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ed States and Texas, 197-
199.

system, 57. See also Na- | Bocanegra, J. M. de, on Unit-
tional bank, Sub-treasury.
Barnburners, Democratic fac-
tion in New York, 271; and
Polk, 272-274; and Wilmot
Proviso, 274; and regular
national convention (1848),
274; presidential convention,
281; and Free Soil conven-
tion, 282.
Barrow, Alexander, and an-
nexation of Texas, 147.
Baylies, Francis, and Oregon,

37.

Bear Flag revolt, 234-238;
Frémont's interest, 234; and
Larkin's plans, 235;
Fré-
mont's policy, 236; begin-
ning, 237; capture of Sono-
ma, 238; Frémont at Sono-
ma, 238; merged, 238.
Belize, origin, 286; British
colony, 286; and Clayton-
Bulwer treaty, 292.
Benton, T. H., and Oregon, 37;

on Jackson and Van Buren
(1843), 126; on election of
1844, 137; Texas bill (1844),
144, 146; and annexation
resolution, 152; on tariff and
distribution acts (1841), 180;
and Frémont in California,
237; and pre-annexation ap-
propriation, 257, 258; advice
to California, 307, 317.
Berrien, J. M., and Tyler and
national-bank bill, 62; and
war with Mexico, 205; and
annexation of Mexican terri-
tory, 262, 264.
Béxar settled, 98.
Bibliographies of period 1840-
1850, 333.
Biographies of period 1840-
1850, 338.

Birney, J. G., nominated for
president, 47, 127.
Black, John, and Slidell mis-
sion, 209, 212, 217.

Botts, J. M., and Tyler, 64.
Boundaries, northern, of Louis-
iana Purchase settled, 74;
controversy over northern, of
original territory, 75, 77;
settled, 83; bibliography,
343. See also Northeastern,
Oregon, Texas.

Brazito battle, 240.
Bright, J. D., and extension of
Missouri Compromise, 303.
Brinkerhoff, Jacob, author of
Wilmot Proviso, 255, 256..
British Honduras. See Belize.
Brown, A. A., and Jackson on
Van Buren (1843), 126.
Brown, Milton, and annexation
of Texas, 150.
Brown, W. J., speakership con-
test, 318.

Bryant, W. C., and name
Öregon, 34.

Buchanan, James, and Oregon
(1845), 168; (1846), 171;
and Slidell mission, 209, 212,
220; and desire for whole of
Mexico, 251-253; and pre-
annexation appropriation,
257; ambition for presidency
(1848), 269, 270.
Buena Vista battle, 246.
Bulwer, Sir Henry, Clayton-

Bulwer treaty, 291; on inter-
pretation of it, 292.

Burnett, D. G., in Texas, 85.
Burr, Aaron, and Texas, 23.
Burt, Armistead, on Oregon
and Missouri Compromise,

302.
Butler, Anthony, and Tehuan-
tepec transit, 289.
Butler, B. F., Barnburner, de-

clines Polk's cabinet offer,
272; Polk removes, 273.
Butler, W. O., nominated for
vice-president, 275.

CABINET, disruption of Tyler's,
63, 65.
Calhoun, J. C., and national-
bank bill, 60; and Great
Britain and slavery in Texas,
113; and treaty of annexa-
tion, 116; secretary of state,
118; correspondence with
Pakenham on slavery, 118;
and Jackson on Van Buren
(1843), 126; and war with
Mexico, 205; and pre-an-
nexation appropriation, 258;
on Mexican War and slavery,
264; on rights of slavery in
territories, 297, 301;
and
judicial decision on territo-
rial slavery, 299; and Oregon
bill, 305; and southern ad-
dress (1849), 311; speech on
Clay's compromise resolu-
tions, 323;
California, desire for, 40; com-
merce with, 40; Mexican
government, 4I; disturb-
ances, 41, 230; American
settlers, 41; Jones's seizure
(1842), 197; British inten-
tions, 197, 209, 225; Polk
and purchase, 208, 225, 248;
Slidell's instructions on pur-
chase, 215; Kearny's march
to, 231; navy takes posses-
sion, 232, 233; Larkin's in-
structions, 232; Flores revolt,
234; Frémont and Bear Flag
revolt, 234-238; dissension
of American commanders,
local government, 239; ceded,
251; slavery conditions, 295;
temporary government, 296;
offered solutions on slavery
question, 298-301; Clayton
Compromise on, 306; Ben-
ton's advice on establishing
a government, 307; Polk's
check on it, 307; controversy
in Congress (1849), 307-309;
need of government, 315;

Taylor advises self-organiza-
tion, 315; discovery of gold
and consequent anarchy, 316;
state government organized,
slavery prohibited, 317; Clay's
compromise resolution on,
320; Clay on, 322; admis-
sion as free state, 328, 330;
bibliography, 338-340, 346.
Cameron, Simon, and tariff of
1846, 186.

Canada, Caroline affair, 68, 69;
and McLeod case, 70.
See
also Northeast boundary.
Caroline affair, 68, 69; McLeod

case, 70.

Cass, Lewis, candidacy (1844),

130; and pre-annexation ap-
propriation, 257; and in-
demnity from Mexico, 262;
nominated for president, 275;
political character, 275; de-
feated, 283; and popular
sovereignty, 300.

Castro, José, faction in Califor-
nia, 230; and Bear Flag
revolt, 237.

Central America, early scheme
of Isthmian transit, 285;
Belize and Mosquito Coast,
286; transit-way negotia-
tions, 290; Clayton-Bulwer
treaty, 291-293.
Cerro Gordo battle, 247.
Champoeg, French Canadian

settlement in Oregon, 38;
American local self-govern-
ment, 166.
Chappell, A. H., and annexa-
tion of Texas, 153.
Chapultepec battle, 250.
Chase, S. P., on introduction of
Wilmot Proviso, 256; speech
on Clay's compromise resolu-
tions, 326.
Chicago, population (1840), 10.
Chihuahua and Texas, 100.
Chihuahua City, Wool's expedi-
tion, 239; Doniphan in, 240.

Churubusco battle, 250.
Civil service, Harrison opposes
political activity, 49, 51;
scramble (1841), 52.
Claims against Mexico, breach
over (1836), 188-191; num-
ber and character, 191, 194;
action of Congress (1837),
192; Van Buren's demand,
193; commissioners to arbi-
trate, 193; action of com-
missioners, 194; failure to
pay adjusted, 195; futile
new conventions (1843), 195,
196; amount, 196; and
cession of territory, 213-215;
settlement by treaty of Gua-
dalupe-Hidalgo, 251.
Clay, Henry, why not nominat-
ed (1840), 44; and Harrison's
nomination, 45, 53;
Harrison as president, 53;
attitude towards Tyler, 54,
58, 65; bill to repeal sub-
treasury law, 57, 177; reso-
lution on necessary legisla-
tion, 58, 66, 175, 186; first
national-bank bill, 60; and
reaction against Whigs(1841),
65; resigns from Senate, 66;
opposes Texas annexation
treaty, 120, 124; nominated
for president, 128; Raleigh
and Alabama letters on Tex-
as, 135; defeated, 137; causes
of defeat, 137; compromise
resolutions (1850), 320;
speech on them, 322; in
committee of thirteen, 328.
Clayton, J. M., Clayton-Bulwer

and

treaty, 291; and interpreta-
tion of it, 292; Clayton Com-
promise, 304.

Clayton, Thomas, and war with
Mexico, 205.
Clayton-Bulwer treaty, provi-
sions, 291; interpretation,

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Clifford, Nathan, and desire for
whole of Mexico, 253.
Coahuila and Texas, 28, 100,
IOI, 105.

Cobb, Howell, speakership con-
test, 318.

Colombia._
_See New Granada.
Columbia River, christened, 34,

158; mouth discovered, 158.
Commerce, Oregon fur-trade,
35-37 with Mexican Cali-
fornia, 40; Oregon ocean,
159.

Compromise of 1850, Clay's
resolutions, 320; debate in
Senate, 321; Clay's speech,
322; Calhoun's speech, 323;
Webster's speech, 324-327;
Seward's speech, 326; Chase's
speech, 326; compromise
bills, 328; favoring circum-
stances, 329; passage, 330;
extent of compromise, 331;
bibliography, 345.

Congress, recognition of Texas

(1837), 91; attempted an-
nexation of Texas (1838),
and Oregon (1824), 161; and
claims on Mexico (1837), 192.

Twenty-seventh: extra ses-
sion called, 52; Whigs and
Tyler, 54, 58, 63-65, 174-176,
181, 183; message, 56; repeal
of sub-treasury, 57, 177;
Clay's programme, 58, 66,
175, 180; first national-bank
bill, 58-61; veto of it, 61;
second bill, 61-63; second
veto, 63-65; Oregon, 163;
carrying out of programme,
175; Tyler on compromise
tariff, 179; tariff act of 1841,
180; distribution of public-
lands proceeds, 180, 182-184;
Tyler asks for heavier duties
(1842), 181; temporary tariff
act, 182; veto of it, 182;
veto of permanent act, 183;
act of 1842, 184.

Twenty-eighth: Texas an-
nexation treaty, 119-121;
complexion, 123; Tyler's Tex-
as message, 142, 143; com-
plexion on Texas question,
143; action on Texas before
election of 1844, 144; Tyler's
last annual message on Tex-Convention of 1818, northern
as, 145; House annexation
resolutions, 146, 152; resolu-
tion in Senate, 152; final
passage of resolution, 153.
Twenty-ninth: admits Tex-
as, 156; Oregon, 169-171;
sub-treasury, 177; tariff, 185,
186; war legislation, 204,
205; executive sessions on
pre- annexation appropria-
tion, 257-259; public dis-
cussion of pre- annexation
appropriation, Wilmot Pro-
viso, 259-263; debate on
the war and proviso, 263-
266; Oregon and slavery,
301.

Texas, 117; before Vera
Cruz, 212, 213, 244, 247.
Constitution, extension over
new territory, 296, 297; Sew-
ard and Chase on, and sla-
very, 326, 327.
Contreras battle, 250.

boundary, 74; Oregon, 160.
Cook, James, and Oregon, 158.
Corwin, Thomas, elected sena-
tor, 152; and pre-annexation
appropriation (1846), 259;
on Mexican War, 265.
Cotton, sectional development
of manufactures, 15.
Cotton-gin and slavery ques-
tion, 14.

Crittenden, J. J., and war with
Mexico, 205.

DALLAS, G. M., nominated for
vice-president, 130.

Dana, R. H., on Americans in
California, 41.

Thirtieth: Oregon, 302-
305; Clayton Compromise,
304; executive government
in New Mexico, 305-307;
organization of California and
New Mexico, 307-309; sla-Dearborn, A. S., nominated for
very in the District, 309-311;
fugitive-slave law, 311; south-
ern caucus and address, 311;
problems left by, 313..

Davis, John, and war with
Mexico, 205;
and Wilmot
Proviso, 260.
Davis, R. D., and annexation
of Texas, 153.

Thirty-first: Taylor's mes-
sage, 317; speakership con-
test, 318; problem of Cali-
fornia and New Mexico, 319;
Clay's compromise resolu-
tions, 320; debate on them,
321; Clay's speech, 322;
Calhoun's speech, 323; Web-
ster's speech, 324-327; Sew-
ard's speech, 326; Chase's
speech, 326; compromise
bills, 328; passage of them,
329-331.

Conner, David, protection for

vice-president, 270.

De Bow's Review as source,
338.

Debt, Federal, loan of 1842, 66,
182.

Dellet, James, and annexation
of Texas, 153.
Democracy and expansion, 5-8.
Democratic party, Jackson as

cement, 43; adopts two-
thirds rule, 129; and tariff
(1844), 185; and Wilmot
Proviso, 256, 267; Hunkers
and Barnburners, 271-274;
Barnburners and Free Soil
party, 281, 282; and popular
Sovereignty, 277, 300. See
also Elections.

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EARLE, THOMAS, nominated for

vice-president, 48.
Economic conditions, causes of
sectionalization, 11-13; sec-
tional differentiation, 13-17;
contrast in the West, 18. See
also Finances.
Edwards, P. L., in Oregon, 38.
Edwards, T. O., bill on slave-

trade in the District, 310.
Elections, 1840: Whig conven-
tion, 44-46; nomination of
Harrison, 44; nomination of
Tyler, 45; question of bar-
gain, 46; no platform, 46;
Democratic convention, 46,
47; platform, 46; Van Buren
renominated, 47; no vice-
president nominated, 47; Ab-
olitionist convention, 47;
Whig enthusiasm, 48, 49;

issues dodged, 48; Whig
success, 49; significance, 50.

1844: Texas as issue, 123,
136; Van Buren and Clay
oppose annexation, 124; Jack-
son on Van Buren's candida-
cy and annexation, 124-126,
129; Liberty convention,
127; Whig convention, nom-
ination of Clay and Freling-
huysen, 128; platform, 128;
Van Buren's prospects dimin-
ish, 129; Democratic con-
vention, 129-133; two-thirds
rule, 129; balloting, 129;
nomination of Polk, 130;
Wright refuses vice-presiden-
tial nomination, Dallas nomi-
nated, 130; Polk as candi-
date, 130; platform, 131-
133, 184; incidents of the
convention, 133; Tyler con-
vention, 133; Tyler with-
draws, 134; campaign en-
thusiasm, 134; Clay hedges
on Texas, 135; vote, popular
verdict for Texas, 137; charges
of fraud, 138; Plaquemines
fraud considered, 139.

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1848: Democratic disaffec-
tion, 269; convention of
Native Americans, 270; Lib-
erty party convention, 270;
Liberty League convention,
271; "industrial congress
convention, 271; meeting of
Democratic convention, 271;
Hunkers and Barnburners,
271-274; Democratic nomi-
nations, 275; Cass as candi-
date, 275; platform, 276-
278; Whig convention, can-
didates, 278; nomination of
Taylor, 279; and Fillmore,
280; no platform, 280; Tay-
lor as candidate, 280; Barn-
burners' convention, 281;
Free Soil convention, 281;
nomination of Van Buren

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