or at cost to pupils in public schools. Formerly free tuition and text books were provided for indigent pupils only.

The Child Welfare Act (chapter 4) of Alberta amends and consolidates the laws of that province for the protection of children. This Act authorizes the apprehension without warrant as a neglected child of any child under twelve years of age found peddling or selling newspapers or other articles in the streets, any child under sixteen years of age who is employed between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. or any child under fourteen years of age who habitually hawks, peddles or sells articles in the streets and public places during school hours or after 9 p.m. A child between seven and fourteen years of age who is not being properly educated by attending school or otherwise may also be apprehended. The habitual employment of children under fourteen years of age between 9 pm. and 6 a.m. is forbidden, as is also the employment of children under sixteen years of age in any injurious employment. It is forbidden to cause a child under sixteen years of age to be in any public place for the purpose of begging, performing or offering anything for sale, to perform for hire in a public place or any circus or place of public amusement, or to be employed for hire between 9 p.m. and 8 a.m. Exception is made, however, in the case of an entertainment or series of entertainments where it is shown that proper provision has been made to safeguard the child to be employed, and the Superintendent of Neglected Children may grant a license under such restrictions as he may think fit for any child over ten years of age to be employed. The sections dealing with the granting of licenses to children by municipalities are unchanged except that the employment of pin boys in bowling alleys is added to the list of occupations for which licenses may be issued. Part IV of the Act which deals with immigrant children is new legislation and empowers an organization or agent to place immigrant children in foster homes or situations on a written agreement during minority, or for a shorter period, but such contract must contain a clause reserving the right to withdraw the child should his welfare demand it. Penalties are provided for overworking or ill-treating an immigrant child.

Co-operation

A new law (chapter 8) governing the formation of co-operative credit associations was passed in Manitoba and existing legislation amended in Alberta (chapter 29), Quebec (chapter 69). In Nova Scotia the law relating to farmers' co-operative credit associations was amended.

LABOUR LEGISLATION IN CANADA IN 1925

DOMINION OF CANADA

Pensions of Public Servants

Chapter 12.-1. Subsection 1 of section 8 of The Government Annuities Act, 1908, as enacted by chapter 4 of the statutes of 1910 [providing that pensions shall be not less than $50 nor more than $600 a year] and amended by chapter 7 of the statutes of 1913 [extending the upper limit from $600 to $1,000] and by chapter 12 of the statutes of 1920 [extending the upper limit from $1,000 to $5,000] is repealed and the following is substituted therefor:

8. (1) An annuity shall not be granted or issued on the life of any person other than the actual annuitant, nor for an amount less than ten dollars a year; and the total amount payable by way of an annuity or annuities to any annuitant or to joint annuitants shall not exceed five thousand dollars a year."

Assented to June 12, 1925.

Industrial Disputes-Investigation and Conciliation

Chapter 14.-1. The Industrial Disputes Investigation Act, 1907, is amended by inserting after section 2 thereof the following:

Application of Act

2a. This Act shall apply to the following disputes only:

(i) Any dispute in relation to employment upon or in connection with any work, undertaking or business which is within the legislative authority of the Parliament of Canada, including but not so as to restrict the generality of the foregoing:

(a) works, undertakings or business operated or carried on for or in connection with navigation and shipping, whether inland or maritime;

(b) lines of steam or other ships, railways, canals, telegraphs and other works and undertakings connecting any province with any other or others of the provinces, or extending beyond the limits of the province;

(c) lines of steamships between a province and any British or foreign country; (d) ferries between any province and any British or foreign country, or between two provinces;

(e) works, undertakings or business belonging to, carried on or operated by aliens, including foreign corporations immigrating into Canada to carry on business; (f) such works as although wholly situate within the province, have been or may be declared by the Parliament of Canada to be for the general advantage of Canada, or for the advantage of two or more of the provinces:

(g) works, undertakings or business of any company or corporation incorporated by or under the authority of the Parliament of Canada.

(ii) Any dispute which is not within the exclusive legislative authority of any provincial legislature to regulate in the manner provided by this Act.

(iii) Any dispute which the Governor in Council may by reason of any real or apprehended national emergency declare to be subject to the provisions of this Act.

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(iv) Any dispute which is within the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of any province and which by the legislation of the province is made subject to the provisions of this Act. 2B. The provisions of this Act shall be construed as relating only to the application of The Industrial Disputes Investigation Act, 1907, and not so as to extend the meaning of the word "employer as defined by section 2, paragraph (c), of the said Act." [Paragraph (c) is as follows: 'Employer" means any person, company or corporation employing ten or more persons and owning or operating any mining property, agency of transportation or communication, or public service utility, including, except as hereinafter provided, railways, whether operated by steam, electricity or other motive power, steamships, telegraph and telephone lines, gas, electric light, water and power works; or any number of such persons, companies or corporations acting together, or who in the opinion of the Minister have interests in common.]

2. Subparagraph (b) of paragraph 2 of section 15 of The Industrial Disputes Investigation Act, 1907, as enacted by section 2 of chapter 29 of the statutes of 1910, is repealed, and the following is substituted therefor:

"(b) A statutory declaration setting forth that, failing an adjustment of the dispute or a reference thereof by the Minister to a Board, to the best of the knowledge and belief of

the declarant a lockout or strike will be declared, and (except where the application is made by an employer in consequence of an intended change in wages or hours proposed by the said employer) that the necessary authority to declare such lockout or strike has been obtained; or, where a dispute directly affects employees in more than one province and such employees are members of a trade union having a general committee authorized to carry on negotiations in disputes between emmlovers and amniavaco andi

ERRATUM

On page 14 read "Dominion Government Annuities" as subhead for chapter 12, instead of "Pensions of Public Servants."

57. Employers and employees shall give at least thirty days' notice of an intended or desired [the words " or desired' are new] change affecting conditions of employment with respect to wages or hours; and in the event of such intended or desired [the words or desired" are new] change resulting in a dispute, it shall be unlawful for the employer to make effective a proposed change in wages or hours or for the employees to go on strike [the words beginning "it shall be unlawful," and ending on strike," are new], until the dispute has been finally dealt with by a Board, and a copy of its report has been delivered through the Registrar to both the parties affected; the application for the appointment of a Board shall be made by the employers or employees proposing the change in wages or in hours [the words beginning "the application," and ending "or in hours," are new]; neither of those parties shall alter the conditions of employment with respect to wages or hours, or on account of the dispute do or be concerned in doing directly or indirectly, anything in the nature of a lockout or strike, or a suspension or discontinuance of employment or work, but the relationship of employer and employee shall continue uninterrupted by the dispute, or anything arising out of the dispute; but if, in the opinion of the Board, either party uses this or any other provision of this Act for the purpose of unjustly maintaining a given condition of affairs through delay, and the Board so reports to the Minister, such party shall be guilty of an offence, and liable to the same penalties as are imposed for a violation of the next preceding section."

4. Section 58 of the said Act is repealed, and the following is substituted therefor:"58. Any employer declaring or causing a lockout or making effective a change in wages or hours [the words "or making effective a change in wages or hours are new] contrary to the provisions of this Act shall be liable to a fine of not less than one hundred dollars, nor more than one thousand dollars for each day or part of a day that such lockout or change [the words " or change are new] exists."

Assented to June 12, 1925.

Pensions of Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Chapter 24-1. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act, chapter 91 of the Revised Statutes, 1906, is amended by inserting the following section immediately after section 75 thereof:

"76. Pensions to officers, their widows, and constables granted prior to the seventh day of July, 1919, shall be readjusted in accordance with the rates of pay for officers and constables provided by the said Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act as amended prior to and on the seventh day of July, 1919, but no such readjustment shall authorize the increase of any payments for pensions that accrued before the passing of this section." Assented to July 12, 1925.

Appointment of Post Office Employees

Chapter 35-1. Section 43 of The Civil Service Act, 1918, as enacted by chapter 10 of the statutes of 1919 (2nd Session) [providing that appointments to the Civil Service shall be by competitive examination, etc.] and amended by chapter 41 of the statutes of 1920, [relating to appointments of civil servants who resigned and went on active war service overseas] is amended by adding thereto the following subsection:

"(5) (a) When it has been determined by the Governor in Council that any Post Office, the employees of which do not come under The Civil Service Act, 1918, is to be brought under the said Act, any person then employed in such office, who

(i) Has had at least two years postal experience, one of which was in the office in question, and who

(ii) Was, at the commencement of his service, within the limits of age prescribed by the Civil Service Commission, and who

(iii) Satisfies the Civil Service Commission that he possesses the necessary qualifications,

shall be considered eligible for appointment to any position in such office without competitive examination: Provided, however, that any person employed in any such Post Office on the date of the coming into force of this amendment, shall be eligible for appointment, even though he was not, at the commencement of his employment, within the limits of age prescribed by the Civil Service Commission.

(b) Upon an appointment being made under the provisions of this subsection the person appointed shall receive the same salary as he was receiving immediately prior to such appointment, except in the following cases:

(i) If the salary prior to appointment is less than the minimum rate of the position to which he is appointed, his salary shall be increased to such minimum rate. (ii) If the salary prior to appointment exceeds the salary of which he would have been in receipt had he entered the Service at the minimum rate of the class and had been allowed a number of annual increases equivalent to the number of years of his service, the salary to be paid to him upon appointment shall be fixed by the Civil Service Commission.

Assented to June 27, 1925.

Pensions of Public Servants

Chapter 36.-1. (1) The Civil Service Superannuation Act, 1924, is amended by striking out the words " one year" in the second line of section 16 thereof [applying to civil servants under the Retirement Act] and substituting therefor the words "two years" [The subsection thus reads "Any such civil servant may at his option, within two years after the date of the coming into force of this Act, elect to become a contributor" etc.].

(2) The said Act is amended by striking out the words "one year" in the second line of section 20 [applying to civil servants under the Superannuation Act] and substituting therefor the words "two years." [The subsection reads as subsection (1).]

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(3) The said Act is further amended by striking out the words one year" in the first line of section 22 [applying to civil servants not subject to the Retirement Act or the Superannuation Act] and substituting therefor the words "two years." [The subsection reads as subsection (1)].

(4) The said Act is further amended by substituting for the words "three months" in lines 3 and 4 of subsection 2 of section 10 thereof the words "two years." [The amended subsection reads:-"No contributor shall be retained in the civil service beyond the age of 70 years: provided however that if the deputy head of any department reports, within two years after the coming into force of this Act.. .. the Governor in Council may extend annually the service of such contributor," etc.].

Assented to June 27, 1925.

Workmen's Compensation

Chapter 37.-1. Subsection 4 of section 1 of An Act to provide Compensation where Employees of His Majesty are killed or suffer injuries while performing their duties, chapter 15 of the statutes of 1918, as enacted by chapter 14 of the statutes of 1919, is repealed. The subsection repealed reads as follows:-(4) Provided that no employee of the Canadian Government Railways who is an employee within the meaning of the Intercolonial and Prince Edward Island Railways Employees' Provident Fund Act, and becomes permanently disabled from following his usual occupation in the service, as a result of injuries received while on duty and actually at work in the service, shall be entitled to receive compensation, under the provisions of this Act, for such injuries, unless he elects to accept prior or subsequent to the injuries such compensation in lieu of the allowance payable under the provisions of the Provident Fund Act, section twelve, Class D, and gives notice in writing of such election both to the management of the railways and to the Provident Fund Board: Provided, however, that the dependents of any such employee who has been or is killed subsequently to the twenty-fourth day of May, 1918, and who has not elected to accept compensation under this Act as aforesaid, shall nevertheless be entitled to compensation under this Act as though such employee had so elected.]

2. The said Act is amended by adding thereto the following section:

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3. For the purposes of this Act the term compensation" shall be deemed to include medical and hospital expenses. This section shall be deemed to have come into operation on the twenty-fourth day of May, 1919.

Assented to June 27, 1925.

Voting by Employees

,,

Chapter 42.-31. Subsections (3a) and (3b) of section 100 [of the Dominion Elections Act, statutes of 1920, chapter 46] are amended by striking out the word "fifty" in the first line of each respectively and substituting the word fifteen therefor. [Section 100 provides for advance polls for railway employees, sailors, and commercial travellers. Subsection (3) as amended provides that the chief electoral officer may amend the list of names of the places where advance polls may be established, but only under the following circumstances:-(a) If a total of less than fifteen votes is polled at the advance polls held within any such place at the election which immediately preceded the amendment, he may strike off the name of that place; or, (b) If he is advised and believes that a total of fifteen votes will be polled at any place in case an advance poll is established there, he may add the name of that place.]

Assented to June 27, 1925.

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