Secretary, at the Fabian Office, 3 Clement's Inn, London, W.C. FABIANISM AND THE EMPIRE: A Manifesto. 4d. post free. FABIAN ESSAYS IN SOCIALISM. (35th Thousand.) Paper cover, 1/-; plain cloth, 2/-, post free from the Secretary. FABIAN TRACTS and LEAFLETS. Tracts, each 16 to 52 pp., price 1d., or 9d. per dos., unless otherwise stated. Leaflets, 4 pp. each, price 1d. for six copies, 1s. per 100, or 8 6 per 1000. The Set of 88, 3s.; post free 3:5. Bound in Buckram, 4/6; post free for 55. I. General Socialism in its various aspects. TRACTS.-121. Public Service versus Private Expenditure. By Sir OLIVER LODGE. 113. Communism. By WM. MORRIS. 107. Socialism for Millionaires. By BERNARD SHAW. 78. Socialism and the Teaching o Christ. By Dr. JOHN CLIFFORD. 87. The same in Welsh. 42. Christian Socialism. By Rev. S. D. HEADLAM. 75. Labor in the Longest Reign By SIDNEY WEBB. 72. The Moral Aspects of Socialism. By SIDNEY BALL. 69. Difficulties of Individualism. By SIDNEY WEBB, 51. Socialism: True and False. By S. WEBB. 45. The Impossibilities of Anarchism. By BERNARD SHAW (price 2d.). 15. English Progress towards Social Democracy. By S. WEBB. 7. Capital and Land (6th edn. revised 1904) 5. Facts for Socialists (10th edn., revised 1906). LEAFLETS-13. What Socialism Is. 1. Why are the Many Poor? 38. The same in Welsh. II.-Applications of Socialism to Particular Problems. 1 TRACTS.-128. The Case for a Legal Minimum Wage. 126. The Abolition of Poor Law Guardians. 122 Municipal Milk and Public Health. By Dr. F. LAWSON DODD. 120. "After Bread, Education." 125. Municipalization by Provinces. 119. Public Control of Electrical Power and Transit. 123. The Revival of Agriculture. 118. The Secret of Rural Depopulation. 115. State Aid to Agriculture: an Example. 112. Life in the Laundry. 110. Problems of Indian Poverty 98 State Railways for Ireland. 124. State Control of Trusts. 86. Municipal Drink Traffic. 85. Liquor Licensing at Home and Abroad. 84. Economics of Direct Employment. 83. State Arbitration and the Living Wage. 73. Case for State Pensions in Old Age. 67. Women and the Factory Acts. 50. Sweating: its Cause and Remedy 48. Eight Hours by Law. 23. Case for an Eight Hours Bill. 47. The Unemployed. By JOHN BURNS, M.P. LEAFLETS.-89. Old Age Pensions at Work. 19. What the Farm Laborer Wants. 104. How Trade Unions benefit Workmen. III. Local Government Powers: How to use them. TRACTS.-117. The London Education Act, 1903: how to make the best of it. 114. The Education Act, 1902. 111. Reform of Reformatories and Industrial Schools. By H. T. HOLMES. 109. Cottage Plans and Common Sense. By RAYMOND UNWIN. 103. Overcrowding in London and its Remedy. By W. C. STEADMAN, L.C.C. 101. The House Famine and How to Relieve it. 52 pp. 76. Houses for the People. 100. Metropolitan Borough Councils. 99. Local Government in Ireland Workmen's Compensation Act. 62. Parish and District Councils. 61. The London County Council. 54. The Humanizing of the Poor Law. By J. F. OAKESHOTT. LEAFLETS.-68 The Tenant's Sanitary Catechism. 71. Same for London. 63. Parish Council Cottages and how to get them. 58. Allotments and how to get them. FABIAN MUNICIPAL PROGRAM, FIRST SERIES (Nos. 32, 36, 37). Municipalization of the Gas Supply. The Scandal of London's Markets. A Labor Policy for Public Authorities SECOND SERIES (Nos. go to 97). Municipalization of Milk Supply. Municipal Pawnshops. Municipal Slaughterhouses. Women as Councillors. Municipal Bakeries. Municipal Hospitals. Municipal Fire Insurance. Municipal Steamboats — Second Series in a red cover for 1d. (9d. per doz.); separate leaflets, 1/- per 100. IV. Books. 29. What to Read on social and economic subjects. 6d. net. V.-General Politics and Fabian Policy. 82. 127. Socialism and Labor Policy. 116. Fabianism and the Fiscal Question: an alternative policy. 108 Twentieth Century Politics. By SIDNEY WEBB. 70. Report on Fabiar Policy. 41. The Fabian Society: its Early History. By BERNARD SHAW VI.-Question Leaflets. Questions for Candidates: 20, Poor Law Guardans. 24, Parliament. 28, County Councils, Rural. 56, Parish Councils. 57, Rural District Councils. 102, Metropolitan Borough Councils. BOOK BOXES lent to Societies, Clubs, Trade Unions, for 68. a year, or 26 a quarter Printed by G. Standring, 7 Finsbury St.. London. E.C.. and published by the Fabian Society, 3 Clement's Inn, Strand, London W.C. THE (LONDON) Tenant's Sanitary Catechism See the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and the Housing of Working Classes Act, 1890.* The references are to the former unless otherwise stated. [DECEMBER, 1896.] The attention of householders and lodgers is directed to the powers given to the local authorities by the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and Housing of Working Classes Act, 1890 (see pages 3 and 4). Occupiers are requested to read the questions below; and if their houses are not in a sanitary condition as prescribed by these Acts, they should fill in these spaces under the heading "Answers," and forward this paper, either signed by themselves OR NOT, to the Sanitary Inspector for the district, who is obliged then to enquire into the matter. Persons employed in an insanitary workshop should use the form to describe the workshop, and send it to the Sanitary Inspector, or to the Home Office, Whitehall, London, S.W. Letters addressed to the Sanitary Inspector, Vestry Offices, with the name of the Parish, should reach the proper authority. This leaflet may also be used by persons desirous of enquiring into the sanitary condition of any district in the County of London. The questions should then be asked by the enquirer, and the blanks filled up by him. The results, when collected, can be tabulated and published in the local press, sent to the Sanitary Authority, the County Council, and the Local Government Board, or otherwise made use of. QUESTIONS. 1. Name of Parish. 2. Name of Street and No. of House. 3. Name of the occupier or occupiers. 4. Name and address of the reputed owner. 5. Has the house a water-closet for the sole use of its inmates? (See Clauses 39 and 40.) 6. If a water-closet, is it properly. flushed with water from a cistern separate from that used for drinking water? (See Clauses 48 and 50.) ANSWERS. Any Act of Parliament can be obtained for a few pence of Messrs. Eyre and Spottiswoode, East Harding-street, E.C., or P. S. King and Son, King-street, Westminster. 7. If not for sole use of the house, how many (a) houses, (b) persons use the same closet? (See Clause 46.) 8. (a) Is the kitchen or scullery fitted with a proper sink? (b) is it in sound condition and trapped? (See Clause 40.) 9. Is there a properly constructed dust-bin for the sole use of the inmates? (See Clause 40.) 10. Is it regularly emptied? II. Are the floors throughout in at proper condition of repair? 12. Are the ceilings and walls clean and in repair and free from cracks? (See Clause 94, e, and Housing of Working Classes Act, 1890, Clause 75.) 13. Is the roof sound and watertight? 14. Is any part of the house in such a condition as to be dangerous or injurious to the health of the inhabitants? (See Clause 2, a.) 15. Is the water-supply abundant ? Is it constant or intermittent? Are taps, etc., conveniently placed? Are the cisterns regularly cleaned, and in an accessible position for inspection? (See Clauses 48 and 50.) 16. Is the back-yard properly paved and drained? (See Clause 16, d.) 17. How many rooms have you in your house? 18. Can you get a house clean and in repair in the parish in which you live? 19. What weekly rent do you pay? 20. What is the space, back and front, between your own house and any other building? (Housing of Working Classes Act, 1890, Clause 38, i., a. and b.) 21. Have you any factory-chimneys close to you which persistently pour smoke upon your dwelling? Is there any works near you which causes bad smells, or noises at night? (See Clauses 23 and 21.) 22. If you inhabit underground rooms what (a) is the height from floor to ceiling, (b) what height is there between the footway and top of windows? (See Clause 96.) I, the undersigned, do hereby give you notice that there exists in or upon the above-named premises the nuisances above stated. Signature. Address Date TO THE SANITARY AUTHORITY. NOTES. SANITARY CLOSETS AND DRAINS. Clause 37 (i)." It shall not be lawful newly to erect any house or to rebuild any house without a sufficient ashpit, with proper doors and coverings and one or more proper and sufficient water-closets furnished with suitable water supply. (iii) the sanitary authority shall cause notice to be served on owner or occupier requiring him forthwith. to provide the same if it be without the said water-closet or dustbin." If such notice is not complied with the owner or occupier shall be liable to a fine not exceeding five pounds. or the sanitary authority may in lieu of proceedings for a fine execute such work and may recover the expense . . from owner of house. Provided that where a water-closet has before the commencement of this Act been used in common by inmates of two or more houses and in the opinion of the sanitary authority may continue to be properly so used, they need not require such for each house" (37, iv.). N.B.-But the local authority should insist on each house having its own closet.] Clause 39.-Every local authority shall provide that all drains, water-closets, earth-closets, privies, ashpits and cesspools within their district be constructed, and so kept as not to be a nuisance or injurious to health. Clause 30 provides that it shall be the duty of every sanitary authority to secure the due removal at proper periods of house refuse from premises and proper emptying and cleansing of all ashpits, closets, and cesspools (if any) in their district. Where this is not done at the ordinary period and the occupier serves on the authority a written notice requiring the removal of such, if a sanitary authority fail without reasonable cause to comply with this section they shall be liable to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds. And if any person in the employ of sanitary authority demands from occupier any fee or gratuity he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding twenty shillings. Clauses 4 and 5 provide that on receipt of any information respecting the exist ence of a nuisance caused by premises unfit for human habitation, a closing order may be obtained, and if sufficient proof is given the Court shall make a closing order and may impose a fine not exceeding twenty pounds. Clause 1.-"It shall be the duty of every sanitary authority to cause to be made from time to time inspection of their district to ascertain what nuisances exist calling for abatement and to enforce the provisions of this Act for purpose of abating same. And to put in force powers vested in them to secure proper sanitary condition of all premises in their district." Nuisances which may be abated summarily: Clause 2 deals with any premises injurious or dangerous to health; any pool, ditch, gutter, water-course, cistern, water-closet, earth-closet, privy, urinal, cesspool, drain, dung-pit, or ashpit-any animal, any accumulation or deposit, any house or part of a house so overcrowded as to be injurious to health. Any absence of water-fittings, factories and workshops (not under Factory Act), and any person may give information to sanitary authority whose duty it shall be to immediately require it to be abated. Clause 75 of Housing of Working Classes Act, provides "that any contract made for letting a house to persons of the working classes shall imply that such house at time of letting is in all respects reasonably fit for human habitation." For weekly tenants the time of letting cannot be more than one week ago. Clause 2 (i) (a), defines a nuisance as any premises in such a state as to be a nuisance or injurious to health. Clauses 2 and 12 give sanitary authority power to abate a nuisance summarily if its order is not complied with. Clause 5 provides that where a nuisance is proved to exist such as renders a house or building unfit for human habitation the Court may impose a closing order till such Court has declared it to have been rendered fit for human habitation. Clause 49 declares a house unfit for human habitation if it has not a proper and sufficient supply of water, and Clause 37 (iii.) provides that a sanitary authority shall call on an owner to provide forthwith closet or ashpit wanting to any inhabited house. Clauses 3 and 12.- Who may Complain.-Information of any nuisance under this Act in the district of the sanitary authority may be given by any person aggrieved thereby or by four householders, or by any officer of such district, relieving officer, constable or police officer. Clause 21 provides that if any house is rendered unfit for human habitation through offensive effluvia arising from any factory adjoining, any ten inhabitants of the district may complain to the sanitary authority, who shall enquire into and abate it. A heavy fine may be imposed. Clause 31 of the Housing of Working Classes Act, 1890, says: "Four or more householders by written complaint can compel the medical officer of health in a locality to inspect houses that are considered unfit for human habitation, and he is then bound to report the results of his inspection to the local authority; he is also bound to declare that such houses or dwellings are fit or are not fit for human habitation. Under the Sanitary Act, 1866, the sanitary authority has power to require any house which is occupied by more than one family to be registered; the sanitary authority has extensive powers over lodging houses thus registered. OVERCROWDING AND DISPLACEMENT OF WORKING CLASSES FOR Overcrowding has to be dealt with under Clauses 2 (e) and 7. As to Displacement of persons for an improvement scheme, Clause 11, Housing of Working Classes Act, provides that accommodation shall be found for at least as many as are displaced in the same area, unless it can be proved that some other place not in immediate vicinity will be equally convenient. Part iii. of the same Act gives power to the London County Council to build or hire cottages or dwellings for the working classes whenever there is need of them. FABIAN LEAFLETS. 6 for id., or 1/- per 100. No. 71. The (London) Tenant's Sanitary Catechism. 68. The Tenant's Sanitary Catechism (for places outside London). 63. For catalogue of other tracts apply to the FABIAN SOCIETY, 276 STRAND, LONDON, W.C. G. STANDRING, PRINTER, FINSBURY ST., LONDON, |