1000 tons for Stockholm, it does not pay to go unloaded from one port to another. A port of transhipment is needed, and Copenhagen with its free port the terminus and port of call of numerous steamship lines, and in constant communication with all countries bordering the Baltic - seems to meet all requirements." In England the same point of view has been upheld. In October, 1919, "The Financier", after its editor had been on a long stay in Denmark for the purpose of studying conditions there, published an article wherein it was stated that:

"There is no reasonable excuse for any British merchant to abstain further from entering this market, and through it those of Scandinavia and the Baltic. I have indicated the actual openings that exist, the exact methods to adopt, and the facilities that are ready to hand, so that the responsibility now lies with the trader as to whether he is going to let this unique opportunity slip or not. If he allows it to pass by he will be sorry."

The following summary of some of the distances between foreign ports, Copenhagen and Baltic countries clearly shows the advantages attached to the situation of Copenhagen:

Copenhagen-Buenos Aires (via Kiel Canal)... 6761

The distance from New York, it may be added, to Copenhagen around the North of Scotland by the "great circle lines" is more than 200 miles shorter than the distance from New York to Hamburg.

Along its extensive coast-line Denmark has several well equipped ports, many of which have a considerable export traffic, whilst for the most part they naturally serve the local shipping; Copenhagen is, however, also the principal centre of distribution for the home trade, and a very considerable number of regular home steamer lines have Copenhagen as their port of departure. Of course, the international shipping, and the constantly increasing Baltic traffic, have been the cause of the rapid development of the Port of Copenhagen during the last few generations, and this development is still proceeding in full measure. However much it has been possible to satisfy the demands made upon it from year to year, the situation on the whole may be described thus: that hardly has one extension been completed before another was necessary, and there is much that indicates that matters will continue to be so, at any rate if it is to be assumed that the role of the Baltic countries in the commerce of the world will continue to show progress.

THE CONTROL SYSTEM

IN DANISH AGRICULTURE

by OTTO HIMMELSTRUP, M. P.

In another section of this book some statistical data are given illustrating the production and turnover of agriculture in Denmark. These figures illustrate the special character of modern Danish agriculture as an industry through which very large sums pass in the form of exports of finished produce and imports of raw materials. These sums are so considerable that the contribution of Danish agriculture towards the total exports of the country constitutes no less than about 85 per cent or, expressed in figures, an export value of about 1,300 million kroner out of a total export value of about 1,530 million kroner. Denmark is one of the countries in Europe which have the greatest foreign trade per head of the population, and one of the chief causes of this great foreign trade is the special economic system under which Danish agriculture is carried on.

This has, however, not always been the case. The economic organisation which characterises modern Danish farming is only half a century old. It is the outcome of an almost revolutionary change which took place in Danish agriculture between the 'seventies and the 'eighties of the last century, when a series of years with high prices for grain were succeeded by a slump produced by the increasing importation of grain, at first from Russia, later on from the United States of America, and finally from the Argentine. If the Danish farmers had tried to fight that competition they would have exposed themselves to financial ruin, as the Danish soil has not much natural aptitude for the cultivation of grain, being, on the whole, less well equipped by nature than that of the competing countries. But instead of regarding the foreign grain imports as an embarrassing competition, agriculture took it into its own service and turned it into an invaluable support. This was done by building up a stock of domestic animals to