FOUNTAIN.-A small state, or kingdom, a republic. Rev. viii. 10; xiv. 7; xvi. 4. As rivers symbolize large kingdoms, fountains will symbolize small ones. SYNONYM, island.

FOUR.-See ALTAR, ANGELS, CREATURES, HORNS, WINDS.

FORNICATION.-Communion with the idolatrous hierarchy of Pagan Rome, and with the Roman Churches. The Alliance of Church and State. Rev. ii. 21 ; ix. 21 ; xvii. 2, 4; xviii. 3; xix. 2.

FURNACE.-Refinement, purity. Rev. i. 15.

GARMENTS.-Holiness, Righteousness, Purity of the soul. Rev. iii. 4. Thou hast a few names even in Sardis, which have not defiled their garments. Rev. xvi. 15. Behold I come as a thief. Blessed is he that watcheth, and keepeth his garments, lest he walk naked, and they see his shame. See NAKED.

GENTILES.-Nominal Christians. Rev. xi. 2. But the court which is without the temple leave out and measure it not: for it is given unto the Gentiles: and the holy city shall they tread (Gr.) forty and two months. Through the paucity of true worshippers nominal Christians would occupy the rest of the city for 1260 years. What is translated the nations in Auth. ver. may be rendered the Gentiles: Rev. xi. 18; xvi. 19; xix. 15; xx. 3, 8. See JEWS.

GIRDLE.-Readiness, Alacrity. Rev. i. 13. Christ is represented girt with a golden girdle as our High Priest,

and ready to wait upon those that call upon him. Luke, xii. 35. Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burning: and ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their lord, when he will return from the wedding; that, when he cometh and knocketh, they may open unto him immediately. Blessed are those servants whom the Lord, when he cometh, shall find watching: verily I say unto you, that he shall gird himself, and make them to sit down to meat, and will come forth and serve them. Dispatch, quickness of succession, and brevity of duration. Rev. xv. 6. And the seven angels came out of the temple, having the seven plagues, clothed in pure and white linen, and having their breasts girded with golden girdles. The angels with the trumpets had no girdles; since they would have more leisure, i. e. occupy a much longer time in performing their commissions than the others who had them.

GOG.-1. Ezek. xxxviii. 8. After many days thou shalt be visited: in the latter years thou shall come into the land that is brought back from the sword, and is gathered out of many people against the mountains of Israel, which have been always waste: but it is brought forth out of the nations, and they shall dwell safely all of them. When popery is abolished in the Roman Empire at the great earthquake or revolution, Rev. xvi. 18, the great hail or northern power, it seems, will descend upon the Church of Christ, now delivered from its intestine enemies, i. e. brought back from the sword of the three-one Antichrist, reinstated in its pristine simplicity, and enlarged by the converted Jews. Perhaps Gog will endeavour to set up his own church instead of the Roman. But the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels, in flaming fire, taking

vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ—he will plead against Gog with pestilence and blood; and will rain upon him and upon his bands, and upon the many people that are with him, an overflowing rain, and great hailstones, fire and brimstone. Ezek. xxxviii. 22; 2 Thess. i. 7, 8.

2. Gog and Magog. The worshippers of the Beast, or men of this world revived at the end of the Millennium, so called from their numbers. All that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. Rev. xiii. 8. Those which had not worshipped the beast, lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years. Rev. xx. 4. On such the second death hath no power. The rest of the dead, then, are those who had worshipped the beast, who rise again, when the thousand years are finished, xx. 5; and are consequently the Gog and Magog upon whom the fire descends, which consumes them, on whom the second death hath power. See BEAST. 5. RESURRECTION, 2.

GOLD.-1. Riches.

Assyria. Dan. ii. 38.

Splendour. The kingdom of

2. Virtue, which has withstood temptation and persecution. Rev. iii. 18. I counsel thee to buy of me gold, tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich.

GRAPES RIPE.-The last stage of the progress of men in virtue or vice. Men seen in the deepest colours of their depravity, or in the highest state of their perfection, which two things are generally met with together. Rev. xiv. 18.

GRASS.-The common people, or mankind in general.

Isaiah, xl. 6, 7. All flesh is grass.-The grass of the earth. Rev. viii. 7. The Roman populace.-See EARTH. 3.-Literal. Rev. ix. 4.

GREEN THING.-Literal. Rev. ix. 4.-See Locusts.

HADES.-Rev. i. 18; vi. 8: xx. 13, 14.-See DEATH 5. PARADISE, 2. SYNONYM, Paradise, Mount Sion.

HAIL.-Devastating irruption of enemies from the North. Rev. viii. 7; xi. 19; xvi. 21. See GoG, 1. Hail and fire mingled with Blood. Northern enemies using fire and sword. Rev. viii. 7.

HAND.-Right-hand. Contract, agreement, subjection, slavery, property. 2 Kings, x. 15. Is thine heart right, as my heart is with thy heart?—If it be, give me thine hand. And he gave him his hand. Lam. v. 6. We have given the hand to the Egyptians, and to the Assyrians, to be satisfied with bread. Ps. cxliv. 8. And their right hand is a right hand of falsehood. Rev. xiii. 16. To receive a mark in their right hand or in their foreheads. See MARK.

HARLOTS denote churches, the daughters of the Roman, originally a true one, which have left the discipline instituted by our Lord to become the tools of states. Christ selected out of the world a peculiar people, to whom he gave a kingdom which was not of this world, i.e. he formed them into a society whose organization was totally different to that of civil governments, and commanded them to stand fast in the liberties of this kingdom, and not surrender their kingship and priesthood to another. So long as they preserved the liberties which they had received inviolate, they remained the

chaste spouse of their Lord; but as soon as they permitted "the kings of the earth to commit fornication with them," i. e. as soon as they suffered the civil magistrates to dictate to them their faith, appoint their ministers, and dispose of their revenues, by the foundation of National churches, they became not the chaste spouse, but just so many harlots as they had temporal lords. There is no sanction for the alliance of Church and State in Scripture. Nor could there be, as each is conducted on principles opposite to those of the other, the one being built upon persuasion and the other upon force. My kingdom is not of this world, else would my servants fight, says our Lord; and where the connexion of Church and State is noticed, Rev. xvii. 3, it is represented as a great whore, sitting upon a scarlet-coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy. Originally churches were independent of the state aud each other, and each of their members had a vote in the choice of their ministers, whether bishops or priests, according to Bingham iv. 2, 10; and taking the solemn asseveration of our Lord before Pontius Pilate for their guide, they stood utterly unconnected with the civil divisions of the kingdoms of this world. It was the Beast, i. e. the ROMAN EMPERORS, the first of whom was Constantine, who first corrupted the chaste spouse of Christ, by making her their own tool; and the kings, cotemporary with them, followed them in their system of corruption. Hence, by degrees, the right of private judgment was taken away from the Church; and the people instead of having their rightful suffrage in the choice or approbation of their ministers, received any body whom their kings or those "merchants of the earth," lay patrons, bishops and colleges, had the impudence to thrust upon them. But as neither kings nor lords can take away from us what the KING OF KINGS and Lord of LORDS has given us, so neither can kings