§ 1. LAGRANGE.- Variation of Parameters-Application to Physical Astronomy. The Stability of the Planetary System; Laplace; Poisson. Moon's Ibration..page 809 § 4. Progress of Physical Astronomy since the publication § 2. LAPLACE.-Lunar Theory Improved. - Great Ine- quality of Jupiter and Saturn.-Theory of the Tides -Young; Dr Whewell; Mr Airy.-Theory of Pro- of the Mécanique Céleste-PoISSON.-Theory of Ro- tation (Poinsot).-Mr AIRY-The Solar Theory.— ..page 814 § 5. M. LEVERRIER-Mr ADAMS.-The inverse method of Perturbations. Prediction of the place and orbit of Neptune from the motions of Uranus............................................ cuum;" Mr STOKES. Colonel EVEREST · - M. STRUVE-Latest Measures of the Earth. M. FoU- § 5. M. ENCKE. Cometary Astronomy-Periodic Comets of Halley and Encke. GAMBART's and Biela's Co- met-Comets of 1811 and 1843.-Mr HIND-New Planets or Asteroids. Mr LASSELL-Newly disco- § 6. Sidereal Astronomy since 1820.-M. STRUVE- Double Stars. Observatories of Dorpat and Pulkowa. SIR JOHN HERSCHEL-Orbits of Double Stars. Mag- nitudes of Stars. Variable Stars. EARL OF ROSSE § 2. CAVENDISH.-His Singular Character and Attain- ments-Eminent Chemical Discoveries-Observations on Heat and on other Branches of Physics.-LAVOI- SIER-The Calorimeter-Theory of Combustion and of § 3. DALTON.-Theory of Gases and Vapours-Law of Expansion by Heat-Atomic Theory of Chemistry.— GAY LUSSAC.................................................. § 4. RUMFORD.-Economical applications of Heat-Point of Maximum Density of Water; Hope.-Friction as a source of Heat. Theory that Heat is convertible into Mechanical Energy; Mr Joule...................................... § 6. FOURIER.—Mathematical Theory of the Conduction of Heat-Lambert; Poisson.-Temperature of the § 7. DULONG.-The Law of Cooling.-Progress of the Sci- ence of Radiant Heat between Leslie's and Melloni's Discoveries; transmission of Radiant Heat through Glass. Herschel; De la Roche; Professor Powell. -Theory of Dew; Wells......... § 8. MELLONI.-Recent History of Radiant Heat- Transmission and Refraction of Heat; Properties of Heat analogous to Colour-Experiments in Great Britain on the Polarization and Double Refraction of § 9. M. REGNAULT.-Numerical Laws of Expansion by § 1. GALVANI.-Discovery of Galvanism; Proper Animal § 2. VOLTA.-Progress of Discovery in Common and At- mospheric Electricity-The Electro-motive Theory- Voltaic Pile-Chemical Analogies and Decomposition Fabbroni; Nicholson and Carlisle ..... § 3. SIR HUMPHRY DAVY. Progress of Voltaic Electri- city-Electro-Chemistry; Berzelius.-Davy's Inven- tion of the Safety-Lamp.-WOLLASTON; his Electri- cal and other Observations. Contrast of his Charac- § 4. OERSTED.-AMPÈRE.-Discovery of Electro-Magnet- ism-Electro-Dynamic Theory-Discovery of Thermo- ..... TO THE PRINCIPAL NAMES AND SUBJECTS* MENTIONED IN THE FOLLOWING DISSERTATION. The References are to the Articles or Paragraphs, not to the Pages. Abel, 98. Absorption of Light, 536. Acceleration of the Moon, Secular, 62. Acoustics, 433, &c. Adams, Mr, 127, &c. Airy, Mr, 82,115, 228, &c.; 421, 549,879. Astronomy, Physical, 41, &c.; Practical, 149, &c.; 218, &c.; Sidereal, 172, &c. ; 289, &c. Atomic Theory, Dalton's, 618. Attraction of Spheroids, 99, &c.; of Mountains, 154, &c. Attractions, Theorems about, 99, &c.; 877, 905. Cagniard de la Tour, M., 441. Calculating Engine, 377. Canal Navigation, 422. Capillary Attraction, 88, 432. Cauchy, M., 556. Cavendish, 156, 593, &c.; 871. Chemical Subjects connected with Natural Philosophy, 582, 596, 618, &c.; 763, &c.; 811. Chemical action of Light, 562. 811. Chladni, 434. Civil Engineering, 312-431. Clock, Electric, 231, 862. Comets, 262; Halley's, 263; Encke's, Daguerre, 569. Dalton, 610, 721, note. Davy, Sir H., 758, &c.; 792, 808. De la Roche, 704. Density of the Earth, 154, &c, Diffraction of Light, 458, 486, &c. Du Bois-Reymond, M., 739. Dulong, 693, 721. Earth's Figure, 163, 234, 249, &c.; Den sity, 154, &c.; Rotation, 258. Earth, Proper Heat of the, 675. Economical application of Heat, 634. Elastic Solids, 342, &c. Electricity, 728, &c.; Animal, 734, 738, 872; Atmospheric, 743; Mathematical Theory of, 869, &c.; Distribution of, 871, 874. Electric Telegraph and Clock, 856, &c. Ellipticity of the Earth, 256. Erman, M. Ad., 885. Everest, Colonel, 250. Expansion of the Gases, 617, 721, and note. Fabbroni, 751. Fairbairn, Mr W., 363. Faraday, Dr, 798, 807, &c. Fechner, 851. Figure of the Earth, 163, &c.; 234, &c. 249, &c.; Results, 256. Flame, 770. Flexure of Beams, 347, &c. Fluids, Friction and Resistance of, 410. Fluorescence, 579. Foucault, M., 258, 514. Fourier, 663, &c. Fourneyron's Turbine, 427. Fraunhofer, 538. French Arc of Meridian, 165. French experimenters, Skill of, 720. Frog, Electricity of the, 734. Galle, M., 137. Galvani, 728, &c. Galvanism, Discovery of, 732. Gases and Vapours, Dalton's Theory of, 613, 615, 617. Gauss, 48, 856, 896. Gay-Lussac, 617, 625, 630. Green, 558 and note, 878. Greenwich Observatory, 150, 159, 227. Gregory, Duncan, 31, note. Halley, 882. Hamilton, Sir W. R., 550, 552, note. Hansen, M., 57, note; 122, &c., 261. Hansteen, Professor, 881, &c. Heat, 582, &c.; Economical Applications of, 634; Hypothesis on the Nature of, 639; Radiant, 641, &c.; 692, &c.; Mathematical Theory of, 661, &c.; Motion in a Sphere, 673; Solar, 679. Heliometer, 310. Henderson, 304. Herschel, Caroline, 269, note. Historic periods in Science, 2, &c. * For the Grounds of Selection of these, and on the Use of the Index, see Articles (13) and (23). Leslie, Sir John, 641, &c. Leverrier, M, 127, &c. Lloyd, Dr., 550, &c., 900, 910. Lunar Theory, 61, &c., 118, &c., 229. Maccullagh, 553. Magne-crystallic Force, 832. Magne-optic Force, 831. Mathematics, 24; with the Mechanical Arts, 32, &c. Nautical Almanac, 153. Navier, M., 354. Nebulæ, 190, 302. Nebular Theory, 198, &c. Neptune, Discovery of, 127, &c.; Ele- ments of, 143. Nicholson and Carlisle, 754. Niepce, Nicephore, 569. Nobili, 708, 738, 802. Oersted, 786, &c., 803, &c. Ohm, 840. Optics, 444, &c. Parallax of Stars, 188, 306, &c. Parameters, Variation of, 44. Pendulum Observations, 236; M. Fou- cault's Pendulum, 258. Perturbations, Planetary, 46. Peters, M., 311. Photography, 567. Pictet, 648. Pile of Volta, 750, 752. Plana, M., 118, &c. Planets, New small, 282, &c. Playfair, 16, note. Plenitude of Stars, 203. Plücker, Professor, 831. Poinsot, M., 113. Poisson, 55, 112, &c., 689. Pond, 227, 307. Powell, Professor, 560, 705. Probabilities, 83. Proper Motions of Stars, 209, &c. Quartz, Optical Properties of, 511. Radiant Heat, 641, &c., 692, &c. Stability of the Solar System, 50. Steam, Elastic Force of, 699. Steam Carriage, 384. Steam Engine, 317, &c. Steam Navigation, 325. Stephenson, George, 392, &c. Stokes, Professor, 235, note; 247, 416, 579, 691. Struve, M. W., 209, note; 252, 290, &c. Sun, The, 185. Suspension Bridges, 351. Talbot, Mr Fox, 571. Telegraph, Electric, 856. Telescopes, 178, &c., 299, &c. Thermo-electricity, 801. Thermo-multiplier, 709. Torsion Balance, 157, 340, 874. Tredgold, 352. Trevithick, 385, &c. Turbine, 425. Tunnel, The Thames, 373. Undulatory Theory of Light, 452, &c. Variable Stars, 298. Variation or Declination of the Needle, 881. Variation of Parameters, 44. Venturi, 413. Venus and the Earth, long Inequality of, 115. Vision, 471, 581. Volta, 740, &c. Volta-electric Induction, 817. Voltaic Pile, 749. Waves, Theory of, 419, &c. Water, Composition of, 597; Maximum Density of, 636. Water Wheels, 426. Watt, James, 312, &c., 597. Weber, The MM., 420, 856, 899. Wells, 706. Wheatstone, Mr, 581, 853, &c. Whewell, Dr, 19, 79. Wilson, P., 185. Wollaston, 476, 538, 564, 780, &c. Young, Thomas, 80, 342, &c., 445, &c., |