of a pencil of light passing through it from a star to the eye. Show that the simple principle of the Telescope is this:-The outer glass brings the distant object within a convenient distance of the spectator by forming an image of it in the air, which he looks at and examines by the eye-glass as a near object in the manner described under question 12. Do the object-glass and eye-glass assist each other in magnifying the object seen?—or does only one of them magnify?

15. Explain the physical causes of the Monsoons in the Bay of Bengal, showing what determines the seasons of their changing. Why does the S. W. Monsoon begin to blow at the Sandheads before it blows in the latitude of Ceylon ?

16. What arguments can you adduce to show that the attraction of the Sun and Moon produces the Tides of the Ocean? Why are there no perceptible Tides in the Mediterranean Sea, while there are in Rivers? State what peculiarities there are in River-Tides.

17. Although water is generally considered to be incompressible, it is found by accurate experiments not to be absolutely so. Suppose that the law of compression is such, that for every addition of pressure equal to the weight of a cubic foot of sea water taken from the surface of the Ocean, the density is increased by a 4th part of the density at the surface. Would a piece of metal seven times as heavy as the same bulk of sea water at the surface sink to the bottom of the Ocean in parts which are a mile and a half deep, supposing the metal to be incompressible? Show that if the metal be considered compressible (as of course it must be in reality) it will sink to the bottom at all depths, if its density at first be greater than that of sea water at the surface, and if its compressibility do not bear a less ratio to that of sea water than the inverse ratio of their densities at the surface.

18. A stone arch is to be constructed over a stream with voussoirs having their joints all perpendicular to a vertical plane. Show what the relation between the weights of the voussoirs and the angles of inclination of the joint should be that equilibrium may subsist even supposing there were no friction between the voussoirs. Is this theoretical calculation of any use in the practical construction of a bridge,—and, if so, of what use? How is a stone bridge (in which the friction must be enormous) most likely to fall, if it fall at all?

VERNACULAR ESSAY.

সমুদ্র পথ দিয়া দেশ দেশান্তরে গিয়া বাণিজ্য

করিবার ফল বর্ণনা কর।

English Essay.

'On the Study of History and Biography.

JUNIOR SCHOLARSHIPS, 1847.

Grammar.

1. What is Grammar? And into how many and what parts is it usually divided? what do you understand by the word "Etymology"?............

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2. Give instances of words in which the letter b is silent; and of words in which, though silent, it has the effect of lengthening or shortening the syllable. Give a list of the diphthongs of which the letter e is a component, and mention the several sounds of each. 35 3. Explain the principle upon which the neuter personal pronoun it is frequently used without apparent reference to any noun, and state to what it refers in each of the following sentences: "It is he that did it.""It is the dews and showers that make the grass grow." "It was I that helped her." "It is not for you to try this."

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4. Into what classes are verbs usually divided? What are the properties of a verb? What is expressed by the indicative mood? What by the subjunctive? What by the infinitive? What is a participle? What is an auxiliary verb? Give a list of the auxiliary verbs in the English language.

5. What is the word if? When is it followed by the indicative, and when by the subjunctive mood of a verb?

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6. Describe the different modes by which the plural number of nouns is formed from the singular. What is the plural of fly, day, loaf, child? What is the singular of oxen, knives, mice, teeth? What do you understand by nouns of number or multitude? When in the singular number, are they usually followed by a verb in the singular or by a verb in the plural number?

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7. Parse the following sentence: "If the shew of any thing be good for anything, I am sure sincerity is better: for why does any 66 man dissemble, or seem to be that which he is not, but because he "thinks it good to have such a quality as he pretends to? Now the "best way in the world to seem to be anything, is really to be what "he would seem to be."

8. Point out the errors that are to be found in the syntax and style of the following sentences, and express the intended meaning of each sentence in grammatical and perspicuous language.

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"I leave it to your consideration the effect any of these opinions "must have had, on the institution of a new court of justice, among "inhabitants whom the weight and terror of their oppressions have "enslaved, bowed, and depraved, that the most intolerable injuries "cannot rouse them to sufficient confidence to look up to the purest "and firmest tribunal."

"If we are thus liable to error, how much more a man who lived "2000 years ago in the centre of a vast country like China, who "never saw probably any people but Chinese, and never heard the "utterance of any other tongue but his own."

"To the king at the head of the state, or the general at the head "of his army, he declares that modesty is equally useful and com"mendable as to the meanest subject or soldier."

9. Explain the difference between a simile and a metaphor. What is metonymy? and how is that figure used in the following verses ? Here garrulous old age winds up his tale,

And jovial youth hears not the voice of mirth

Grecian History.

History.

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1. Into how many periods is Grecian history divided-what leading circumstances gave its character to each?

2. The situation of Marathon-its distance from Athens-what Allies joined the Athenians at the temple of Hercules? Who was the chief Athenian General at Marathon-do you know any previous matter of accusation against him? How many Generals were in the Athenian army besides the one you have mentioned? Who gave the casting vote for coming immediately into action? Who commanded the right wing? Who formed the left wing? The distance between the armies before coming into action—the result of the battle-the meaning of the phrase "medised"?

3. Under what circumstances was Athens set on fire-by whomwhat did the Athenians determine on-who set the example-where did they principally seek refuge-who was Eurybiades-his conduct and that of Themistocles respectively in this crisis-state the number of the opposing powers, whether by land or by sea-describe the conflictwhere did the hostile Persian leader retreat to ?

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What can you state about the Grecian literature about this timewhat are the Homeric poems-what kind of poetry is the work of Hesiod entitled "Works and Days"? Is it the same as the Homeric-the difference? Do you recollect a warrior bard who fought at Marathon, Salamis and Platea? You have mentioned the three periods of Grecian History, to which of these do all the questions which have been put belong?

4. What led to the Peloponnesian war-who were on the side of the Lacedemonians-what wrong caused the war-who led the Lacedemonian troops-state the policy of Pericles on the occasion of Athens being invaded? when did the plague attack the people of Athens-whence proceeded the disease—what historian gives a minute account of it—at what time do you conceive the Athenians to have been most powerful

and most cultivated?

5. What do you know about the thirty tyrants? What was the state of the Athenians at the time? What do you know about the death of Theramenes? How came the tyranny to an end? What is meant by the retreat of the Ten Thousand-whence were they retreating--who was the foreign ally they were aiding-do you know the line of country through which they retreated-who describes it? To what period of Grecian History did all this belong?

6. What were the relations between Macedonia and Athens in the reign of Philip? In what interest was Demosthenes-the scope of his orations-what was the contest in eloquence between himself and Eschines-who gained the victory? What battle decided the fate of Greece for ever—the fate of Philip of Macedon-the circumstances that led to the death of Demosthenes-the manner of his death? What do you know of Alexander's invasion of India-how did his army return and from what point-who commanded the sea expedition—where did Alexander die ?

Roman History.

1. When was Rome invaded by the Gauls-state the story about weighing the gold-who exclaimed “ væ victis”—the meaning of them? What is the story of Tertula? How was Rome rebuilt? What insurrection was Manlius concerned in-what was his fate-what struggle was terminated by the passing of the Licenian laws? What is the story of Marcus Curtius-do you believe it? Did the Gauls appear before Rome again and when?