described as "instinct," as for instance Darwin, 1875, Hooker, 1874, Balfour in 1875.

Dr. Lindsay gives 19 "concomitants of mind as it occurs in animals-which are nevertheless common to plants." Among these are respiration, circulation, nutrition, sleep, etc., etc.

It is wonderful how many phenomena are exhibited by plants that are common to animals and man. Burdon Sanderson has, in 1875, demonstrated the electrical phenomena that follow irritation of the leaf of the dionaea muscipula.

In Reichert and DuBois, Reymonds Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie and Wissenschafliche Medicin, for May, 1876, is a lengthy article upon the Anatomie des Blattes der dionaa muscipula (leaf of the dionæa). In fact the whole number is devoted to it (128 pages with many steel plates,) and the article not concluded. Kurtz presents the first 30 pages, Munk nearly 100 upon the electrical phenomena.

In experiments with drugs upon the dionaea muscipula those of Thos. Balfour's (the garden) deserve especial attention. He has shown that chloroform, opium and other poisons have the same effect upon these plants as upon animals. This article is very interesting and should be read by every one who feels any special interest in the subject. We would also expect the same reader to feel more than repaid with the perusal of Dr. Lindsay's article.

Skae's Classification of Mental Disease is the title of a paper by Dr. Clouston, Superintendent Royal Edinburgh Asylum.

In the October number J. Crichton Browne, wrote a criticism of Skae's Classification. This article of Clouston's is a reply. Browne advocates Esquirol's Classification, and says, day by day it becomes more apparent that we shall never accurately make out the molecular changes which correspond with mental aberrations, and are still as far as ever from mounting a delusion in Canada balsam or from detecting despondency in a test tube." Browne maintains that pathological changes can furnish no direct assistance in classification. Dr. Browne believes symptoms a better guide, and presents his objections to Skae's classification in formula as follows:

1. Skae's system has no principle of construction-no bottom. 2. It is of no service in practice.

3. It withdraws attention from clinical observation.

4. It is incomplete.

5. There is no gradation, serial arrangement or harmony in it. 6. It has a refractory ward.

7. Causes are confused with consequences.

So also is that of the

8. Causes are assigned which are no causes. Skæ's Classification is based upon causes. French writer, Morel: 1. Cases of Hereditary Transmission; 2. Toxic Insanity; 3. those resulting from the transformation of other Neuroses; 4. Idiopathic Insanity; 5. Sympathetic Insanity; 6. Dementia.

As neither of these classifications are presented in the article we

An article by Dr. Yellowless on the Plea of Insanity in cases of Murder, is a review of the case of Tierney, tried at Glascow Circuit Court, September, 1875, for the murder of Campbell. We will hereafter present a review of these cases as reported in the late journals, there are quite a number of them and to review them in their relation to each other will require more space than we can devote to them at present, the same may be said of the next article: Case of General Paralysis complicated with severe unilateral epileptiform attack, temporary hemiplegia, aphasia, etc.

A considerable amount of new literature has appeared upon General Paralysis recently which we desire to make the basis of a review, chief of which however is the work of Bonnet, of Paris, and that of Dr. Mobeche; on the Condition of the Eyes in General Paralysis. In the Irrenfreund, No. 1, 1876, is a review of this (Das Auge der Paralytiker) which deserves attention in connection with the above.

In our report to the Ohio State Medical Society we have considered the state of the pupil, eyebrows, etc. Here we have additional observations given, we presented then all that had been determined to that time.

In the April number of the Journal of Mental Science, the main articles, aside from that of Dr. Laycock, are the Hypodermic Injection of Morphia in Insanity, by John M. Diarmid M. B.-; On the past and present provision for the insane in the United States, by Daniel Hack Tuke; On the use of analogy in the study and treatment of mental disease, by J. R. Gasyuet, M. B.; A visit to an Insane Colony, by P. Maury Deas, M. B.

Notes on Lunacy in British Guiana, by James S. Donald, M. B.; some observations on general paralysis by Isaac Ashe, M. D.

Diarmid sums up his observations upon morphia as follows: "1. Of all single drugs, opium, or its alkaloid morphia, is the most potent and reliable hypnotic and sedative in the treatment of insanity.

"2. Morphia, administered subcutaneously, is more rapid in its action and more powerful in its effects than when given by the month.

dk by De Seven she uly me published in the Engmats herving a king considered a standard

The TK SANA YA tea and at the same time complete and suficiently diverse ve te je of wit specialists and general The is LAN he book is devoted to the conStern of wrodi wesses what are characterized mainly by the sovini, o dese in with an altered nuNASSUREDU W1 gosan 29anges in the blood vessels and 123, a maings in the food and circulation

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In considering the several morbid processes, the general pathology of each process is minutely described and then the_same process as it occurs in the different organs and tissues. present and future student of medicine this book or one similar is indispensible, and no physician who proposes to keep up with the times will attempt to do without it.

Lectures on Nursing. BY WILLIAM ROBERT SMITH, Resident Surgeon, Royal Hants County Hospital, Philadelphia: Lindsay and Blakiston. For sale by Robert Clarke & Co.

This little volume of 225 pages is replete with practical suggestions in regard to the care and treatment of the patient, by the nurse. Every practicing physician knows how very often his success in treatment of a patient, is largely due to the inteligent carrying out of his instructions by the nurse, and how frequently his failures may be attributed to the misfortune of having his patient cared for by an incompetent or over officious attendant, and will consequently appreciate a work of this character. These lectures were delivered in a training school for nurses, and contain instructions in regard to the management and care of the sick room, care of the bed, and clothing, preparation of food and delicacies, bandaging, administration of medicine, cupping, leeching; what to do in case of accidents, emergencies, how to prepare poultices, introduce setons, give baths, take temperature, state of pulse, circulation, stop hemorrhage, reduce dislocations, attention to children, etc., etc. It is a book that should be in the hands of not only every physician, but of nearly every family.

The Normal Standard of Woman for Propagation. By NATHAN ALLEN, M. D., L.L. D., Lowell, Mass. Pages 39.

This is a very readable and instructive paper, and many of the conclusions drawn by the author from the study of vital statistics, are, without doubt, true ones. There can be no possible doubt that the more highly educated a community becomes the less will be its birthrate. This is the cause of the decline of the birthrate in Massachusetts. This idea does not presuppose the physical degeneracy of the American women, we differ with the author on that point. The truth is, the average American women is too highly educated in sexual physiology. She knows how to avoid impregnation. If a law were passed forbidding the use of female syringes immediately after coiton, the result would be an increase of the american birthrate, however, such a law would be out of the question. Cleanliness is charming, but it is the uncleanly population which breed and multiply. The idea that the American women are degenerating physically, or morally is all bosh. Compared with the women of other countries (physically and morally), the American woman is more than their peer. T. C. M.

Micro-photographs in Histology, Normal and Pathological. By CARL SEILER, M. D., in conjunction with J. G. Hunt, M. D., and Joseph G. Richardson, M. D. Philadelphia: J. H. Coates & Co., Publishers. Numbers 1 & 2. Price 60 cents per number. Published monthly.

This publication is a valuable aid to physicians in making microscopical examinations of pathological specimens.

The pictures are photographs obtained directly from microscopic specimens, and are accompanied by a brief descriptive text. The two numbers before us contain plate 1, section of skin cut parallel to the surface, and transversely through the hair-bulbs; plate 2, epithelioma; plate 3, pavement epithelium; plate 4, endothelium; plate 5, elastic connective tissue; plate 6, scirrhus of mammary gland; plate 7, non-elastic connective tissue; plate 8, connective tissue corpuscles; when seen the value of these plates will be at once appreciated.

A Treatise on Surgery, Its Principles and Practice. By F. HOLMES, M.A., CANTAB., etc. With four hundred and eleven Illustrations. Philadelphia, Henry C. Lea. For sale by Robt. Clarke & Co. Price $7 00.

This work is intended by the author to be an introduction to his great and elaborate system of surgery. Mr. Holmes is so well known to the Medical Profession, and surgeons particularly, that it is scarcely necessary for us to say, that a work of this character written by him, will at once be recognized as a surgical authority, and take its place in the line of recognized text-books in our Medical Colleges. We are especially gratified in noticing that both Continental and American surgeons, are credited with their pathological opinions and modes of operating, quoting from the various journals and latest works of those countries.

The book is not large, but of a convenient size for students, and most general practitioners, who do not feel that they can offord to purchase a large system of surgery.

An Elementary Treatise on Diseases of the Skin. For the use of Students and Practitioners. By HENRY G. PIFFFARD, A. M., M. D., Professor of Dermatalogy, University of the City of New York, etc., with illustrations. London and New York: Mackmillan & Co., Publishers. For sale by Robert Clarke & Co. Price $4 00.

This volume is an excellent text book for students. And while the author modestly claims for it a position as an introduction to the more elaborate and extensive works of other authors, we are