A Manual of Civil Engineering

A₁ A₂ abutments alumina angle of repose arch Article ashlar beam bed-joint bending bending moment breadth bricks carbonate carbonic acid cast iron cement centre line centre of gravity centre of resistance chain clay computed consists cos² cross-section cubic curvature curve cutting deflection denote depth diameter direction distance earth earthwork embankment equal equation factor of safety feet figure fixed formula given greatest horizontal intensity joint layers length lime line of collimation load longitudinal M₁ masonry material moment of inertia mortar nearly neutral axis P₁ pair parallel perpendicular plane position pressure proportion radius represent retaining wall right angles rock sand shearing force shearing stress side silicates slope span spandril stability station station-line stone straight line strength stress structure struts surface tangent telescope tenacity theodolite thickness thrust timber transverse triangle uniform vertical weight