1708; Miscellanies in Prose and Verse, 1711; Letters concerning the Brass Halfpence ("by M. B. Drapier"), 1724; Travels . . . by Lemuel Gulliver, 1726; Miscellanies in Prose and Verse (with Pope), 1727-29; Collection of Genteel and Ingenious Conversation, 1738; and very many pamphlets embodying discussions of English and Irish affairs and theological and social satire. The standard edition of Swift's Works was made by Walter Scott; the second edition of this was reprinted in 1883. There are good volumes of selections edited by Henry Craik (Clarendon Press) and F. C. Prescott (Holt and Co.), and many reprints of Gulliver's Travels (one of the best being that in the Temple Classics). Swift's life has been written by Leslie Stephen, for the Men of Letters series, and by Henry Craik (1885). See also the important work by J. Churton Collins: Swift, a Biographical and Critical Study, 1893. Additional criticism may be found in Thackeray's English Humourists, and in an interesting essay in Miss Vida Scudder's Social Ideals in English Letters. HORACE WALPOLE (fourth Earl of Orford) was born in London, September 24, 1717 (O. S.). He was educated at Eton and at King's College, Cambridge, leaving in 1739 to make a tour of the Continent in company with Thomas Gray; quarreled with Gray, and they separated in 1741, but were afterward reconciled and remained close friends; became Member of Parliament, and held several sinecure offices through the influence of his father, Sir Robert Walpole, prime minister; in 1747 took a house at Twickenham, and began the development of a pseudo-Gothic residence, "Strawberry Hill"; established a private press there, where were printed Gray's poems and many other books; remained in Parliament till 1767, but took little part in politics; spent much time in letter-writing; succeeded to the earldom of Orford in 1791; died in London, March 2, 1797. Walpole's writings include: A Catalogue of the Royal and Noble Authors of England, 1758; Anecdotes of Painting in England, 1762-71; The Castle of Otranto, 1764; The Mysterious Mother, a Tragedy, 1768; besides the hundreds of letters published posthumously. Walpole's Letters were collected by Peter Cunningham, in eight volumes, 1891; a more complete edition was made by Mrs. Paget Toynbee, in sixteen volumes, 1903-05. The Castle of Otranto is most accessible in the reprint in Cassell's National Library. For biography, see Austin Dobson's Horace Walpole, a Memoir, 1890. An agreeable selection from the letters, with comments, forms L. B. Seeley's Horace Walpole and his World. For criticism, see Macaulay's essay on Walpole, Leslie Stephen's essay in Hours in a Library, and (for The Castle of Otranto) Beers's History of Romanticism in the 18th Century. JOSEPH WARTON was born at Dunsfold, Surrey, in April, 1722. He went to Winchester School and Oriel College, Oxford (B. A., 1744); entered the church, and was his father's curate; wrote poetry as a recreation; traveled as chaplain to the Duke of Bolton; became second master at Winchester School, 1755, remaining there till 1793 (head master from 1766); was a friend of Dr. Johnson, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Burke, and Garrick; retired to Wickham in 1793, where he died February 23, 1800. Warton's works include: Odes on Various Subjects, 1746; edition and translation of Virgil, 1753; contributions to Dr. Johnson's Adventurer, 1753-56; Essay on the Genius and Writings of Pope (vol. i) 1756 and (vol. ii) 1782; an edition of Pope's Works, 1797. There is no modern edition of the Essay on Pope. For biography, see Sidney Lee's article in the D. N. B.; for criticism, an essay on "The Wartons" in John Dennis's Studies in English Literature, and Beers's History of Romanticism in the 18th Century. THOMAS WARTON (brother of Joseph Warton) was born at Basingstoke, January 9, 1728. He was educated by his father and at Trinity College, Oxford (B. A., 1747); took orders, but remained at the University as tutor and fellow; wrote poetry as an amateur; studied early English literature with a thoroughness very unusual for his time; was elected Professor of Poetry in 1757, and for ten years lectured on classical topics; in 1785 became Camden Professor of History; was appointed Poet Laureate on the death of Whitehead in 1785, but was unsuccessful as an official poet; died in his college, May 20, 1790. Warton's works include: Observations on the Fairy Queen of Spenser, 1754; contributions to Johnson's Idler, 1758-59; an edition of Theocritus, 1770; History of English Poetry, 1774-81 (never finished); an edition of Milton's minor poems, 1785; and various poems. There is no modern edition of Warton's Observations on the Fairy Queen. For biography and criticism, the references are the same as for Joseph Warton. GILBERT WHITE was born at Selborne, Hampshire, July 18, 1720. He attended Oriel College, Oxford (B. A., 1743); became a fellow of Oriel; entered the church, 1747, and held various curacies, but apparently never aspired to important livings because of his desire to live at Selborne; resided there continuously until his death, and devoted himself largely to observation as a naturalist; in 1767 became acquainted with the naturalist Pennant, and in 1769 with Barrington, his later letters to these friends forming the nucleus of his Selborne; contributed to the transactions of the Royal Society; gradually formed the idea of making a book from his notes and letters; never married, but entertained hospitably at his home; died there on June 26, 1793. White's one book was The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, 1789. There have been several modern editions of Selborne; one of the best is an American reprint with an Introduction by John Burroughs, 1895. The Life and Letters of Gilbert White of Selborne, by R. Holt-White, appeared in 1901. AUG 7- 1916 INDEX OF AUTHORS Addison, Joseph, 159. Anti-Jacobin, The, 691. Berkeley, George, 231. Boswell, James, 624. Burke, Edmund, 558. "Junius," 425. Lewis, Matthew Gregory, 684. Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, 255. Burney, Frances (Mme. d'Arblay), 511. Paine, Thomas, 616. Chesterfield, Lord, 315. Cibber, Colley, 269. Cowper, William, 525. Defoe, Daniel, 1. Dennis, John, 211. Fielding, Henry, 293. Pope, Alexander, 265. Radcliffe, Ann, 676. Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 421. Richardson, Samuel, 281. |