Within me clear; not only to discern Things in their causes, but to trace the ways Of highest agents, deem'd however wise. Queen of this universe! do not believe
Those rigid threats of death: ye shall not die: How should you? by the fruit? it gives you life To knowledge: by the threatener? look on me, Me, who have touch'd and tasted; yet both live, And life more perfect have attain'd than Fate Meant me, by venturing higher than my lot. Shall that be shut to man, which to the beast ? or will God incense his ire
For such a petty trespass? and not praise Rather your dauntless virtue, whom the pain Of death denounced, whatever thing death be, Deterr'd not from achieving what might lead To happier life, knowledge of good and evil? Of good, how just? of evil, if what is evil Be real, why not known, since easier shunn'd? God therefore cannot hurt ye, and be just: Not just, not God; not fear'd then, nor obey'd. Your fear itself of death removes the fear. Why then was this forbid? Why, but to awe? Why, but to keep ye low and ignorant, His worshippers? He knows that in the day Ye eat thereof, your eyes, that seem so clear Yet are but dim, shall perfectly be then Open'd and clear'd, and ye shall be as gods, Knowing both good and evil, as they know. That ye shall be as gods, since I as man, Internal man, is but proportion meet; I, of brute, human; ye of human, gods. So ye shall die perhaps, by putting off Human, to put on gods; death to be wish'd,
Though threaten'd, which no worse than this can
And what are gods, that man may not become As they, participating godlike food? The gods are first, and that advantage use On our belief, that all from them proceeds. I question it; for this fair earth I see, Warm'd by the sun, producing every kind; Them, nothing: if they all things, who inclosed Knowledge of good and evil in this tree; That whoso eats thereof, forthwith attains Wisdom without their leave? and wherein lies The offence, that man should thus attain to know? What can your knowledge hurt him, or this tree Impart against his will, if all be his?
Or is it envy? and can envy dwell
In heavenly breasts?-These, these, and many Causes import your need of this fair fruit. Goddess humane! reach then, and freely taste!" He ended; and his words, replete with guile, Into her heart too easy entrance won. Fix'd on the fruit she gazed, which to behold Might tempt alone; and in her ears the sound Yet rung of his persuasive words, impregn'd With reason, to her seeming, and with truth. Meanwhile the hour of noon drew on, and waked An eager appetite, raised by the smell
So savoury of that fruit, which with desire, Inclinable now grown to touch or taste, Solicited her longing eye; yet first
Pausing awhile, thus to herself she mused:
"Great are thy virtues, doubtless, best of fruits, Though kept from man, and worthy to be' admired; Whose taste, too long forborn, at first essay
Gave elocution to the mute, and taught The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise. Thy praise he also, who forbids thy use, Conceals not from us, naming thee the tree Of knowledge, knowledge both of good and evil: Forbids us then to taste! but his forbidding Commends thee more, while it infers the good By thee communicated, and our want: For good unknown sure is not had: or, had And yet unknown, is as not had at all. In plain then, what forbids he but to know? Forbids us good? forbids us to be wise? Such prohibitions bind not. But, if death Bind us with after-bands, what profits then Our inward freedom? In the day we eat Of this fair fruit, our doom is, we shall die. How dies the serpent? he hath eaten, lives, And knows, and speaks, and reasons, and discerns, Irrational till then. For us alone
Was death invented? or to us denied
This intellectual food, for beasts reserved? For beasts it seems: yet that one beast which first Hath tasted envies not; but brings with joy The good befallen him, author unsuspect, Friendly to man, far from deceit or guile. What fear I then? rather, what know to fear, Under this ignorance of good and evil, Of God or death, of law or penalty? Here grows the cure of all, this fruit divine, Fair to the eye, inviting to the taste,
Of virtue to make wise. What hinders then To reach, and feed at once both body and mind?" So saying, her rash hand in evil hour
Forth reaching to the fruit, she pluck'd, she eat!
Earth felt the wound; and Nature from her seat, Sighing through all her works, gave signs of woe, That all was lost. Back to the thicket slunk The guilty serpent; and well might; for Eve, Intent now wholly on her taste, nought else Regarded: such delight till then, as seem'd, In fruit she never tasted, whether true Or fancied so, through expectation high
Of knowledge; nor was godhead from her thought. Greedily she ingorged without restraint,
And knew not eating death. Satiate at length, And highten'd as with wine, jocund and boon, Thus to herself she pleasingly began:
"O sovran, virtuous, precious of all trees In Paradise! of operation bless'd To sapience, hitherto obscured, infamed, And thy fair fruit let hang, as to no end Created: but henceforth my early care, Not without song, each morning, and due praise, Shall tend thee, and the fertile burden ease Of thy full branches offer'd free to all; Till, dieted by thee, I grow mature
In knowledge, as the gods, who all things know ; Though others envy what they cannot give: For, had the gift been theirs, it had not here Thus grown. Experience, next, to thee I owe, Best guide: not following thee, I had remain'd In ignorance: thou open'st wisdom's way, And givest access, though secret she retire. And I perhaps am secret: Heaven is high, High, and remote to see from thence distinct Each thing on earth; and other care perhaps May have diverted from continual watch Our great Forbidder, safe with all his spies
Shall I appear? shall I to him make known As yet my change, and give him to partake Full happiness with me; or rather not, But keep the odds of knowledge in my power Without copartner? so to add what wants In female sex, the more to draw his love, And render me more equal; and perhaps, A thing not undesirable, sometime Superior for, inferior, who is free?
This may be well. But what if God have seen, And death ensue? then I shall be no more! And Adam, wedded to another Eve, Shall live with her enjoying, I extinct : A death to think! Confirm'd then I resolve, Adam shall share with me in bliss or woe. So dear I love him, that with him all deaths I could endure, without him live no life."
So saying, from the tree her step she turn'd; But first low reverence done, as to the Power That dwelt within, whose presence had infused Into the plant sciential sap, derived
From nectar, drink of gods. Adam the while, Waiting desirous her return, had wove Of choicest flowers a garland, to adorn Her tresses, and her rural labors crown; As reapers oft are wont their harvest-queen. Great joy he promised to his thoughts, and new Solace in her return, so long delay'd.
Yet oft his heart, divine of something ill, Misgave him he the faltering measure felt; And forth to meet her went, the way she took That morn when first they parted: by the tree Of knowledge he must pass: there he her met,
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