England in October, 1721, was presented to the Lochiel pursuing, and seeing him unaccompanied king, George I. and afterwards hired a house in with any, he leaped out, and thought him his prey. Conduit Street, Hanover Square, where he was They met one another with equal fury. The comdaily visited by people of the first quality and dis-bat was long and doubtful: the English gentleman tinction. In 1722 he repaired once more to the had by far the advantage in strength and size; but continent, and concluded the chequered course of Lochiel exceeding him in nimbleness and agility, his life at Venice, in March 1799, in the fifty-in the end stript the sword out of his hand: they eighth year of his age. He was at this time in a closed, and wrestled, till both fell to the ground, state little removed from indigence. Various in each others arms. The English officer got opinions have been entertained respecting the above Lochiel, and pressed him hard, but stretchmerit of his project, but it seems generally agreed ing forth his neck, by [attempting to disengage that if it had not been violently interupted by the himself, Lochiel, who by this time had his hands regent's arret, it was too insecure in its principles at liberty, with his left hand seized him by the to have been permanent. His family estate of Lau- collar, and jumping at his extended throat, he bit riston is still in the possession of his descendants, it with his teeth quite through, and kept such a one of whom, the eldest son of John Law de Lau- hold of his grasp, that he brought away his mouthriston, governor of Pondicherry, was one of the ful: this, he said, was the sweetest bite he ever had officers who perished in the unfortunate voyage in his lifetime." of De la Perouse, and was succeeded as the head of the family, by general Lauriston, known in this country as the bearer of the ratification of the preliminaries of the short-lived peace between Great Britain and France in 1802.

CAMERON OF LOCHIEL.

STRIKING CONVICTION.

Maclean, of Coll, is the sole proprietor of the Isle of Rum. The number of inhabitants is 443, all of whom are Protestants. It is said, that wher the ancestor of Mr. Maclean took possession of the Isle of Rum, all the inhabitants were CaThe celebrated Sir Ewan of Lochiel, chief of tholics. The new proprietor, a zealous Protesthe clan Cameron, was called, from his sable com- tant, seeing that the Catholic worship was estaplexion, Ewan Dhu. He was the last man in blished in one of his domains, entered the church Scotland, who maintained the royal cause during one Sunday, during mass, and having driven out the civil war, and his constant incursions rendered all the inhabitants who were assembled there, he him a very unpleasant neighbour to the republican garrison at Inverlochy, now Fort William. The governor of the fort detached a party of three hundred men to lay waste Lochiel's possessions, and cut down his trees; but, in a sudden and desperate attack, made upon them by the chieftain, with very inferior numbers, they were almost all cut to pieces. The skirmish is detailed in a curious memoir of Sir Ewan's life, printed in the Appendix of Pennant's Scottish Tour.

"In this engagement, Lochiel himself had several wonderful escapes. In the retreat of the English, one of the strongest and bravest of the officers retired behind a bush, when he observed

shut the door, put the key into his pocket, and threatened with his golden-headed cane all those who dared to return to hear mass: from that moment all the inhabitants of Rum embraced the Protestant religion. The other Hebrideans, when alluding to this new mode of conversion, have continued ever since to call them the Protestants of the Goiden-headed Cane.

FIELD OFFICER OF THE 78TH REGIMENT.

In the month of June, 1805, orders were issued for one field officer and four subalterns of the se cond battalion of the 78th, to join the first battalion in India. The day before the field officer

thedral at Spyny. His successor, Bishop Andrew de Murreff, translated it to the church of Holy Trinity, near Elgyn.

fixed on for this purpose left the regiment, the hair tucked under a cap, and having no particusoldiers held conferences with each other, in the lar diocese assigned them, were itinerant. The barracks, and, in the evening, several deputations precise æra of the erection of Moray into a biwere sent to him, entreating him, in the most shopric is uncertain, as the chartulary goes no earnest manner, to make application, either to be farther back than 1200: but, before that period, allowed to remain with them, or obtain permis- the bishops occasionally employed the churches sion for them to accompany him. He returned of Bruneth, or Birney, of Spyny, and Kinnedor, as his acknowledgements for their attachment, and the cathedral, and resided near them. Bishop for their spirited offer; but, as duty required his Bricius, soon after the year 1200, with the appropresence in India, while their services were con-bation of Pope Innocent III. established the cafined, at present, to this country, they must, therefore, separate for some time. The next evening, when he went from the barracks to the town of Hythe, to take his seat in the coach, for London, In June, 1390, Alexander, son of King Robert two-thirds of the soldiers, and officers in the same II. commonly called the Wolf of Badenoch, from proportion, accompanied him, all of them com-resentment against Bishop Barr, burned the town plaining of being left behind. They so crowded of Elgyn, St. Giles the Parish church, Messindew, round the coach, as to impede its progress for a eighteen houses of the canons, and the cathedral. considerable length of time, till, at last, the It is probable, Bishop Barr began to rebuild the guard was obliged to desire the coachman to force cathedral, and that the canons and other clergy his way through them. Upon this, the soldiers, did contribute to the expense. Bishop Spynie who hung by the wheels, horses, harness, and continued the work; but from the extent of the coach-doors, gave way, and allowed a passage. building, and elegance of the workmanship, the There was not a dry eye among the younger part progress was slow. Bishop Innes founded the of them. Such a scene as this, happening to great steeple, in the middle of the church, and more than 600 men, and in the streets of a town, considerably advanced it. In 1414, the chapter could not pass unnoticed, and was quickly re-bound themselves by an oath, that whoever ported to General Moore, whose mind was always should be elected bishop, should annually conalive to mutual confidence and esteem, between tribute one-third of his revenue, for completing officers and soldiers. The circumstance was quite the cathedral, until it should be finished. It was suited to his chivalrous mind. He laid the case at length rebuilt, and remained entire many years, before the commander in chief; and his royal till, in the beginning of the sixteenth century, highness, with that high feeling which he has about 1506, the great steeple fell down. Next always shewn, when a case has been properly re- year, Bishop Foreman began to rebuild it, and it presented, ordered that, at present, there should was finished in 1538, when the height of the be no separation, and that the field officer should tower and spire was 198 feet. return to the battalion in which he had so many friends, ready to follow him to the cannon's mouth, and when brought in front of an enemy, either to compel them to fly, or perish in the field.

ELGIN CATHEDRAL.

At the beginning of the eleventh century, bishops in Scotland wore blue gowns, with their

In this state, it remained till 1568, when, by an order of the Privy Council at Edinburgh, the Earl of Huntly, sheriff of Aberdeen, with Sir Alexander Dunbar, of Cumnock, sheriff of Elgyn and Forres, and the bishops of Aberdeen and Moray, &c. were appointed to take the lead from the cathedral churches of Aberdeen and Elgyn, and sell it, for the sustentation of the men

of war (soldiers). The roofs were stripped of the lead, and the ship employed to carry it to Holland, sunk in the bay of Aberdeen. The whole fabrick, being uncovered, is gradually verging to decay. The great tower fell in 1711.

pillar, ribs spread along the roof, to each angle of the octagon. There is a large window in each of seven of the sides, and the eighth side joins the choir. In the north wall of the chapterhouse, there were five stalls, in niches, for the bishop and the dignified clergy to sit in. The middle stall, for the bishop or dean, is larger, and raised a step higher than the others.

Some idea may be formed of the extent of the whole edifice, by the following measurement:

Length on the outside
Breadth on the outside
Breadth within walls
Length of transept over walls
Length of transept within
Height of west tower

Feet.

This cathedral, when entire, was of Gothic, or, rather Saracenic architecture, uncommonly elegant and magnificent, all built of free-stone. Its position was due east and west, and form, that of a passion, or Jerusalem cross, with five towers, of which two were on the corners of the east end, one in the middle, and two on the west end. Between the last towers was the great entrance. This gate, an arch terminating in an angle, is twentyfour feet broad at the base, and twenty-four feet in height. There were aisles on each side of the church, eastward from the transept, which were eighteen feet broad outside the walls. To afford due light to so extensive a building, besides the large windows in the aisles, there was a range of small windows above the aisles, each six feet high. In the west gable, above the gate, there was a window, in form of an acute-angled arch, twenty-seven feet in height, and nineteen feet wide at the base. In the east gable, was a range of five parallel windows, each ten feet by two; and above these, five more, each seven feet high, and over all a circular window, near to ten feet in diameter. In the middle of the wall of the church, and leading to the upper windows, is an alley round the whole building. Every part of the The barons of the Exchequer have very lauda whole is richly ornamented with carvings, foliage, bly, of late, directed their attention to the preserdevices, and embellishments peculiar to this spe-vation of the remains of the ecclesiastical edifices, cies of architecture, and all finished in the best and of this amongst the rest. and most elegant manner.

The chapter-house, commonly called the apprentice aisle, placed on the north side of the cathedral, near the east end, and communicating with the choir by a vaulted vestry, is an uncommon piece of architecture. It is an octagon, thirty-four feet high, and, within walls, the diagonal breadth is thirty-seven feet. The vaulted roof is supported by one clustered pillar in the centre, nine feet in circumference. From this

Ditto of centre tower and spire
Height of eastern turrets
Breadth of great gate
Height of great gate
Height of side walls
Height of chapter-house
Diagonal breadth of ditto within walls
Breadth of each side

Circumference of clustered pillar
Height of ditto below the capital
Breadth of aisles on the side
Breadth of west window

Height of west window

264

35

28

114

110

84

198

60

24

24

36

34

37

15

9

24

18

19

27'

PRESERVATION OF LIFE BY THE SAGACITY OF

A DOG.

In 1778, died at Aberdeen, a gentleman of the name of Irving, whose life had, a few years before, been saved by the sagacity and fidelity of a dog. This gentleman was passing across on the ice, when the river was frozen over; the ice giving way in the middle, he fell in, but saved himself from sinking by grasping his gun, which had

fallen across the opening. His dog, after fruitless | whilst the former have their bases at the very attempts to save his master, ran to a neighbour-level of the sea, there is, in reality, less differing house, and laid hold of the coat of the first ence in their height, to the eye of the observer, man he met with. The man was alarmed, and than might be imagined. Another source of would have disengaged himself, but the dog re-illusion which induces a comparison between the garded him with a look so kind, and so significant, views of the Highlands and those of the Alps of and endeavoured to pull him along with so gentle a violence, that he began to think there might be something extraordinary in the case, and suffered himself to be conducted by the animal, who led him to his master in time to save him. This anecdote is noticed by Dr. Beattie in his philo-sive. In Scotland, the narrow valleys and the sophical writings.

Switzerland, is the relative proportion of the objects composing the landscape, being pretty much the same in both countries. Thus, in the Alps, where the mountains are very lofty, the valleys are very wide, and the lakes very exten

small lakes, are proportionate to the height of the mountains; the enormous forests, seen in SCOTS IN THE ARMY OF GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS. Switzerland, commanding, at great elevations, Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, had a nu- the inaccessible summits of the rocks, are repremerous body of Scots in his service, whose valour sented in Scotland by masses of small trees or greatly contributed to his success. Monro enu- shrubs, which produce an analogous effect in the merates thirty-five colonels, and fifty lieutenant-landscape. Consequently, if our views in Switcolonels; of the English in his service, were only three colonels. The whole British force in the Swedish army, was estimated, by Harte, at 10,000 men.

MOUNTAINS OF SCOTLAND AND SWITZERLAND.

zerland present an ensemble more stupendous and striking, in grandeur and majesty, no where to be equalled, the views of Scotland are, perhaps, more pictureque, taking this word in its true sense; viz. that they offer subjects for a picture more agreeable to the painter, and more varied It may probably be supposed, says Saussure, and graceful in their features. Scotland has not, that the great difference between the height like Switzerland, those mountains covered with of the mountains of Scotland, and those of eternal snow; those peaks of bold and light graSwitzerland, would prevent all comparison as nite, which, by the beauty of their outline, and to the aspect of these two countries; howe-the contrast which they produce, with the bril ver, it is not so. I have already said how liant verdure of the valleys, give to all the dismuch we may be deceived as to the height of tant places so striking an effect; but it has in mountains, above all, when they are bare, and compensation, lakes abounding with islands of cut into bold forms. It is also worthy of remark, all forms and dimensions; it has the Atlantic that the highest mountain, seen from its base, Ocean, its isles, and interior gulfs, which give does not hold a place in a vertical line, propor-a peculiar beauty to the first ground-work of the tionate to its real elevation; consequently, not-landscape. withstanding the difference of height, the mountains of Scotland, seen from the valleys open at their feet, produce as much effect as the highest in Switzerland. In fine, although the Scottish mountains are less elevated above the level of the sea, than the highest mountains of the Alps, yet, as the latter rise above an elevated ground,

BISHOP Kenedy.

The wealth and munificence of this bishop were displayed in public works, three of which are particularly celebrated. 1 As the little trade of Scotland was then chiefly carried on by the great, the bishop, for his own convenience, or

winding stair built from the bottom to the top, which is covered with lead, within a parapet of four feet in height. This chapel indeed can have no pretensions to the antiquity ascribed to it by Boeth; but the chaste and simple style of its architecture, shews it to have been built before the introduction of the Gothic mode, and it may have probably been reared soon after the foundation of the city of St. Andrew's, in the 9th century.

perhaps to rouse the commercial enterprise of his countrymen, built a great ship which he called the St. Salvator; but it was denominated by the people the Bishop's Barge. This vessel remained the property of the see of St. Andrew's, and was employed in bringing the rich merchandise of foreign countries for the use of the clergy. In one of these voyages, she was wrecked near Bamborough, and plundered by the English of her valuable cargo, in the reign of James III. for which Edward IV. paid a partial compensation of 500 merks. 2. He built a tomb for himself of the The Peerage of Scotland is represented in the finest gothic construction, in the church of St. House of Lords by sixteen members of their Salvator, at St. Andrew's. Though much of this body; and the counties have thirty, and the beautiful structure be now destroyed, there re-royal burghs fifteen, members in the House of mains enough of it, of the most exquisite work-Commons.

REPRESENTATION IN PARLIAMENT.

manship, to mark the taste of the founder. 3. He At the union, the number of Scotch peers was founded and endowed St. Salvator's College in one hundred and fifty-nine, of whom, in 1812, 1458, besides a proper provision for the members seventy-seven were extinct or dormant, or their out of the episcopal revenues, and the buildings, titles merged in, or united to others, or forfeited; in a good style, particularly the chapel, he be- and of the remaining eighty-two, twenty-three stowed on the college a wonderful variety of were British peers, and two Roman Catholics. splendid vessels, dresses, and ornaments, which The peers who were qualified to vote at the the annalists of the times enumerate with much election in that year, were seventy-four, but the satisfaction, and of which some maces and cups number who actually voted was only fifty-two. still remain, as specimens of the taste and wealth of the bishop.

CHAPEL OF ST. RULE.

Each county sends one member to the House of Commons, with the exception of Bute and Caithness, Clackmannan and Kinross, Cromarty and Nairn, which have only three members; each of these pairs choosing a member alternately.

This church was formerly called Kilreuel, i. e. the church of St. Regulus, or rather the church The burghs, sixty-six in all, with the exception built by the persuasion of St. Regulus. It is now of Edinburgh, which sends a member by itself, called the old church of St. Andrew. The tower are classed together, not fewer than four, nor and walls of this chapel of St. Regulus or Rule, more than five; every class or district choosing as the name is commonly used, still remain. The one member by means of delegates sent from each tower is square, of about 108 feet in height, with- of its burghs. These delegates are chosen by the out any spire. The wall consists of exterior magistrates and town-councils, who, with one or coatings of hewn stone, the space between which two exceptions, are themselves nominated by is filled up with small stones and lime, now so their predecessors in office, and not by the burhardened, as to be more difficult to cut than the gesses. The number of electors in each burgh stones themselves. The arches of the doors and varies with its particular constitution, but may windows are semicircular. This beautiful speci- be averaged at twenty, making 1320 in all. The men of ancient architecture has lately been re-population of the royalties of these burghs, can paired at the expense of the exchequer, and a not be less than 456,000.