the first big Diesel motor ship was built in Denmark, and that the Danish system is the model which is now used by many foreign shipyards. A further consolidation of Denmark's position as the leading country in this field has been achieved by the construction of the new double-acting Diesel engine, which greatly increases the usefulness of the Diesel motor as a means of propulsion for ships. The first fast transatlantic passenger boat with a Diesel engine is now being built for a Swedish line and fitted with Messrs. Burmeister & Wain's double acting Diesel engine. In the electrical industry the best known Danish products are the dry batteries, of which large numbers are exported. There is also a considerable export of electromotors, cables and electric articles. Another example of the importance of applied science in Danish industry is the system discovered in Denmark for the pure cultivation of yeast bacilli, a system which forms the basis of the modern brewing industry and is used everywhere abroad. In this connection may furthermore be mentioned the manufacture of baking yeast, in which the new Danish methods take the lead. A necessary condition of the great exportation of butter which forms the key-stone in the economics of the Danish community, is that the domestic consumption of fats should in part be supplied in another manner. The margarine industry is therefore of the greatest importance. Together with this latter industry, the principal raw material of which is now vegetable oils, an extensive manufacture of the oils themselves has grown up, this industry annually dealing with 250,000 tons of oil-seed and kernels. In this field, too, Danish manufacturing methods occupy a very high position, as will be seen from the fact that no less than about 30,000,000 kilos of oil are exported annually. These examples of industrial export articles, chosen at random, will give an idea of how the industries, in accordance with the natural conditions of the country, have specialised in the domains in which they had, under existing circumstances, the greatest possibility of success. When Danish industry appears as a competitor in the race for the world's markets, it is not as a massive, heavy-weight industry, with its legs firmly planted in the mines and coal-fields of its home country. Nor does it attempt to succeed by force of mass production based upon great strength of capital and gigantic factory plants. The Danish export industry must try to replace strength and bulk by ingenuity and know ledge, and it does not seek to win a market by cheapness of production, but by the high quality and special advantages of the products manufactured. Developed harmoniously from the foundations of the existing handicrafts, industry has absorbed and made use of all the facilities of modern technical science without having severed the connection between the worker and the article produced. In agriculture it is the medium sized estate, the Danish farm, which forms the basis of the production, and in the same manner the Danish industrial concerns, compared with those abroad, are of medium size. The advantage of this form of working: the individual character of the work produced, is the strongest point of the Danish export industry, and it is with products such as these, that this little country is gaining markets all over the world. GREENLAND UNDER DANISH RULE When in 1921 Denmark solemnised the 200th anniversary of the founding of the first Colony in Greenland in modern times, the event was celebrated as a commemoration year for Danish enterprise in the exploration and civilisation of this great Danish Arctic country, which is the biggest island in the world, having an area of 2,182,000 square kilometres and extending over 24 parallels of latitude. And Denmark had every justification for pointing with pride to her work during the two centuries which had elapsed, for with all due respect to the share of other nations in the exploration of Greenland, it is generally acknowledged that Denmark has been to the fore in this work, and that she has attained results which have not only benefited the natives of Greenland, but have also contributed towards the solution of problems of interest to all nations. And whilst the historic threads of former NorwegianIcelandic attempts at colonisation several centuries back have broken, it remains a historic fact that, after the re-discovery of Greenland and the commencement of Danish colonisation, Denmark has uninterruptedly, up to the present day, upheld the rule of which the foundation was laid in 1721 by Hans Egede's work, a fact which, in the opinion of most people, has confirmed Denmark's right to let the Danish flag wave over that extensive Arctic country. Of the work performed by Denmark in Greenland in the past, the colonisation and the system of colonial Government under which Greenland is administered must first be mentioned. The first modern Colony in Greenland was founded by the clergyman Hans Egede, surnamed "the Apostle of Greenland". He was born in Norway, and was a clergyman in the Norwegian Church when he planned his Greenland work. But he was of Danish descent, and his work for the Christian faith and for civilisation in Greenland was almost from the start supported by Denmark, and carried out with the full sympathy of the Government at Copenhagen, where he resided after his return from Greenland until his death, and where he was instrumental in establishing a Greenland seminary for the training of missionaries and curates to continue the work he had begun. When he arrived in Greenland on July 3rd, 1721, Hans Egede landed on the West coast of Greenland, on an island which he called Haabets Ø, (The Island of Hope), and the Colony which he founded there he called Godthaab. Assisted by his worthy wife, Gertrud Rask, and his brave sons, he worked for fifteen years on the missions and colonisation, with great energy and at the expense of great personal risks and sacrifices. From the commencement his mission was supported by a small Greenland Company which he succeeded in getting started in Bergen, but this company did not last long and was dissolved owing to lack of funds, after which the mission and the trade with Greenland were taken over by the Danish Government. The Danish King Frederik IV thereafter commenced a great scheme of colonisation for the West coast and, during the time up to 1775, the twelve Colony Districts of which the Danish Colony area consists were founded. This is divided into two parts: South Greenland, with the Colony Districts Julianehaab, Frederikshaab, Godthaab, Sukkertoppen and Holstensborg, and North Greenland, with the Colony Districts Egedesminde, Christianshaab, Jakobshavn, Godhavn, Ritenbenk, Umanak and Upernivik. Far away to the North of these Colony Districts a small Eskimo tribe, called "Polar Eskimos", was discovered at Cape York in the beginning of the nineteenth century. Among these the Danish Arctic explorer Knud Rasmussen has repeatedly stayed during recent years in order to study this unique Polar tribe, which lived long without any connection whatever with the surrounding world. On one occasion, in 1910, he established North of Cape York a trading station named "Thule", from which centre five important "Thule" expeditions have started, some of them to North-west Greenland for the purpose of exploring and mapping the regions there. A mission station has also been cpened at Thule. Angmagssalik is the oldest Danish Colony on the East coast, dating from 1894. But besides Angmagssalik there are now a number of stations of more recent date on that coast. This |