original edition, one belonging to the library of the University of Glasgow, and another, once the possession of Bishop Rattray,1 most generously lent me by the Rev. Archibald Fleming, of S. Columba's Church, London. To both these gentlemen my most cordial thanks are due; as also to the Right Hon. the Earl of Rosebery, K.G., for permission to inspect at Dalmeny the English Prayer-Book of 1637 containing King Charles I.'s final, and autograph, alterations for the Scottish Liturgy, and to insert here a collation of these and some account of that most precious and pathetic volume (see Appendix to Introduction); to the Rev. W. H. Hutton, S. John's College, Oxford, for a photograph of a page of Archbishop Laud's Diary confirming (it seems to me) the conjecture that the said PrayerBook had belonged to the Archbishop, and had received from him some annotations before the King requisitioned it; to the Right Rev. Bishop Dowden, for lending me the sheets of the Prose Psalter of 1636, which he was fortunate enough to rescue, with his monograph thereon; to the Very Revv. the Deans of Armagh and S. Patrick's, for the trouble they took in answering my inquiries as to the copies of the alterations preserved in Ireland; to Mr J. R. Garston of Braganston, for information in regard to a contemporary Irish PrayerBook with Kalendar containing the name of S. Patrick; to Colvin B. M. Smith, Esq., M.D., of Norwich, for ascertaining that the Prayer-Book with

1 This volume contains many annotations in the handwriting of that learned bishop; but they are not of the liturgical value one might have expected, being merely such as would enable him to use the book when saying the service of the English Book of Common Prayer. There are entries of births, deaths, and marriages of his family on a fly-leaf,

1

these alterations written in by Laud, once belonging to the Library of that city, has been given up as lost; to my friend since our college days, Charles Creighton, Esq., M.D., for researches in the Library of the British Museum; to Professor Hume Brown, for allowing me to transcribe certain Minutes as yet unpublished of the Scottish Privy Council; and to Mr W. Maxwell Cooper of the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, and the officials of the Glasgow University Library, for much kind assistance rendered to me in my search for materials likely to help me in my task.

An apology is due to the Church Service Society, and to the subscribers to the series, of which this volume forms one, for the long delay in its appear

ance.

8 THE COLLEge, GLASGOW, September 1904.

JAMES COOPER.

1 Some account of the lost Norwich book is written on the fly-leaf of the copy of ed. 1 of 1637 Prayer-Book preserved in the Cathedral Library at Armagh :-"This book was collated with the Book of Common Prayer of the Church of England printed in 4to 1632, which book was altered in the margin in Abp. Laud's own hand to be sent into Scotland, as the Book of Common Prayer to be printed for the use of that Church; and the differences between this and that book so altered are noted in the places where they occur. The book so altered is in the Library of the city of Norwich, and was given to it by the Rev. Mr Watson, Rector of Hingham in Norfolk. The places also in this book which are taken from those alterations are marked either by a line drawn under them or by commas in the margin.' An account of the Armagh book will be found in the Irish Ecclesiastical Journal,' February 1842.

APPENDIX TO THE INTRODUCTION.

A. Letter from Archbishop Laud to the Bishop of Dunblane concerning the Communion in the Chapel Royal, the Book of Ordination, and the Liturgy,1

April 20th 1636.—I have received other letters from you, by which I find you have written to his Majesty about the Communion in the Chapel Royal, concerning which the King holds his former resolution; That he would be very glad there should be a full Communion at all solemn times as is appointed. But because men do not always fit themselves as they ought for that great and holy work, therefore his Majesty will be satisfied if every one that is required to communicate there do solemnly and conformably perform that action once a-year at least, And in conformity with this you are to signify once a-year unto his sacred Majesty who have communicated within the compass of that year, and who not: And of this you must not fail.

By these last letters of yours, I find that you are consecrated; God give you joy. And whereas you desire a copy of our Book of Ordination, I have here sent you one. And I have acquainted his Majesty with the two great reasons that you give why the Book which you had in

1 Prynne, Hidden Works (ii), pp. 152 sqq. Prynne adds, "The copy is indorsed with his own hand."

King James his time is short and insufficient. As, first, that the Order of Deacons is made but a Lay Office, at least as that Book may be understood. And, secondly, that in the admission to Priesthood the very essential words of conferring Orders are left out. At which his Majesty was much troubled, as he had great cause, and concerning which he hath commanded me to write that either you do admit of our book of Ordination, or else that you amend your own in these two gross oversights, or anything else, if in it be more to be corrected, and then see the Book reprinted. I pray fail not to acquaint my Lord of Saint Andrews, and my Lord Ross with this express command of his Majesty.

2

I received likewise from you at the same time certain Notes to be considered of, that all, or at least so many of them as his Majesty should approve, might be made use of in your Liturgy, which is now in printing. And though my business hath of late lain very heavy upon me, yet presently I acquainted his Majesty with what you had written. After this, I and Bishop Wren (my Lord Treasurer being now busied) by his Majesty's appointment sat down seriously and considered of them. And then I tendered them again to the King without our animadversions upon them, and his Majesty had the patience to weigh and consider them all again. This done, so many of them as his Majesty approved, I have written into a service-book of ours, with his Majesty's hand to it, to warrant all your alterations made therein. So in the printing of your Liturgy, you are to follow the Book which my Lord Ross brought, and the additions which are made to the book I now send. But if you find the Book of my Lord Ross and this to differ in anything material, then you are to follow this later Book I now send, as expressing some things more fully.

And now that your Lordship sees all of your animadversions which the King has approved written into this

1 No doubt the Book of 1620. It is printed, with Notes, by Dr Sprott in 'Scottish Liturgies of the Reign of James VI.' (this series), and also in the Miscellany of the Wodrow Society.

2 Juxon, Bishop of London. He was Lord High Treasurer from 16251641.

Book, I shall not need to write largely to you, what the reasons were why all of yours were not admitted, for your judgment and modesty is such that you will easily conceive some reason was apprehended for it. Yet because it is necessary that you should know somewhat more distinctly, I shall here give you a particular accompt of some things which are of most moment, and which otherwise perhaps might breed a doubtfulness in you.

And, first, I thought you could not have doubted but that the Magnificat, &c., was to be printed according to the Translation of King James, for that was named once for all. And that translation is to be followed in the Epistles and Gospels, as well as in the Psalms. Where I pray you observe in the Title-page of the Psalms in the book I now send, an alteration which I think my Lord Ross's book had not. And if you have not printed those Psalms with a colon in the middle of every verse, as it is with ours ordinarily in the English, it is impossible those Psalms should ever be well sung to the organ. And if this error be run into, it must be amended in a painful way by a pen for all such Books as the Chapel Royal useth, and then by one of them the next impression of your Liturgy may be mended wholly.

We can

Secondly, in the Creed of Saint Athanasius. agree to no more emendations, no not according to our best Greek copies, than you shall find amended in this Book.

Thirdly, though the Bishops there were willed to consider of the Holy Days, yet it was never intended but that the office appointed for every one of them should be kept in the Liturgy, and the consideration was only to be of the observation of them.

Fourthly, for the sentences at the Offertory. We admit all of yours, but we think that, with all that, divers which are in our Book would be retained together with yours. As namely the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15.

Fifthly, I would have every Prayer or other Action through the whole Communion named in the Rubric before it, that it may be known to the people what it is, as I have begun to do in the prayer of Consecration, and in the Memorial or Prayer of Oblation. Fac similiter.