of genera from the class Gynandria, and arranged them according to the number and connexion of their stamina. This class should comprehend those plants only whose stamina are attached to the pistillum; but Linnæus has introduced some whose stamina stand under the germen, attached to an elongation of the peduncle, which rises above the receptacle; and to the admission of these Willdenow objects, we think, with good reason. Although the improvements made on the arrangement of Linnæus be unimportant, the changes among, and additions to, his genera and species, by Willdenow and others, have been very numerous. How far, in every instance, he has acted properly or otherwise, in making and adopting these, cannot be determined by any one who has not had access to the same sources of information as Willdenow himself, and who has not bestowed the same attention. From a pretty full examination of his voluminous work, however, we are disposed to rate his abilities as a botanist very high, and to place much confidence in his accuracy. His Species Plantarum, we are confident, will be highly prized by those who are best able to appreciate its merits. He has described a considerable number of species himself, and corrected such descriptions of former species as appeared to him not sufficiently accurate. We have compared some of these corrections, made on the descriptions of species with which we are acquainted, and find they render the diagnosis more complete. He always mentions in what state he had seen the plants from which he has taken his descriptions; whether from a living plant or from a dried specimen; from one in flower; in fruit, or otherwise: so that an opinion may be formed how far the accuracy of his descriptions may be depended on. He likewise quotes his authority for every thing he has taken from others. To give some idea of the great additions and many changes that have been made since the time of Linnæus, we shall now mention the number of the genera and species which have been added to the different classes, and notice the changes that have been made in each. Genera added to the class MONANDRIA, viz. Monogynia-Hellenia 4 species, Hornstedtia 2, Hedychium 1; Phrynium 1, the Pontideria Ovata of Linnæus; Lopezia 1, Phylydrum 1, Cucularia 1, Qualia 2, Usteria 1, Pollichia 1, Mith ridatea 1. Digynia-Lacistema 1. 28 Species of former genera have been added to this class, 16 of which have been described by Wildenow, viz. Amomum 8, 7 of which are described by Willdenow. Costus 2. Alpinia 2, I 1 described by W. havia 6, 4 by W. Maranta 2, both by W. Thalia 1. Genera added to the class DIANDRIA. Monogynia-Pimelia, 4 species, composed of Passerina Gnidia, P. pilosa, and P. prostrata of Linnæus. Gallipea 1, Wulfenia 1, Cyrtandria 2, Boea 1, Ghinia 2, Sciuris 1, Fontanesia 1, Lithophila 1, Linociera 1, Aruna 1. Digynia Crypsis 1, the Anthoxanthum aculeatum Lin. suppl. Schoenus aculeatus of the Spec. Plant. 172 Species of former genera have been added to this class, 44 of which are described by Willdenow, viz. Monogynia-Jasminum 9, 2 by W. Chionanthus 3, 1 by W. Syringa 2, 1 by W. 7 by W. Pæderota 1. Justicia 57, 10 by W. by W. Calceolaria 5. Pinguicula 1, and by W. both by W. Verbena 4, narda 2. Ligustrum 1. Olea 2. 2 by W. Cunila 1, and by W. MoRosmarina 1. Salvia 26, 8 by W. Collonsonia 1. Ancistrum 1. Anthoxanthum 1. Digynia --Piper 29, 6 by W. New genera added to the class TRIANDRIA. Monogynia--Aristea 1, the Ixia Africana of Linnæus. Wit senia 1, the Antholyza Maura of Lin. Marica 1, Xiphidium 2, Oxylaphus 1, Macrolobium 3, Rohria 1, Tonsella 2, Fissilia 1, Mapania 1, Miegia 1. Digynia-Mecklenbergia 1. Perotis 2, 1 of them the Saccharum Spicatum of Lin. Lursia 4, of which the Phallaris Orizoides of Lin. is 1. Pappophorum 1. Lappago 1, the Cenhrus Racemosus of Lin. Trigynia-Donatia 1, the Polycarpon Magellanicum of Lin. 423 Species of former genera added to this class, 105 of which have been described by Willdenow. Monogynia---Valeriana 6. Comocladia 1, and by W. Polycnemum 4, 3 by W. Crocus 1, and by W. Hyppocratea 2, 1 by W. Ixia 22, 9 by W. Gladiolus 28, 14 by W. Antholyza Iris 16, 6 by W. Morea 5, 2 by W. Wachendorfia 2. Commelina 3, 2 by W. Xyris 3, 1 by W. Kyllengia 4, 1 by W. Shoenus 26, 3 by W. X 3 3 10, 8 by W. Cynosurus Bromus 9, 1 by W. Sti 5. Aristidia 3. Lolium 1, Elymus 2, 1 by W. Hor Trigynia Trigynia-Ericaulon, 3, 1 by W. and by W. Queria 1. Lechia 1. Holosteum 1. Mollugo 1, New genera added to the class TETANDRIA, Monogynia-Rupala 2, Opercularia 3, Carphalia 1, Mattuschkæa 1, Roussea 1, Froelichia 1, Scolosanthus 1, Ernodea 1, Siderodendrum 1, Haffmannia 1, Chomelia 1, Petitia 1, Myonima 2, Pyrostria 1, Cunninghamia 2, Coccosypsilum 3, Wallenia 1, Witheringia 1, Myrmecia 1, Labatia 2, Laciostoma 1, Bellardia 1, Glossoma 1, Monetia 2, Blackburnia 1, the Ptelea Pinnata of Lin. Skimmia 1, Othera 1, Curticia 1, Chloranthus 1, Gonatocarpus 1. Trigynia-Boscia 1. 195 New species added to the class TETANDRIA, 74 of which have been described by Willdenow. Monogynia-Protea 23, 4 by W. Banksia 4, 1 by W. Embothrium 5, all by W. Globularia 2. Scabiosa 7, 1 by W. Hedyotes 4, 2 by W. Spermacoce 14, 6 by W. Asperula 1. Diodia 5, 1 by W. Knoxia 1, and by W, Houstonia 1, and by W. Gallium 24, 10 by W. Cruciannella 3, 2 by W. Ru bia 2, 1 by W. Siphonanthus 1, and by W. Catesbæa 1. Ixora 3. Pavetta 3, 1 by W. Petesia 1. Egiphila 7, 4 by W. Callicarpa 6, 2 by W. Aquartia 1, and by W. Manettia 3, all by W. Penæa 1. Blæria 4. Budleia 4. Exacum 7, 4 by W. Plantago 11. Cissus 11. Cornus 4. Samara 3, 1 by W. Fugara 7, 4 by W. Ludweigia 2. Oldenlandia 6, 1 by W. Ammannia 2, 1 by W. Dorstenia 6, 1 by W. Pethos 5, 3 by W. Elæagnus 6. Struthiola 1. Rivina 1, and by W. Atchemilla 1, and by W. Digynia-Cuscuta 3, 1 by W. Tetragynia-Ilex 15, 3 by W. Myginda 1. Hypecoum 1. Galopina 1. New genera added to the class PENTANDRIA. Monogynia-Direna 1, Bacopa 1, Fagræa 1, Sprengelia 1, Styphelia 8, Weigelia 2, Trigura 2, Cantua 4, 1 of which, viz. the C. coronopifolia, is the Ipomea Rubra Syst. Veg. and the Polemonium rubrum Spec. Plant. Lin. Lightfootia 2; the one, viz. L. oxycoccoides is the Lobelia tinella of Linnæus; and the other, viz. the L. subula, is the Campanula capillacea of the same author. Sphenoclea 1, Thouinia 1, Solandra 1, Cyphia 6, 3 of which, viz. the C, volubilis, C. bulbosa, and C. phytium, are of the Lobelia of Lin., with the same trivial names. Goodenia 9, Solina 1, Ucriana 1, Chimarrhis 1, Dentilla 1, Vangueria 1, Canephora 2, Cephalis 12, Berteria 1, Schwenkfeldia 3, Bæobotrys 2, Stræmia 4, the S. tetrandra is the Cleome fruticosa of Lin., which he places in the Tetradynamia Siliquose. Shoepfia 1, Erithalis Erithalis 2, Geniostoma 1, Tabarosa 2, Serissa 1, the Licium fætidum of Lin. Cryptostomum 1, Ardesia 8, Basovia 1, Li ta 2. Besides those already mentioned, other 42 genera have been added to this class. Of these we shall only mention such as contain species that have been transposed from former genera. Bumelia 12; two of these, viz. the B. tenax and B. fætidissima, are the Sideroxylon tenax and fætidissima of Lin. ; and the B. salicifolia is the Achras salicifolia Lin. Zyziphus 10; of these the Z. vulgaris was the Rhamnus Zyziphus Lin. The Z. lineatus, Z. volubilis, Z. paliurus, Z. napeca, Z. jujuba, Z. lotus, Z. œnoplia, and Z. spina christi, were formerly species of Rhamnus which had the same trivial names. Scopolia 2; one of which, viz. the S. aculeata, is the Paullinia Asiatica Lin. Staavia 2, composed of the Brunia radiata and the B. glutinosa Lin. Elecdendrum contains 2 species, 1 of which, the E. argan, is the Rhamnus Siculus Linnæi. Strelitzia 2; the one the Heliconia alba, and the other the H. Bihaæ of Lin. Webera 3; one of which, viz. the W. corymbosa, is the Rondeletia Asiatica Lin. Trigynia-Portulacaria 1, the Crassula Portulacaria Lin. 914 Species of former genera added to this class. Monogynia-Helliotropium 16, Myosotis 7, Lithospermum 8, Anchusa 6, Cynoglossum 16, Pulmonaria 1, Cerinthe 1, Onosma 5, Borago 2, Lycipsis 2, Echium 11, Messerschmidia 1,) Tournefortia 3, Androsace 4, Primula 10, Tricratus 1, Cyclamen 2, Hottonia 2, Lysimachia 5, Anagallis 1, Theophrasta 1, Ophierrhiza 1, Lisianthus 10, Epacris 2, Plumbago 3, Phlox 2, Convolvulus 57, Ipomea 8, Campanula 21, Phyteuma 9, Nauclea 5, Rondeletia 10, one of which, the R. tomentosa, is the Petesia stipularis of Lin. Macrocnemum 2, Bellonia 1, Portlandia 2, Lobelia 13, Schaevola 2, Cinchona 6, of which the macrocarpa is the same with the C. officinalis of Gmelin. Willdenow gives a very good description of the C. officinalis, on the authority of Vahl; which is as follows. C. foliis ovatis lanceolatis glabris, capsulis oblongis.' Psychotria 33, Coffea 7, Chiococca 1, Hamellia 4, Lonicera 6, Triosteum 1, Musscenda 1, Verbascum 5, Atropa 1, Physalis 5, Solanum 44, Capsicum 2, Cestrum 7, Lycium 3, Jacquinia 1, Chironia 3, Cordia 11, Ethretia 5, Varronia 3, Laugeria 2, Chrysophyllum 5, Sideroxylon 3, Rhamnus 15, Phylica 6, Ceanothus 2, Buttneria 4, Agenia 1, Myrsine 1, Celastrus 21, Evonymus 4, Diosma 12, Brunia 2, Escallonia 1, Mangifera 1, Hirtella 2, Ribes 8, Viola 9, Impatiens 5, Hedera 3, Vitis 4, Claytonia 1, Heliconia 2, Achyranthes 7, Celosia 8, Illecebrum 3, Theseum 1, Rauwolfia 1, Poederia 1, Carissa 3, Cerbera 3, Gardenia 8, Nereum 4, Echites 7, Cameraria 1, Tabernæmontana 6. Digynia Pergularia 3, Periploca 6, Cynanchum 11, Apocynum 5, Asclepias 15, Ceropegia 4, Stapelia 46, Herniaria 1, Chenopodium 6, Beta 1, Salsola 9, Gomphrena 1, Ulmus 4, Hydrolea 1, Swertia 2, Gentiana 1, Dichondra 1, Eryngium 2, Hydrocotyle 4, Azorella 2, Astrantia 1, Bupliarum 7, Tordyllium 1, Caucalis 5, Bunium 1, Conium 1, Selinum 3, Athamanta 2, Peucedanum 6, Cachrys 3, Ferula 3, Laserpitium 10, Heracleum 4, Ligusticum 5, Angelica 1, Sium 9, Sison 1, Bubon 1, Oenanthe 5, thusa 1, Scandix 1, Charophyllum 3, Seseli 4, Smyrnium 2, Pimpinella 3. Trigynia--Rhus 10. Viburnum 12. Sambucus 1. Tamarix, 1. Xylophylla 3; Linnæus, on the authority of Brown, has placed this genus in the Pentandria Trigynia. Two of the species are Triandrius and Monoicus plants, viz. the Xylophylla arbuscula and falcata. One has hexandrious hermaphrodite flowers and female flowers mixt, viz. X. latifolia. Turnera 5. Pharnaceum 3. Basella 2. Tetragynia-Evolvulus 2. Pentagynia-Aralia 5. Glossopetalum 2. Statice 16. Drosera 2. Linum 6, Crassula 16. Mahernia 2, 33 Genera have been added to the class HEXANDRIA. Monogynia-Strumaria 6; one of which, the S. filifolia, is the Crinum tinellum Lin. Cyrtanthus 3; one of them, viz. the C. augustifolius, is the Crinum augustifolium Lin.; and the C. obliquus, is the Crinum obliquum Lin. Eucornis 5; one of them, the E. regia, formerly the Frittilaria regia Lin. Eriospermum 3; one, viz. the E. latifolia, was the Ornithogalum capense Lin. Sanseviera 3; two of which, the Guineensis and. Zeylanica, were formerly the Aletris hyacinthoides, and Aletris and Aloe hyacinthoides Lin. Lachenalia 24; the L. orchioides is the Phormium hyacinthoides of the supplement, and the Hyacinthus orchioides of the Sp. Pl. Lin.; the L. viridis, is the Hyacinthus viridis Lin.; the Scrotina, is the Hyacinthus serotinus Lin.; L. tricolor, is the Phormium Aloides of Lin. Veltheimia 4; two of which, the Viridifolia and Uvaria, were formerly the Aletris capensis, and Aletris uvaria; the latter was likewise the Aloe uvaria of the Sp. Pl. Lin, Bambusa 2; of which the B. arundinacea, is the Arundo Bambos Lin. Trigynia-Wurmbea 3; one of which, the Longiflora, was the Melanthium monopetalum Lin. 358 New species of former genera have been added to this class. Bromelia 3. Tillandsia 8. Tradescantia 8. Pontederia 2. Massonia 11. Narcissus 3. Pancratium 5. Crinum 3; one of which, the Erubescens, formerly the C. Americanum Lin. Hæmanthus 9; one of which, viz. the H. ciliaris, has been changed from the Hemanthus to the Amaryllis, and from Ama |