Northern Europe. Possessing a fine personal appearance, a kindly face, an amiable disposition, and rare affability of manner, and being an accomplished linguist and a man of extensive general information, he enjoyed extraordinary opportunities of mingling in the best circles of European society, and was on terms of personal and friendly intercourse with many of the crowned heads of Europe. He was also the valued and intimate friend of the most eminent scholars and evangelical clergymen of Great Britain and the Continent; and, from his abundant labors on both sides of the Atlantic, received the name of the "International Preacher." Upon the formation of the Foreign Evangelical Society, since merged in the American and Foreign Christian Union, he became its agent and corresponding secretary. In 1842 he published, in Scotland, "A View of Religion in America," a work which excited much attention in Europe, as being the most complete account of the religious condition of the United States which had been published up to that time. It was translated into some of the continental languages. In 1843 he returned home and remained for three years engaged in active labors for the promotion of the work of aiding the spread of Protestantism in Europe, both by personal and written appeals. In 1846 he again visited Europe to attend the World's Temperance Convention in Stockholm, and the meeting of the Evangelical Alliance in London, and spent about a year and a half abroad, visiting Russia, where he was very cordially welcomed by the Czar, and also the German States. On his return he delivered, in connection with his labors as Secretary of the Christian Union, a series of lectures on the Continent of Europe, in most of the principal cities of the country. He subsequently crossed the Atlantic several times, but his visits there were less protracted than those already mentioned. He took a great interest in the Waldenses, and rendered efficient service in bringing their churches and institutions into Turin and its vicinity. His last visit to Europe was made in 1862, and he vindicated, in London, before public assemblies, the cause of the Union against secession with great energy and eloquence, though many of his former friends were at that time hostle to the United States. Dr. Baird had been, through life, a man of most indomitable industry, and found time, amid his other arduous labors, to prepare many volumes for the press. Among them are the following: "View of the Valley of the Mississippi," 1832; "History of the Temperance Societies" (translated into five languages), 1836; "View of Religion in America" (already mentioned), Glasgow, 1842 (this was translated into seven or eight languages); "Protestantism in Italy," Boston, 1845; "The Christian Retrospect and Register," New York, 1851; "History of the Albigenses, Waldenses, and Vaudois; " " Visit to Northern Europe," 1857; besides many small volumes, pam

phlets, etc., etc. His death was quite sudden, and was caused by a severe hemorrhage from the lungs, which occurred on the 11th of March.

BALDWIN, ROGER SHERMAN, LL.D., an American jurist and statesman, born in New Haven, Conn., January. 4th, 1793; died in the same city February 19th, 1863. He was of Puritan stock on both the father's and mother's side, his father, the Hon. Simeon Baldwin, being a descendant of one of the Puritan emigrants who settled at New Haven with the Rev. John Davenport; whilst his mother was the daughter of Roger Sherman, one of the most eminent of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, himself descended from the early Puritan settlers of western Connecticut. The Hon. Simeon Baldwin, or Judge Baldwin, as he was usually called, had represented his district in Congress for some years, and was subsequently, until he reached the limit of age assigned by the State Constitution, Judge of the Superior Court and the Supreme Court of Errors of the State.

His son, the subject of this notice, entered Yale College at the age of fourteen, and graduated in 1811, with high honors. On the completion of his collegiate course, he commenced the study of law, first in his father's office, and afterward in the then famous law school of Judges Reeve and Gould, at Litchfield, Conn. Here his intense application, and his rapid acquisition of the science of law gained him a high encomium from Judge Gould. He was admitted to the bar in 1814, and by his industrious and thorough study of the principles of law, his careful preparation of his cases, his remarkable command of pure and elegant language, and the precision, definiteness, and logical character of his pleas, soon attained a very high rank in his profession. His preference was for the classes of cases which involved the great principles of jurisprudence rather than those where success depended upon appeals to the sympathies or prejudices of a jury; still he was rarely unsuccessful in jury cases, and his dignified and lofty eloquence, enforced as it was by the conviction that he would not engage in a cause which he believed to be unjust or dishonest, gave him great weight with a jury. One of the most celebrated cases in which he was engaged, and one in which his great qualities as a lawyer were finely displayed, was that of the Africans of the Amistad, in 1841. He managed their case against the Spanish authorities, who claimed them as the slaves of parties in Cuba, in the district court of Connecticut; and when the decision there was in favor of the Africans, and the executive authorities at Washington had appealed the case to the Supreme Court of the United States, he was associated with the venerable John Quincy Adams in defending their right to freedom. His plea on that occasion was pronounced by his learned and eloquent colleague, and by Chancellor Kent, one of the ablest fo

sults so unexpected and glorious, our gratitude and adoration are due to that wonder-working God, who still "maketh the wrath of man to praise him, while the remainder of that wrath he restrains." (Psalm lxxvi. 10.)

Resolved, That in the recent acts of Congress, abolishing slavery forever in the District of Columbia and in the Territories, and in the noble proclamation of the President of the United States, declaring freedom to the slave in States in rebellion, we see cause for congratulation and joy, and we think we behold the dawn of that glorious day, when, as in Israel's ancient jubilee, "liberty shall be proclaimed throughout all the land, unto all the inhabitants thereof." (Leviticus xxv. 10.)

The Publication Society issued, in the course of the year, twenty-one Sunday-school books, and eighteen children's tracts. Of these, with the Baptist Almanac, Report, and Catalogues, there were printed 81,300 copies. Including the new editions of former publications, the total number of books and tracts issued during the year amounted to 343,850 copies. The Society employed 35 missionary colporteurs, 14 of whom labored in Sweden, the rest in the United States. The receipts were $65,044 (against $56,306 in 1862).

The Home Mission Society employed 87 missionaries, 9 of whom preached in foreign languages. Its receipts amounted to $39,647 (against $37,894 in 1862).

The American and Foreign Bible Society held its twenty-sixth annual meeting on May 14th, in New York city. Receipts for the year $19,247 (against $16,688 during the preceding year).

The American Baptist Free Mission Society held its twentieth anniversary on May 27th, at Mount Holly, New Jersey. Its receipts for the year were $19,538. A series of resolutions pledging strong support to the Union of the States, and demanding the abolition of slavery, were unanimously passed. A report expressing fraternal sympathy with the anti-slavery masses of Great Britain, was also unanimously adopted.

Through the agency of the secretary of the Home Mission Society, and Mr. Harris, U. S. senator from New York and a prominent member of the Baptist communion, the Secretary of War gave full and formal authority to the Home Mission Society to take possession of every abandoned Baptist meeting house within the insurrectionary districts, and of every other Baptist church edifice in the hands of the Confederates. The Government promised the Society every practicable protection in their new fields of labor, and corre-ponding facilities for reaching them.

The General Convention, as well as the Missionary, Educational, and Publishing Societies of the Seventh-Day Baptists, was held at Adams Centre, Jefferson county, New York, on September 9th. The receipts of the Missionary Society during the year were $2,634. The following resolutions were unanimously adopted:

Resolved, That the General Conference reaffirms its interest and confidence in the General Government, VOL. III.-11 A

and desires to see the war prosecuted, on its part, until the rebellion is entirely crushed, and the authority of the Government fully restored; and that it will render, to this end, all the support at its command.

Resolved, That we approve the incipient steps taken by the Executive Board to establish a mission among the freedmen, and would recommend its prosecution as soon as possible.

At the meeting of the Baptist Missionary Convention of Canada West, which was held at Hamilton, an attempt to introduce two Confederate chaplains who had escaped from Fort Mellenry, and wished to get funds to run the blockade, was met with a storm of hisses, and was utterly fruitless, and a resolution was subsequently passed condemning slavery, and sympathizing with the North.

The Baptist churches in the Confederate States continued to suffer greatly from the effects of the war. Their foreign missions in China and Africa were entirely cut off from communication with the churches and the Missionary Society from which they derived their support. The Board of Foreign Missions appointed, therefore, a committee at Baltimore,

to secure and transmit funds for the use of the

Southern Baptist missionaries, and otherwise to promote the interests of their missions in foreign lands. The Government of the United of the Baltimore committee, to go to Richmond, States gave permission to Rev. Dr. Fuller, one to receive $2,000, which had accumulated there. The Baltimore committee made an urgent appeal to the Border State Baptists to maintain the Southern Baptist Mission. The General Convention of Kentucky resolved to do all in its power for this purpose.

The London "Freeman," the leading organ of the English Baptists, gives the following statement of the strength and other statistics of the Baptists of the three kingdoms as follows: England contains 1,782 churches, with 188,374 members; Wales 455 churches, and 53,783 members; Scotland 97 churches, 7,940 members; Ireland 36 churches, 1,348 members. Total number of churches, 2,370; membership, 251,445. It is to be remarked that these totals are estimated, the average membership of all the churches known being taken for those whose membership is not ascertained. England has 478 churches without pastors; Wales 116; Scotland 19, and Ireland 8. Certain of the churches included in these estimates are claimed as well by the Congregationalists.

The Baptist Societies of England had, for the year 1863, the following income: Baptist Missionary Society, £27,189; Baptist Home Mission, £1,700; Bible Translation Society, £1,809.

An interesting legal decision was obtained on the question of open communion. The court had been called upon to restrain a Baptist minister, by injunction, from permitting the chapel to be used by any other persons than Particular Baptists, and for a declaration that on the true construction of the trust deeds none but Particular Baptists were entitled to participation in the Lord's Supper. The Vice

Chancellor minutely examined the trust deeds, as well as the "Confession of Faith "published by the body in 1643 and 1680 and at other times. He did not see that the delegates from the churches, who took part in the meetings where the Confessions were drawn up, held strict communion to be an essential and fundamental doctrine, and he did not see that it was insisted upon in the trust deeds of the chapel in question. He decided, therefore, to dismiss the case.

The Baptist Union of England, at one of its quarterly ineetings, adopted an address to the American Baptist churches, expressive of its views on the American war and slavery. The following are the most important passages of this address:

It will not be needful for us to prove that the fatal origin of your present national discords has been the existence in your midst of the sinful institution of slavery. In former times we have ventured to urge upon you the duty of denouncing and extirpating this baneful and unholy institution; but now we rejoice to believe that nearly all classes among you are convinced that it is wholly opposed to the will of God, and fruitful only in calamity to those who uphold it. Yes, brethren, it is slavery that has prevented our maintaining with you that close and brotherly intercourse which your hearts ardently desired; it is slavery that has so lamentably alienated one portion of your people from the other; it is slavery that has excited fierce and ungovernable passions, which will neither listen to reason nor submit to law. And it is the foul pollution and gross injustice of slavery that have brought upon you the chastisement of Heaven, and deluged your once happy and prosperous land with seas of human blood. Brethren, it has grieved us beyond all our power to express, to know that this unhallowed and accursed institution has been upheld and defended by many who profess to believe with us in the Scriptures of eternal truth; men who bear among Christians the honored name of Baptists, and claim the same spiritual lineage with ourselves. And in proportion to our former grief is the joy we now experience in learning from one of our official correspondents amongst you, that the Baptist churches and associations in your Northern States have generally, if not universally, arrived at the conviction that slavery must be forthwith destroyed. We deprecate with all our heart the efforts of interested or malicious men in this country to exasperate strife between us, or help the abettors of slavery in yours; and we shall use our utmost endeavors to strengthen the patience of our suffering countrymen, and to encourage our rulers to maintain that wise policy of non-interference which they have hitherto observed.

Be assured, brethren, that our hatred of slavery is as intense as it ever was, and that our sympathies are altogether with those who strive for its total abolition throughout the entire world.

The sixth Triennial Conference of the German Baptists was held in Hamburg in July. About ninety pastors, missionaries, and delegates were present. From the report of the Committee of the Union it appeared that during the last three years 4,658 persons had been baptized; that there was a clear increase in the membership of the churches during that time of 3,367; and that the present number of members was 11,275. It also stated that nine new churches had been formed, and 327 stations established for preaching the gospel.

The progress of the Baptists in Sweden continues to be marked. According to a report of

Rev. Mr. Wiberg, the founder of the Swedish mission, in the whole of Sweden, during the year, there were formed 14 new churches, baptized 850, restored 69, excluded 288. At the 1st of January, 1863, there were 161 churches, with 5,515 members; 4,231 children gathered in Sunday schools, with 90 teachers. Cases of persecution constantly occur all over the country. Baptist parents are often fined or charged to pay godfathers and policemen for assisting the priests. The Baptist Executive Committee published five baptismal tracts. Twenty-one of the churches now have places of worship of their own; the others assemble in private houses.

Considerable additions to the number of Baptists were made in Poland and in the Russian province of Courland. In the latter great ef forts were made to put them down. The congregation of Libau sent two of its members as delegates to St. Petersburg, who had an interview with the emperor. This interview dad not arrest persecution, for the district court of Courland condemned two Baptists to exile from Russia for preaching Baptist sentiments. Toward the close of the year, however, the Directing Senate of Russia reversed this decision of the district court of Courland, and the emperor issued an ukase, which forbids the restraining of Baptist preachers by force, and declares such force all the "more to be deprecated in a doctrine of religion, which may later find acknowledgment." So great an advance on the past policy of the Russian authorities was hailed as a wonderful sign by the Bap tists of Germany, and Rev. Mr. Oncken, of Hamburg, the founder of the German mission, resolved to proceed to St. Petersburg, to organ ize a congregation in the capital of the Russian empire.

The first impulse to the establishment of a Baptist mission in Italy was given in October, 1860, by the "True Union," a Baptist paper of Maryland. In 1862, two Baptist clergymen of England, Rev. Edward Clarke, of Tiverton, and Rev. James Wall, of Calne, visited Italy, and on their return made an appeal to the English Baptists for the establishment of an Italian muis sion. This appeal was warmly responded to, and in October, 1863, Rev. James Wall took his departure from England as the first Baptist missionary to Italy.

BEAUCHAMP, HENRY BEAUCHAMP LYGON, Earl, an English peer, born in Powyke, Worcestershire, in 1784, died at Madrestiell Court, Great Malvern, Sept. 8th, 1863. Ee entered the army July 9th, 1803, served in the Peninsula with the 16th Dragoons at the capture of Oporto, battles of Talavera and Bsace and elsewhere, and was severely wounded at Busaco. He eventually became a general in the army, colonel in succession of the 10 Hussars and the 2d Life Guards, and chamberlain in waiting to the Queen. He sat in the House of Commons for the county of Worcester, before the passing of the Reform Bill, and afterward

for the Western Division of the county, altogether for more than a quarter of a century. He was first elected for the county in 1816; and during the Reform agitation, being opposed to the measure, was defeated. The Reform Bill passed during the next year, and Worcestershire was separated into two divisions, East and West; Gen. Lygon, having been elected for the latter, continued to sit for that division until his elevation to the Upper House. In politics he was a conservative. In 1853 he succeeded his brother to the earldom. In his death the nation lost a faithful and trustworthy servant and soldier, and the county of Worcester, a benefactor who was always ready to aid in any charitable or benevolent work.

BEECHER, LYMAN, D. D., an American clergyman and author, born in New Haven, Conn., September 12th, 1775, died in Brooklyn, N. Y., January 10th, 1863. His early life was spent in the family of his uncle, Lot Benton, of North Guilford, where he was fitted for college by Rev. Thomas W. Bray, the minister of the parish. He entered Yale Cyllege in 1793, at the age of 18, and graduated in 1797, having spent part of his senior year in the study of theology, under President Dwight. He continned these studies till September, 1798, when he was licensed to preach, and soon afterward began to supply the pulpit of the Presbyterian church at East Hampton, Long Island, where he was ordained, in September, 1799. In 1810 he accepted an invitation to the pastorate of the First Congregational church, in Litchfield, Conn., and was installed in June of that year. He remained at Litchfield until March, 1826, and he says, in his autobiography, "it was the most laborious part of his life." His eloquence and zeal as a preacher, and the fearlessness and resolution with which he attacked the prevalent vice of intemperance, and led the way in the organization of Bible, Missionary, and Educational Societies, had gained him already a high reputation throughout New England. The rapid and extensive defection of the Congregational churches in the vicinity of Boston, under the lead of Dr. Channing and others, had excited much anxiety throughout New England, and, in 1826, Mr. Beecher was called to Boston to the pastorate of the Hanover street church, at the urgent request of his clerical brethren, to uphold the ancient doctrines of Puritanism against the onset of the able and adroit leaders of the Unitarian party. He remained there six years and a half, and battled against his opponents with an eloquence, a logical vigor, and an overwhelming power, which won for him the admiration of the thembers of his own denomination, and the respect and esteem which men always feel for an ardent, earnest, and honest fighter. It was during his residence here, also, that his "Sermons on Intemperance," most of which had been preached in Litchfield, were first published. No more pungent and effective portraitures and denunciations of a national vice have

ever appeared in print. In 1832, when 57 years of age, he was called to the presidency of the Lane Theological Seminary at Cincinnati, and a large amount of money was pledged to the institution on condition of his acceptance. He carried to the West the same fiery ardor, the same earnestness in his advocacy of what he believed to be truth, and the same power in assailing what he believed to be error under whatever form it might appear, which had characterized his ministry in Boston. He remained at the head of the seminary for nineteen years, and his name was continued in its catalogue, as president, until his death. During the first ten years of his presidency he was also acting pastor of the Second Presbyterian church in Cincinnati. It was not long after his removal to Cincinnati that he electrified the religious public in the East, by the publication of a tract, showing the danger of Roman Catholic supremacy in the West. In the theological controversies, which led to the excision of a portion of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in 1837-'8, he took an active part, though untinged with bitterness. In 1851 he returned to Boston, where he preached with great vigor and power, notwithstanding his advanced age. About his 80th year he suffered from an attack of paralysis, that affected his mental powers, which thenceforth only gleamed out occasionally with some indications of their former splendor. He removed about this time to Brooklyn, N. Y., where his last years were passed. Dr. Beecher was the author of a large number of published sermons and addresses, most of them occasional and miscellaneous, though some are deserving of permanent preservation for their extraor dinary ability and eloquence. Ilis "Sermons on Intemperance," already mentioned, still have a large sale. He made a collection of some of those he deemed most valuable, which was published in 1852, in 3 vols. 12mo. Ilis autobiog raphy, and a selection from his published works, edited by his son, Rev. Charles Beecher, are now (March, 1864) passing through the press of Messrs. Harper and Brothers. During the period of his active ministry from 1815 to 1851, no clergyman of any denomination in the United States was more widely known, or exerted a more powerful influence on the educated mind of the country. He was the father of 13 children, of whom ten survived him, most of whom have attained literary or theological distinction. Rev. Edward Beecher, D.D., Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, the pastor of Plymouth Church, Miss Catharine E. Beecher, and Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe, the authoress of "Uncle Tom's Cabin," are the best known of this remarkable family.

BERRY, HIRAM GEORGE, a major-general of volunteers in the United States service, born in Thomaston (now Rockland), Maine, August 27th, 1824, killed at the battle of Chancellorsville, May 3d, 1863. In early life he had acquired the carpenter's trade, and