to be an improvement; since neither of the two forms specified above will in general associate with a verb in the potential mood. To other verbs we have given two forms only of this

tense.

For the information of learners, it may be proper to make a few remarks in this place relative to the application of some of the auxiliaries, &c. The first is, that shall and will, when they do not denote futurity, may be con sidered, as well as their variations should and would, as belonging to the potential mood. But as they generally signify futurity, they have been appropriated, as helping verbs, to the formation of the future tenses of the indicative and subjunctive moods.

The next remark is, that the auxiliary will cannot be correctly applied to the first person, in the second future tense of transitive verbs; nor the auxiliary shall to the second and third person. The impropriety of such associations may be inferred from a few examples: I will have had previous notice whenever the event happens Thou shalt have served thy apprenticeship before the end of the year; He shall have completed his business when the messenger arrives. I shall have had; thou wilt have served; he will have completed, &c. would be correct and applicable.

Another remark is, that as the indicative mood is converted into the subjunctive, by the expression of a condition, motive, wish, supposition, &c. being superadded to it; so the po

tential mood may in like manner, be turned into the subjunctive; as will be seen in the following examples: If I could deceive him, I should abhor it: Though he should increase in wealth, he would not be charitable: Even in prosperity he would gain no esteem, unless he should conduct himself better.

It may also be observed, that the terms made use of to designate the three past tenses, are not exactly significant of their nature and distinctions. But as they have been adopted by grammarians in general, and esp cially as the meaning attached to each of them has been carefully explained, there seems to be no essential objection to their use.

The verb to have is conjugated in the following manner :

To Have.

Indicative Mood.

Present Tense.

Singular.

1. I have.

Plural.

1. We have.

2. Thou hast, or you 2. Ye or you have.

have.

3. He, she, or it hath or 3. They have.

has.

Singular.

1. I had.

Imperfect Tense.

Plural.

1. We had.

2. Thou hadst, or you 2. Ye or you had.

had.

3. He had.

F*

3. They had.

Singular.

1. I have had.

Perfect Tense.

Plural.

1. We have had.

2. Thou hast had, or you 2. Ye or you have had.

3. He shall or will have. 3. They shall or will

2. Have, or have thou or 2. Have, or have ye, or

you, or do thou or

you have.

do ye or you have.

Potential Mood.

Present Tense.

Singular. 1. I may or can have.

2. Thou mayst or canst have or you may or

can have.

Plural.

1. We may or can have. 2. Ye or you may or can have.

3. He may or can have. 3. They may or can have.

1. I might, could, would, 1. We might, could,

Singular.

Pluperfect Tense.

Plural.

would, or should have had.

1. I might, could, wo'ld, 1. We might, could, or should have had.

2. Thou mightst, &c. 2. Ye or you might, cold,

would, or should have had.

3. They might, could would, or should have had.

2. If thou or you have. 2. If ye or you have. 3. If he have. 3. If they have.

The remaining tenses of the Subjunctive mood are in every respect similar to the cor respondent tenses of the indicátive mood, with the exception before made. See page 61.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. To have.

Perfect. To have bad