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formerly a suffragan of the said Archiepiscopal See, but now, by fraud (as is alleged), subjected to the Archbishops of S. Andrews by the afore-cited Bulls.

MOST REVEREND LORD (SCArchbishop of Nidros),—The last matter, entrusted to me remained, concerning the Bishop of Orkney, who has slipped away from the obedience of his mother, the metropolitan Church of Nidros, and gone over against what is due to reason and equity to the Archbishop of S. Andrews in Scotland, by that deed robbing your Church of its subject, and other rights due from the Bishop of Orkney to your Eminence and the Church of Nidros, by right of its being metropolitan. And because I wish to consider the matter, and transcribe to your Eminence my advice respecting it, and my ideas of this affair (which seems to me very prejudicial and important on account of other Churches, your suffragans), being very mindful, and wishing to come to the very bottom of this case, I caused search to be made, and searched myself many days, first, in the Register of the Pope's Bulls, where we found nothing, after wasting much labour to no purpose; and afterwards, in the Apostolic Chamber, we met with the erection, or the bulls of the erection, of S. Andrews into a metropolitan see, which we found at last in the Registers of Sixtus IV.

All this was done in order that I might see from them, whether, in the bulls of the erection of the said Church of S. Andrews into a metropolitan, and of the subjecting of other suffragan

dictoe sedis Archiepiscopalis, sed nunc fraudulenter (sicut allegatur) a bullis supracitatis, Archiepiscopis Sancto Andreœ subjectam.)*

Reuerenissime domine (Archiepiscope Nidrosiensis silicet†) restabat ultimum negotium, michi commissum, de Episcopo Orkadensi qui se subtraxit ab obedientia matris sue metropolitane Nidrosiensis, et transmigrauit contra debitum rationis et juris, ad Archiepiscopum Sancti Andree in Scotia, spoliando de facto ecclesiam uestram, subiectione alijsque juribus suis ab Episcopo Orkadensi p. v. et ecclesie Nidrosiensi jure metropolitico debitis. Et qvod velim desuper cogitare, et p. v. consilium meum super hoc transcribere Jdeosque huius negotij (quod mihi videtur satis preiuditiale et importans propter alias ecclesias suffraganeas vestras) non immemor existens, et volens peruenire ad verum fundamentum huius cause, requiri feci et egomet requisiui multis diebus, primo in Registro Bullarum Pape (ubi nihil repertum multis laboribus frustra consumptis) Et deinde in Camera Apostolica erectionem siue bullas erectionis Sancti Andree in metropolitanam, quas tandem jnuenimus in Registris Sixti IV. ut ex illis viderem, an in bullis erectionis dicte ecclesie Sancti Andree Jn metropolitanam et subiectionis aliarum ecclesiarum suffraganearum, aliquid diceretur de ecclesia et diocesi Orkadensi, Et quo iure illa subijceretur metropolitano Sancti Andree, an etiam fieret mentio quod

*Additamentum manu.
+ Additamentum manu.

eadem Orkadensis ecclesia Nidrosiensi prius fuisset subiecta. Sed tandem repertis Bullis, nihil de hoc inueni nisi quod * Orkadensis esset in Regno Scotie et immediate Sedj apostolice subiecta, ac nulli antea suffraganea, et per talem fraudem deceptus fuit Sixtus papa, prout p. v. ex preced

Jtaque extraxi sumptum omnium Bullarum, quarum copiam p. v. mitto in presentibus, ut consulat cum suo Capitulo de premissis pro recuperatione dicte ecclesie. Ne tandem propter lapsum longi temporis et diuturnam possessionem pacificam Archiepiscopus Sancti Andree prescribat contra ecclesiam vestram. Videretur mihi opportunum, ut Reuerendissima p. v. mitteret mihi copiam, ex Bullis erectionis ecclesie sue Nidrosiensis in metropolitanam ut consulerem cum aliquo Aduocato ex doctoribus huius Romane Curie et quod etiam ipse suum consilium daret in scriptis p. v. mittendum quatenus inuenientur in † eisdem Bullis de Orkadensi ecclesia, inibi vobis et pro tem

Churches, any mention might be made of the Church and Diocese of Orkney, and by what right it was subjected to the metropolitan of S. Andrews; or even whether mention was made that the said Church of Orkney had been before subject to that of Nidros. But at last, when the bulls were found, I discovered nothing re-enti copia melius videre poterit. specting this, but that Orkney was in the realm of Scotland, and immediately subject to the Apostolic See, and never before suffragan to any Church, and that Pope Sixtus was taken in by this deception, as your Eminence will see better from the preceding abundance of proofs. Therefore I took an extract of all the bulls, of which I send a copy to your Eminence in these presents, to consult with your chapter of the premises for the recovery of the said Church Lest at last on account of the long lapse of time, and continued uninterrupted possession, the Archbishop S. Andrews have prescription against your Church. It would appear to me convenient that your Most Reverend Eminence should send me a copy of the bulls of the erection of your Church of Nidros into a metropolitan, that I might consult with some advocate from among the doctors of this Roman Court, and that also he might give his advice on the writing to be sent to your Eminence, so far as there shall be found any in the said bulls concerning the Church of Orkney, subjected therein to you and the Archbishop of Nidros for the time being. Though there might also be some instruments or documents, from which it might be evident that the

pore

Nidrosiensi Archiepiscopo subiecta. Etsi etiam essent aliqua instrumenta, vel documenta, ex quibis constare posset, Episcopum et diocesem Orkadiensem, recognovisse semper Nidrosiensam ecclesiam, et illius Archiepiscopum fuisse in possessione pacifica illius juris, et recepisse subsidia pallij ab Episcopo et ecclesia Orkadensi, ex quibus constaret de possessione pacifica prius.

Et

* Additum in margine manu ipsius Zutpheldi Allegatur in presentibus 'Bullis quod ecclesia.'

+ Additamentum manu ipsius Zutpheldi scriptum.

bishop and diocese of Orkney always acknowledged the Church of Nidros, and that its Archbishop had been in the undisputed possession of that right, and had received subsidies for the pall from the Bishop and Church of Orkney, from which evidence would be gained respecting the undisputed possession before that time : And now respecting the robbery subsequent on the erection of S. Andrews into a metropolitan see above, that the suit should be pleaded in those parts respecting the robbery against the Bishop of Orkney and his chapter, if you are unwilling to go to law with the Archbishop of S. Andrews. And that the names of three or two judges should be put on record, to whom the suit of one seeking restitution of robbery might be entrusted. And your Eminence will look to the writing back word respecting the entrusting the suit of the foresaid robbery in a better form.

Inscription: From the Roman Court, concerning the Church and Diocese of Orkney-To the Most Reverend Lord Archbishop of Nidros.

Extract of a Letter of Zutpheld Wardenberg, warden of Gustrova, and apostolic scribe, to the Lord Olave, Archbishop of Nidros, from Rome, written the 13th March 1525.

Besides one matter

only yet remained, which had been entrusted to me by your Eminence, respecting which I hitherto have not written, yet I was not unmindful of it, but took care faithfully to hasten its ful

VOL. I.

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p. v. mihi commissum, de quo hactenus non scripsi, tamen illius jmmemor non fui, sed pro omnj necessitate, fidiliter expedire curauj, quia est non parue importantie pro ecclesia uestra, videlicit de Episcopatu Orkadensi, super quo p. v. me consuluit et rogauit ut uellem data opportunitate, in libris camere Apostolice perquirere erectionem Sancti Andree in Metropolitanam, et quali

filment according to all the necessity of the case, because it is of no small importance for our Church, I mean, respecting the Bishopric of Orkney, about which your Eminence consulted and asked me to be willing, when opportunity offered, to make a thorough search in the books of the Apostolic Chamber for the erection of S. Andrews into a metropolitan see, and how the Church and diocese of Orkney, belong-ter ecclesia et diocesis Orkadensis ing to your right of metropolitan, spectans ad ius vestrum Metropowas subjected to the Church of liticum, fuerit subiecta ecclesie S. Andrews. Therefore, having Santi Andree-factis igitur mulused much diligence and labour, tis diligentia et laboribus, tandem at last a register was found in the inuentum fuit Registrum [in Apostolic Chamber, wherein the camera Apostolica *] ubj regisbull of Sixtus the 4th had been trata erat Bulla Sixti Quartj registered, respecting the erection super erectione ecclesie S. Andree of the Church of S. Andrews into jn Metropolitanam cum subieca metropolitan, together with the tione Orkadensium, extraxj sumpsubjecting that of Orkney to it, I tum ex Registro Pape, cuius extracted a copy of the Pope's copiam de verbo ad verbum mitto register, the whole of which, word cum presentibus ad p. v., etiam for word, I send with the pre- cum annotatione librj et folij ubj sents to your Eminence, even reperitur registrata Jn finem with a marginal note of the vol- huiusmodi copie, posui juditium ume and page where the registry meum et informationem, quid was found. At the end of this agendum sit in hoc negotio, et copy, I have appended my judg- ibj p. v. latius videbit mentem ment and information as to what meam : ought to be done in this matter, and there your Eminence will see more at large my mind: saving your own judgment and that of your chapter, to which I willingly yield, I offer myself in all things as heretofore most ready.

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Saluo vestro proprio juditio et Capituli vestri cuj libenter cedo. Ego me offero in omnibus prout hactenus paratissimum.

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* Hæc verba, qucis inclusa, adjecta sunt manu ipsius Zutpheldi.

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tion, in the Archives of the king- | Arch. regu. Norveg.

dom of Norway. No. VI.

A True Copy. Professor of His

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P. A. MUNCH,
Hist professor in
Acad.Christianensi.

NOTE. We here conclude the documents sent to us by our correspondent at Stockholm, whose interesting communication respecting some ancient points in the Scottish Episcopate appeared in the number for August, page 354. Should any of our readers consider these fragments as dry and uninteresting, we beg them to remember, that historical as well as doctrinal matters, pertaining to the Church, form part of our design; and every ancient record preserved by the press from the chance of perishing, adds a mite to history.

LETTERS AGAINST SECESSION TO ROME.

LETTER IX.

August 29, 1848.

MY DEAR -I proceed now to consider your last series of extracts, selected from the writings of Tertullian, St Cyprian, St Gregory of Nyssa, and St Augustine, which will not, I am in hopes, detain us very long, the more so, as the subject will probably be afterwards discussed when we have occasion to examine some of the opinions in Dr Challoner's work. The subject of our present consideration is the long-established Romish error of Purgatory, with which a multitude of other erroneous opinions and practices are connected.

And on this occasion I must adopt a different method from what I have hitherto employed when considering the preceding extracts, supposed by the Romanists to sanction some errors of their Church. To all who are conversant with the current traditions of the later Jewish and earlier Christian writers, it is known, that certain notions were entertained, without much or any warranty from Scripture, of which traces are discernible in the writings of Plato, and many more in the later Platonistic school, about the commencement of the Christian era, favourable to the belief in the existence of a still farther probation after death in the invisible state, after the separation of

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