F. Le Mesurier, of New Street, Saint Peters Port, in the Island of Guernsey, Gentleman, for a certain improvement or improvements in the construction of pumps, for raising water or other fluids. September 13th, 6 months.

Sir H. Pigot, of Foley Place, Marylebone, Middlesex, Knight, for a certain engine or engines, useful as steam-engines, pumps, or propellers of vessels, or machinery. September 13th, 6 months.

W. Day, of Gate Street, in the parish of Saint Giles-in-the-Fields, Middlesex, Lithographer, for an improved mode or method of applying and combining timber and other materials used in the construction of ships or vessels, masts, yards, beams, piers, bridges, and various other purposes. September 20th, 6 months.

J. Nasmyth, of Patricroft, near Manchester, Lancashire, Engineer, for certain improvements in machinery, tools, or apparatus, for cutting or planing metals and other substances, and in securing or fastening the keys or cottars used in such machinery, and other machinery where keys or cottars are commonly applied. September 20th, 6 months.

R. W. Sievier, of Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square, Middlesex, Gentleman, for certain improvements in rigger pulley bands, for driving machinery, and ropes and lines for other purposes. September 20th, 6 months.

J.T. Betts, of Smithfield Bars, in the City of London, Rectifyer, for improvements in the manufacture of gin, which he intends to denominate Bett's Patent Gin, or Bett's Patent Stomachic Gin. Communicated by a foreigner residing abroad. September 21st, 6 months.

J. Walton, of Sowerby Bridge, in the parish of Halifax, Yorkshire, Cloth Dresser and Frizer, for certain improvements in machinery for making wire cards for carding cotton, wool, silk, tow, and other fibrous substances of the like nature. September 21st, 6 months.

J. White, of Haddington, North Britain, Ironmonger, for certain improvements in the construction of ovens and heated-air stoves. September 27th, 6 months.

E. Henze, of Fenton's Hotel, Saint James's Street, Merchant, for improvements in the manufacture of dextrine. September 27th, 6 months.

J. J. C. Sheridan, of Ironmonger Lane, Chemist, for an improvement in the manufacture of soap. September 27th, 6 months.

J. H. Rees, of Penymaes, Carmarthen, Esq., for certain improvements in the machinery applicable to the raising of water for propelling boats, carriages, and other machinery. September 27th, 6 months.

E. A. F. Delarue, jun., of Bacon's Hotel, Saint Paul's Churchyard, for certain improvements in printing and fixing red and other colours in which red forms a constituent part upon cotton, silk, woollen, and other fabrics. September 27th, 6 months.

HISTORICAL REGISTER.

Parliament has been prorogued from the 11th of October to the 4th of December. The most important occurrence of the month has been the intelligence received from Canada respecting the resignation of the Earl of Durham. The following are

extracts:

"Quebec, Saturday Evening, Sept. 22.

"The Earl of Durham has avowed his determination to resign his administration, and leave the country, immediately on his receipt of the official proceedings of the British Parliament.

"This day, at half-past three o'clock, he met by appointment the delegates from the lower provinces, to wit, the Hon. Messrs. Johnston, Uniacke, and Young, from Nova Scotia; Messrs. Simonds, Johnston, Peters, Robertson, and Kirk, from New Brunswick; and Messrs. Dalrymple, Haviland, and Pope, from Prince Edward's. Mr. Johnston, from Nova Scotia, is the Solicitor-General of that province. Mr. Simonds is Speaker of the Assembly of New Brunswick, and Mr. Dalrymple Speaker of the Assembly of Prince Edward's."

The Hon. Mr. Johnston of Halifax, who acted as Chairman of the Delegates, then read the following Address to his Excellency the Earl of Durham :—

"TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF DURHAM, GOVERNORGENERAL OF THE BRITISH NORTH AMERICAN PROVINCES, &c. &c.

"In approaching your Lordship on the eve of your departure from Quebec, we beg unanimously to offer to your Lordship the expression of our highest respect, and of the deep concern with which we have heard of your Lordship's rumoured intention to resign the government of these provinces.

"The duties of the mission with which we have been entrusted by the LieutenantGovernors of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island, and the frankness of communication permitted by the Lordship, have brought us into acquaintance with your Lordship's feelings and views in relation to British America, and irresistibly impressed our minds with the conviction that your Lordship cherishes an ardent desire to elevate the colonies committed to your government, and entertains conceptions calculated to render that desire effective.

"In a review of the short period of the government under your Lordship's personal direction, we behold your Lordship, with that feeling so congenial to Englishmen, which turns with repugnance from the shedding of blood on the scaffold, blending mercy with justice; while returning tranquillity had already rewarded an administration conducted without the sacrifice of human life; and we were aware that improved laws and institutions were in preparation, which, under a government firm, mild, and impartial, gave to the future the reasonable prospect of restored confidence and renovated prosperity.

"For the provinces with which we are more personally connected, we saw in the warm interest, the enlightened and comprehensive views, and extensive powers of your Lordship, the dawning of vigour and improvement hitherto unknown. With your Lordship's departure those anticipations will, we fear, fade away; but although it should be our lot to see these provinces continue feeble and nerveless, compared with the condition at which their natural advantages entitle them to aim, yet shall we ever remember with gratitude the statesman, who, exalted in the first rank, and treading on the highest eminence of political life in our common country, hesitated not, at the call of his Sovereign, with disinterested zeal, to undertake an office of unparalleled difficulty, and has given to these distant territories the benefit of his enlarged experience and vigorous conceptions. Your Lordship's comprehensive mind has opened to our view the animating prospects of great public improvements advancing our common welfare, and which will ever associate your Lordship's name with the highest prosperity of the colonies.

"We are unwilling to abandon the hope that your lordship may yet continue in the administration of your high office. Under any circumstances, we beg to assure your Lordship, that our most ardent wishes for the happiness of the Countess of Durham, your Lordship, and family, will accompany you through life.

"J. W. JOHNSTON, Member of the Legislative Council, Nova Scotia.

JAMES B. UNIACKE, Member for County of Cape Breton, and Member of
Council.

"WILLIAM YOUNG, Member of Assembly for the County of Inverness.
"M. B. ALMON.

("Deputation from Nova Scotia.)

"CHARLES SYMONDS, Member of the Executive Council, and Speaker of the Assembly of New Brunswick.

"HARRY PETERS, Legislative Council.

"A. BOTSFORD, Member of Executive and Legislative Councils.

HUGH JOHNSON, Member of the Executive Council and House of Assembly. "JAMES KIRK.

"JOHN ROBERTSON.

"(Deputation from New Brunswick.)

"T. H. HAVILAND, Member of Executive and Legislative Councils.
"GEORGE DALRY PLE, Speaker of the House of Assembly.
"JOSEPH POPE, Member of Assembly for Prince County.

66

(Deputation from Prince Edward Island.)

Quebec, Sept. 22, 1838."

To which address his Excellency was pleased to return the following answer :"It is impossible for me to express to you, in language sufficiently strong, the feelings of gratitude and pleasure with which I have received this address.

66

Representing, as you do so worthily, the three provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island, this high proof of your confidence in me, and approbation of the principles on which my administration has been conducted, are most gratifying to me.

"I assumed the government of the North American provinces with the predetermination to provide for the future welfare and prosperity of them all; never doubting that such a provision would be the best, nay the only real security for their permanent connexion with the British Crown. In communications which have taken place between us, and from which I have derived equal pleasure and information, you have been fully apprised of my views and intentions. These you have appreciated and recognised in a manner for which I can never be sufficiently grateful. I have, indeed, had a difficult and laborious duty to perform. The result of my endeavours, however, is one of which I need not be ashamed. In the short space of little more than three months I have seen tranquillity restored and confidence reviving. I have caused substantial justice to be administered, tempered by mercy. I have carefully examined, with a view to reformation, all the institutions of the province more immediately committed to my charge; and I was on the point of promulgating such laws as would have afforded protection to all those great British interests which had been too long neglected. I had also, as you well know, devoted the most careful attention to all subjects which could affect the general interests of all the colonies, and had brought nearly to maturity the plan which I intended to submit in the first instance to the consideration of the provinces, and eventually of the Cabinet and the Imperial Parliament. In this, I trust, useful course, I have been suddenly arrested by the interference of a branch of the British Legislature, in which the responsible advisers of the Crown have deemed it their duty to acquiesce. Under these circumstances I have but one step to take-to resign that authority, the exercise of which has thus been so weakened as to render it totally inadequate to the grave emergency which alone called for its existence.

"Be assured, however, of this, gentlemen, that this unexpected and abrupt termination of the official connexion which united me with the North American provinces, will not weaken in my mind the feelings of deep interest which I shall ever take in their fate, or render me less anxious to devote every faculty of my mind, every influence I may possess, to the advancement of their interests, and to the establishment, on the most lasting foundation, of their welfare and prosperity."

"After the answer had been given to the delegates, Lord Durham spoke to them in the most impressive manner for some ten minutes, expressing his sentiments more fully than he had done in his written answer. He thanked them for their promptness in complying with his invitation to meet him, for the purpose of consulting on the welfare of the several provinces. He was happy to find that but one sentiment prevailed a determination never to be separated from England, the home of their fathers. His Lordship said, that amid all the perplexities which had surrounded him, he had found consolation and pleasure in looking forward to the prospect of a settlement of the many difficulties which presented themselves at almost every step. The calling together of the delegates from the Lower Provinces was a subject on which he had bestowed a good deal of thought, and he had entertained hopes that some plan could be adopted which would benefit each province, and strengthen the bonds of the whole, thereby shedding a lustre on that country which of all others might be considered the glory of the world. His excellency remarked, that difficulties might have presented themselves in the arrangement of a union, but he assured the delegates that his great object would have been the good of the whole, and not particularly that of the Canadas. He would have heard with attention every argument which could have been brought forward, and would have endeavoured to satisfy all. He declared, that whatever he did should be done openly and fairly, and never would he make use of deception to gain any point. That was the language he used to the Emperor of Russia, when he was ambassador to that court, and that course should guide him in all his pursuits through life.

"Lord Durham then alluded to the Canadas, and said they were very imperfectly known to those at home. He knew very little about them while in England. He came out, he said, not to gratify his own personal feelings, but to obey the commands of his sovereign. His views of this country had greatly changed since he became acquainted with her resources, and with a portion of her inhabitants; and wherever he might be called, and however employed, he should always cherish an ardent wish for the prosperity of this vast country.

"It had been his aim, and the dearest object of his wishes, to be able to inform her Majesty that her fine possessions in British America might be considered one of the richest gems of her dominions; that the entire population were in a perfect state of harmony and friendship; and that each party was striving which could most promote the good of the whole. He had not yet brought into action those measures which were intended for the good of the country, but several of them were nearly completed, and would most immediately have been made public.

"At a moment when he was about to complete those plans which had been maturing, party spirit had interposed her withering hand, and blasted all his hopes for the welfare of the Canadas. He could not, he did not, wish to conceal from the gentlemen present, that the recent intelligence from England, although not official to him, had made a deep impression on his mind. Opposition from Lord Brougham, and from those acting with him, was no more than he might expect; but he was compelled to say that he had been put down-sacrificed by his friends!—those whose duty it was to stand forth in his defence, at a period when his political enemies were using their utmost energy to destroy him. [Here his Lordship was so overcome, that he had to retire to a distant part of the room. Returning, he offered an apology, but none was needed, for every one present had partaken of the same feeling that had come over his Lordship. He continued.] It was, he said, the duty of her Majesty's ministers to support him in the hour of persecution, and not to join with his bitter foes in striking at his head.

"Deprived of all ability to do anything for Canada, it could be of no use for him to remain longer in the country, and he should leave it as soon as he received the official account of the parliamentary doings. It was his intention to be on his way for England by the 10th of October. He then took an affectionate farewell of the delegates, tendering to them the steam frigate Medea to convey them home. That beautiful vessel sails in the morning at seven o'clock with a portion of them, and the residue go up to-night in the Canada, and will visit the city of New York, viá the Falls.

"Yesterday and to-day a large number of highly respectable persons called at the Castle, and left their names to an address, praying his excellency to remain in charge of the government at this critical juncture."*"

The Great Western, which brought over these despatches, made the voyage in the astonishingly short space of twelve days and a half! The following is an interesting document, a copy of her log.

"The Great Western left New York at four o'clock on the 4th inst., and arrived at Bristol at half-past eight on the 16th.

"The following are some particulars of the voyage :

*The result of this, and of the despatches sent by the government, cannot as yet be known.

REMARKS AND VESSELS SPOKEN WITH.

Oct. 5.-Fresh breezes; clear. P.M. Moderate and hazy.

6.-Calm; moderate and fine.

7.-Moderate and fine.

8. Moderate and hazy.

9.-Fresh breezes and hazy.

10.-Moderate and hazy; a head sea.

11.-Light breezes and fine.

12.-Light breezes and hazy.

13.-Moderate and cloudy.

14.-Showers; fresh breezes and cloudy.

15.-Northerly swell; rain at times; squally.

16.-Northerly swell; squally; fresh gales and rain.

Oct. 7.-Passed and spoke a ship from Newcastle, supposed the Bolivar. 12.-The French bark Croix du Sud. The brig Funchal, of Glasgow, from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Oporto.

Captain Hosken, who has communicated this "log," adds that, unless some of their coals had not turned out bad, he should have been home one day sooner.

The next great undertaking of the kind is that of the large steam-ship, Liverpool, which is now on her way to New York, having first made an experimental trip, which was accomplished most satisfactorily. The following are the particulars, which we give in order to put on record in our pages those first steps of nautical science, so to speak, in this direction, which will hereafter, in all probability, be looked back upon with interest.

"At twenty minutes past six, the Liverpool passed opposite St. Nicholas's church, the usual place of starting of the government and other outgoing steam-boats, and from which, consequently, she took her departure.' She had on board three hundred and seventy-one tons of fuel, being the greatest portion of the stock required to steam her across the Atlantic. Notwithstanding the depression which so large a quantity, in addition to all her stores, necessarily produced, her speed against the flood was ten to ten and a half knots an hour, which she maintained generally, and sometimes exceeded, throughout a passage which on the whole was stormy, with a heavy beam sea for the most part, and a heading wind. In twenty minutes she passed the Rock Lighthouse, the engine giving about fourteen strokes per minute. We passed several steamers homeward-bound, and returned their cheers. In turning into the Rock Channel, we began to feel a swell of a sea, the result of the previous gales, kept up by a stiff breeze from the north, which looked black, accompanied by a shower of rain and sleet. Set the foresail, and afterwards the mainsail, closehauled, the breeze increasing as we proceeded, accompanied by some bail. During occasional gleams of sunshine, Hilbre Island and the shores on the estuary of the Dee looked beautiful. We now observed that the hills behind the Ormeshead were covered with a thin coating of snow, and the chilliness of the wind betokened a premature visit of winter.

"We passed the Floating Light, the wind blowing fresh, with a heavy and gathering sea on the beam. Soon after, reefed the mainsail, the topmasts being before struck, and all made snug. At eleven o'clock saw the Calf of Man, bearing about north, and, at the same time, the high land of the Isle of Man, to the westward, white with snow. The sea rolled heavier and heavier from the north, and so continued until after we passed the Skerries, when the weather became more moderate. The ship underwent a fair trial during the height of the breeze and the swell, and behaved most admirably. She steered with the greatest facility, one hand being sufficient to give her safe guidance, even in the heaviest of the sea, as was proved by Sir John Tobin himself, who steered her, with all the enthusiasm of an amateur and the skill of a sailor, for several leagues. It was a glorious sight to stand near the wheel of this stupendous ship, (two hundred and thirty-five feet in length,) and mark with what indignant velocity, like a thing of life,' she cut through the mountainous element that boiled and yawned around her, and vainly sought to oppose her progress, without once shipping a sea. To see this-to take a long walk, too, upon her spacious decks-a lounge through her palace-like cabins, feeling as secure as on terra firma-all conveyed to the mind a peculiar, indescribable, but delightful sensa