Empire. Rev. xii. 2. And she being with child, cried travailing in birth, and pained to be delivered.

TREE OF LIFE.-Immortality. Rev. ii. 7. To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life. Rev. xxii. 2, 14.

TREES.-1. The nobles of a kingdom. Isai. x. 18, 19. And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body. And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few. Rev. vii. 3; viii. 7.

2. A great tree. A king or kingdom. Dan. iv. 19-23. 3. Third part of the trees. Rev. viii. 7. The third part of trees was burnt up. A great part (not all) of the senators and those of equestrian rank together, who suffered in the taking of Rome by Alaric and his Goths. Gibb. v. xxxi. n. n. 108.

TRUMPET.-The seven trumpets: The seven successive stages of the public sounding of Christianity, after it was tolerated and adopted by the Roman Empire, till Babylon or the Roman church falls. The plagues which attend the different soundings are the events which mark the different stages of its progress. Rev. viii. ix. x. xi.

TUSKS.-The three tusks of bear. The three Turkish dynasties of Persia, the Seljukians, Atabeks, and Kharismians, which overran Asia-Minor, India, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt. A. D. 1029-1300. Dan. vii. 5. And, behold, another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three tusks (see Gesen. Lex.) in the mouth of it, between the the teeth of it: and they said unto it, Arise, devour much flesh. As the ten horns of the non-descript fourth beast of Daniel

arose a long time after the rise of the beast itself, so here the tusks of the bear shoot out a long time after the birth of the bear itself. And again, as the horns rather signified peoples under their original founder, than when broken up into distinct sovereignties, since one horn symbolized the Anglo-Saxon heptarchy, so here one of the tusks signify the one Turkish people under Seljuk before broken up into the Sultanies, at Bagdad, Damascus, Aleppo, and Iconium. It was the furious attack of these three peoples from the North and East, which alarmed the Wilful-king, or Roman Emperors, who, by the Latins, their prophetical confederates, undertook the seven memorable crusades against them and planted the tabernacles of their palace in the glorious holy mountain under Godfrey de Bouillon,

il Capitano, Che'l gran Sepolcro liberò di Cristo.

SEE ANGEL, 6.

VIAL.-The Seven Vials. The seven plagues attendant on the seven thunders or stages of preaching of the Reformers. Rev. xv. xvi.-See THUNDErs.

VINE.-1. The Jewish Church. Ps. lxxx. 8. Thou hast brought a vine out of Egypt, thou hast cast out the heathen, and planted it.

2. Vine of the earth. The Protestant and Catholic church of Rome. Rev. xiv. 18, 19.-See EARTH, 3.

VOICE.-Voice from the temple. Rev. xvi. 17; Isa.

lxvi. 6.

WATER.-1. A hostile irruption. Rev. xii. 15. And the serpent cast out of his mouth water as a flood, after the woman.

T

2 Waters. The ten kingdoms of the Roman empire. Rev. viii. 11; xi. 6; xvi. 4, 5,

3. Third part of the waters.-See RIVER, 3.

4. Many waters. The sea. The Roman empire consisting of the ten kingdoms. Rev. xvii. 15. The waters which thou sawest, where the whore sitteth, are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues.

5. The water of life. Immortality. Rev. xxi. 6; xxii. 1, 17. Whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely. Is. lv. 1. Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters. Rev. vii. 17.

WEEK.-Seven years. Dan. ix. 24. Seventy weeks are decided upon thy people, that is, seventy weeks of years, each day for a year, four hundred and ninety years. See DAY, 2.

WHORE.-See HARLOTS, WOMAN.

WILDERNESS.-The wretched, miserable, poor, blind, naked spiritual state of the Roman churches for 1260 years. Rev. xii. 6; xvii. 3.

WIND.-1. Destruction. Rev. vii. 1. That the wind should not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree.

2. The four winds. The four cardinal points, North, East, South, and West. Dan. viii. 8.

3. The four winds. General commotion or destruction. Dan. vii. 2. Behold, the four winds of the heaven strove upon the great sea. Rev. vii. 1. I saw four angels standing on the four corners of the earth, holding the four winds of the earth. Jerem. xlix. 36. Upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven, and will scatter them towards all those winds; and there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come.

WINE.-1. The fierceness of the wrath of God. Rev. xvi. 19.

2. Excessive corruption and delusion. Rev. xvii. 2. And the inhabitants of the earth have been made drunk with the wine of her fornication. Rev. xviii. 3.

WINE-PRESS.-Immense slaughter. Lam. i. 15. The LORD hath trodden under foot all my mighty men, in the midst of me; he hath called an assembly against me to crush my young men: the LORD hath trodden the virgin, the daughter of Judah, as in a wine-press. Rev. xiv. 19, 20; xix. 15; Is. lxiii. 1—6.

WINGS.-1. Two wings of an eagle. Dan. vii. 4. The first was like a lion, and had eagle's wings. The two kingdoms of the Babylonic-Assyrian empire, Nineveh and Babylon.-See DAY, 6.

2. Two wings of a great eagle. Rev. xii. 14. And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness, the temporal powers of the two Papal Præfectures of the Roman empire, who corrupted her: i. e. though the visible church had no longer the support of the everlasting arms, yet the two horns of the Papacy or the temporal powers of those two divisions were sufficient to protect her from the exterminating malice of the devil, or the inroads of the Gothic Pagan nations, who not only wished to corrupt but destroy her. 3. Four wings of a fowl. Dan. vii. 6. And after this I beheld, and lo another, like a leopard, which had upon the back of it, four wings of a fowl. The four kingdoms of the Greek empire.

4. Wings of Locusts.

Noise and swiftness of the

cavalry of the Saracens, Rev. ix. 9. And the sound of their wings was as the sound of many chariots of many

horses running to battle. Joel, ii. 4, 5. The appearance of them is as the appearance of horses; and as horsemen so shall they run. Like the noise of chariots on the tops of mountains shall they leap. Bochart says that a swarm of locusts make so loud a noise, that they may be heard six miles off.-See DAY, 8.

5. Six wings. Rev. iv. 8. And the four living creatures had each of them six wings about him, i. e. three pairs of wings, denoting the perfect energy of the Triform God exerted in the creation.-See CREATURES.

WOMAN signifies the great city, Rome, according to Rev. xvii. 18, or all those who were made citizens of the great city, who, according to the edict of Caracalla comprised every inhabitant of the ancient Roman empire. But she is a city, or society of men under a particular character, not as a state, but as a church, and the ancient divisions of the church, when it fell into the hands of the Beast or Roman Emperors, were arranged in conformity to those of the empire, as Mr. Hallam teaches in his Middle Ages, Vol. 11. p. 226. She is thus divided into three parts, the three prætorian Præfectures into which the Western Empire was divided, each of which contained the third part of the men subject to the Beast; and into ten parts, the ten kingdoms into which the empire was split, whose subjects have the mark or are the slaves of the ten dynasties of sovereigns, who have "agreed and given their kingdom" up to the same unscriptural rule as the Beast or Roman Emperors instituted. Yet not all are guilty of this slavery. For the Protestant Dissenters in England, and other Nonconformists on the Continent have been maintaining the kingdom which God has given them with the fire of their mouths, (for they disclaim the sword,) against the princes of this world who have nothing in