed attention, pondering in my mind
The dark distresses on each side combined,
While here we linger in the pass of fate

We see no moment left for sad debate."

The British public are feelingly alive to any and every thing passing under their immediate eye, and, whether for good or evil, there are no bounds to the expression of their sympathies! Thus a morbid

curiosity may lead them to witness the execution of a malefactor-to ascertain his penitence or hardihood, and to pronounce an opinion on the awful future which awaits the immortal spirit when all that was mortal has paid the penalty of crime. Or if an isolated case of drowning or accidental death occurs, how difficult it is to restrain the crowd of eager inquirers, each and all too readily anticipating the Coroner's verdict and pronouncing with self-complacency their own decision, and becoming in many instances perverters of the truth! Yet it is with regret that we cannot help observing that the record of unparalleled disasters at sea-because they occur in the dim perspective-are read only to excite a moment of pity and to be forgotten; Or, if remembered, it is only to elicit the usual apathetic ejaculations, "Indeed, how awful!" "Poor fellows!" and "What a fine ship and valuable cargo, but then, no doubt she was well insured!" Can there be no NO. 11.-VOL. XXV. 4 E

awakening to the awful truth that many helpless souls are hurried into eternity with all their imperfections on their heads, and consequent upon causes which, in a strictly religious and moral sense, must hold the abettors of a bad system as little better than guilty of their destruction or, in legal terms, accessories before the fact? Severe as this may seem upon the determined worshipper of Mammon, it is time that some one of influence obtained attention to the fact and warned the commercial marine (not only of this country, but of the world) that there is a Providence watching us all, that "The sea is His, and He made it," but not for the wanton sacrifice of His creatures-and the time may come when, among the multitude of sufferers rising from it to judgment, thousands may point with unerring finger to those who recklessly sent them forth upon it in ships badly constructed, badly manned, and worse officered!

Who can dwell for a moment on the instantaneous destruction of an emigrant ship and not feel for the relatives thus doomed to mourn the severance of the dearest earthly ties. Thus we read in a paper a crushing announcement under the head of

MERCANTILE MARINE.

THE LATE COLLISION IN THE Channel.

On Saturday last the American ship Cherubim, which caused the terrible catastrophe to the Ocean Home, emigrant ship, off the Lizard, on the 5th September, arrived in the river off Gravesend; but no investigation will take place by the Board of Trade, both ships coming within the category of "foreign" vessels, and therefore do not come within the operation of the Merchant Shipping Act. Some of the poor survivors, emigrants, reached London on Friday from Plymouth, and received every kindness from Mr. May, the Consul. The poor creatures gave a harrowing tale of their sufferings. One poor man, a carpenter, named Wynveen, rather advanced in years, lost his wife, his mother, and five children, and about one hundred pounds' worth of property, the result of several years' hard earned savings. Another emigrant, G. Wensink, apparently a young farm-labourer, lost his mother, four brothers, and three sisters. They had clubbed together for the purpose of purchasing land in the United States. A third survivor, a young man, whose mind seemed to have been almost turned by the calamity which had befallen him, lost his wife and three young children. A fourth survivor had been deprived of three of his children. The Consul made provision for their return to Rotterdam.

And so it was, alas, with many more. They are gone!-Gone in a moment!-No reckoning made!-A midnight crash!--and "Sleep, Death's counterfeit, awoke to Death itself!" There sunk the father, husband, brother in smothered agonies, along with the weaker sex clinging to their helpless progeny-sacrificed to the heartless cupidity of the employer or the neglect and imbecility of the employed!

It is indeed common to the most casual observer that in the majority