the founding by Emperor William for the Home's devotional services. Then he told us of his longing to gather a few young spirits about him; and how at last the way had been made plain; the house next his own, viz. Mittelstrasse 10, purchased, and furnished with beautiful neatness, yet plainly. Mr. Inspector Besser, Lic. Theol., Privat Docent in Theology in the University was engaged to take charge, and the house opened in 1871, to the great joy of Tholuck. The original students who were to enjoy its benefits were selected by Dr. and Mrs. Tholuck, the evident principle of selection being to take such as would likely become very useful men, and would be furthered in becoming so by residence in the house, the pecuniary means of the student not being considered. Such as were able to pay and chose to come were charged about the same as they would pay for like boarding comforts elsewhere in the town. Poorer men were charged less, and according to their means. The same principles have guided in the selection of new residents as the previous ones left, each leaving after a residence of one or two years. The students have no lectures or classes in common in the house, save that once a week an evening is occupied by a meeting for theological discussion, the Inspector presiding, and each student taking his turn in opening the discussion by an Essay on the subject for the evening. In one session the theology of the New Testament was discussed; on each evening the theology of one particular writer. In another session the Formula Concordiae was taken up, its various doctrines being carefully described and criticised on successive nights. In another session the subject was Dogmatic Theology; in another, the John question, each student discussing on his evening one of the subordinate questions arising as part of the discussion of the whole question. Let me say that the methods followed were strictly rational, and no favor was shown for any traditional doctrine which could not stand the rigid test of reason. In addition to these studies, a meeting for reading some Hebrew text was also held in some sessions. The Inspector, besides presiding at these, conducted the morning devotions, when fifteen minutes were usually spent in a rich exercise of reading, song, and prayer.

Each man has a study to himself, and nearly every one a bedroom to himself. Light and fuel are furnished, also the light German breakfast of coffee and a little roll or two, and supper of a plain sort. All other meals, and washing, every man has to provide for himself. Tholuck's library became at once, and is to remain always, the library of the house. or the nucleus of a larger. Each resident has free access to the garden. A man and his wife are provided by the Tholucks to do all house-work and serve the students as they may desire.

Seven students and the Inspector are all the house accommodates. Thus far one of the number has been almost always some one of the American or English students attending Halle University. The wisdom of the Tholucks in providing thus for a little cosmopolitan influence among

the German residents is evident. They have desired to enlarge the accommodation, and this especially of late, while opportunity for securing neighboring property has been rather convenient. Knowing this, a large number of men in Britain, who knew and loved Tholuck, leading men of all denominations have formed a committee to endeavor to secure an enlargement of the institution as a fit monument to Tholuck's memory. Nothing could be more appropriate as an honor to him and his work, and as a memento of what he and his work were. For he himself has chosen to perpetuate that work even after his death by this institution. He has chosen, too, one may say, thus to extend his life; since when he is gone, all that he had remains supporting this house.

A considerable sum of money has been collected in Britain for this purpose during the past two years, and has been forwarded to Mrs. Tholuck by Rev. Mr. Paton of the Nottingham Congregational Institute. The small sum that was sent to Halle on the occasion of Tholuck's jubilee to aid in establishing a Tholuck Scholarship in the University, belonging entirely to the University, and yielding annually a small income for some student who may be elected to receive it, can hardly be said to render this memorial out of place. A movement has been planned for raising a fund in America, to be added to that just sent from Britain for this Memorial House. This plan will be carried out ere long, although it has been decided to defer it for a while on account of the heavy financial depression in the country.

It is intended that the fund thus collected be sent to Halle in part as a sort of foundation of a German fellowship for men who may be chosen by competitive examination or otherwise, from time to time, for the benefit by different Theological Seminaries which may take part in forming the fund. Such a student will receive at a very low rate all the privileges of residence in the house in the midst of a group of active German Theological students. God bless Tholuck's memory to us, and send success to this plan. May many other men undertake a like work of educating scientific theologians, and carefully trained Christian teachers, with their own means, and this during their own life, not merely by bequests.

ARTICLE VIII.

RECENT GERMAN WORKS.

THEOLOGICAL.

BY PROF. ARCHIBALD DUFF, JR., MONTREAL.

In our last number appeared an Article describing the various theological periodicals of Germany. We purpose henceforth quoting regularly from these at least the titles of the more important of the newly appearing theological books which they notice; adding also remarks of our own, such as it may be possible to make in spite of the difficulty of seeing the books, or of consulting many Germans who would be able to express valuable opinions. Most of the following have been noticed or have appeared since January 1, 1877. We hope to give soon a list of the more important issues, for a longer period past, and also to note the more important philosophical works which have appeared during the past eighteen months. Among those issued or noticed in Germany since the beginning of this year are:

Berliner, Dr. A.: The Massorah for the Targum of Onkelos, containing the Greater and Lesser Massorah. (Die Massorah zum Targum Onkelos, enth. Massorah magna u. Massorah parva.) By Dr. A. Berliner. Leipzig: Hinrich's Publishing House. pp. 143. 8vo. 4 Mark.

Braum, Dr. C.: The Idea “ Person" in its Application to the Doctrines of the Trinity and the Incarnation, discussed on the Basis of Studies in the History of Doctrine. (Der Begriff " Person" in seiner Anwendung auf die Lehre v. der Trinität u. Incarnation, auf dogmengeschichtl. Grundlage dargestellt.) By Dr. C. Braun. Mayence: Kircheim. 1876. pp. 162. 1. 8vo. 23 Mark. A Roman Catholic work.

Clement, Dr. Aug.: The Stories of the Miracles of Elijah and Elisha in the Books of Kings. A Hermeneutical-apologetical Study. (Die Wunderberichte üb. Elia u. Elisa in den Büchern der Könige. Eine hermeneutisch-apologet. Studie.) By Prof. Dr. Aug. Clement. Grimma (Gensel). pp. 42 1. 4to. 1 Mark.

Domkapit: The Canons and Decrees of the Holy Ecumenical Council of Trent in a New German Translation. (Die heil. ökumenischen, Canonen u. Decrete des Concils v. Trient in neuer deutscher Uebersetzung.) Along with the Regulations of older origin relating to this Matter, and with many of the Declarations of the S. Congregatio interpretum Concilii Tridentini, also done into German; with a Historical Introduction for each Session. The original text, according to the Roman edition of 1862, printed on opposite page. Full Index. Appendix: The funda

mental dogmatical principles of the Vatican Council, and the more recent papal decisions. Edited by Domkapit, Franz Ser. Petz. In Passau at Bucher's. pp. 566. 1. 8vo. 9 Mark.

Godet, Dr. F.: Commentary on the Gospel of John. (Commentar zum Evangelium Johannis.) By Prof. Dr. Godet. Second Part. First Number. Second edition, translated into German by Pastor E. R. Wunderlich. Hannover: Meyer. pp. 1-192. 1. 8vo. 4 Mark. Or Part I. and Part II., 1, 8 Mark.

Guthe, Herm.: De Foederis notione Jeremiana commentatio historica. By Hermann Guthe, Lic. Theol. Leipzig: Hinrich. pp. 67. 1. 8vo. 24 Mark. The writer is one of the young theologians who have been largely aided in preparation for future professorial work by the “Foundation" for Repetents or Tutors in the University of Göttingen. Three men can enjoy its privileges at the same time, are admitted to it on strict examination and preparation of a discourse, are then required to take charge of the University Commons for Theological Students, to conduct classes there, and, besides, to give courses of lectures in the university, to aid the university preachers, and to assist the theological librarian. By all this they are tested, as well as trained in fitness to be university instructors. At the end of two years' service they usually pass the examination for habilitation or venia docendi, and become licentiates in theology and privat-docents, or, as we might say, "fellows,” next in rank to the extraordinarii or assistant professors. Mr. Guthe is a man of fine character and a hard worker.

"The

Prof. Diestel of Tübingen, author of the important work on History of the Interpretation of the Old Testament," reviews this, Mr. Guthe's first publication, in the Jena Literary News (Jenaer Literaturzeitung), 1877, No. 29. He gives a brief sketch of the book, thus: " The author describes, in Part I. of this treatise, the idea of the covenant, as found in Jeremiah's writings. For this prophet has used the idea oftener than his predecessors, and appears also to consider it more important than they do. The covenant was given, on God's part, as a benefaction to the people; at the same time, it includes a double right which Jahweh possesses as related to the people, and vice versa. The divine obligation is fulfilled in benefits which Jahweh confers on the people; but these are also fruits of grace. Part II. considers the breaking of the covenant. Faith that God's anger will not annihilate the people is a product of the idea of the covenant. The divine visitations will rather make the people better, and more ready to receive the new covenant, which will include in itself, above all, such a renewal of the whole disposition as will make a permanent apostasy impossible. In the Conclusion, the leading thoughts are summed up. The writer considers the idea to have been especially valuable, because, in consequence of it, the people were regarded as not subjected to arbitrary treatment by God, but Jahweh viewed as making

known his fixed will, and binding himself to suffer his anger to reach only so far as the ultimate aims of the covenant permitted.

"Both choice of theme and method are decidedly praiseworthy. The idea of the covenant is nowadays much spoken of, but its exact meaning and its application far from properly known. Concerning method the author rightly says: Non ad nostrae Christianae fidei rationem exigenda sunt quae Jeremias locutus est, sed ad gentis Israeliticae vel potius prophetae nondum Christiani intelligentiam.""

Heinrich, Dr. J. B.: Dogmatic Theology. (Dogmatische Theologie.) By Prof. Dr. J. B. Heinrich. Second Volume. Third Part. Mayence: Kircheim. 1876. pp. 561-824. 1. 8vo. 3 Mark (1. and 11. 183 Mark). A Roman Catholic work.

Hesse, Dr. F. H.: The Terministic Controversy. A Picture of Theological Life in the Period about the End of the Seventeenth and the Beginning of the Eighteenth Century. (Der terministische Streit. Ein Bild theolog. Lebens aus den Gränjahren d. 17 u. 18 Jahrh.). By Prof. Dr. Fredr. Herm. Hesse. Giessen: Ricker. pp. 471. 1. 8vo. 8 Mark. Henermann, A.: The Importance of Statistics for the Study of Ethics. (Die Bedeutung der Statistik für die Ethik.) By A. Henermann, Gymnasium Teacher. Osmabrück and Göttingen: Vanderhoeck and Ruprecht. 1876. pp. 34. 1. 4to. 1 Mark. It is noteworthy that this new line of investigation is receiving much attention, as it deserves.

Bickell, Dr. G.: S. Isaaci Antiocheni, doctoris Syrorum, opera omnia. Ex omnibus quotquot extant codicibus mser. cum varia lectione Syriace Arabiceque primus ed., Latine vertit, prolegomenis et glossario auxit Prof. Dr. Gust. Bickel. Giessen: Ricker. Pars. II. pp. 353. 1. 8vo. 14 Mark. (1. and 11. 26 Mark.)

Kahnis, Dr. K. F.A.: Address on the Fulness of the Times. (Die Erfüllung der Zeiten.) By Dr. K F. A. Kahnis. Leipzig: Böhme and Drescher. pp. 42. 1. 16mo. Mark.

Kamp, A. H.: A Critical Exposition of Schleiermacher's Doctrine of God. (Schleiermacher's Gotteslehre kritisch dargestellt.) Magdeburg and Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht. 1876. pp. 42. 1. 8vo. 1 Mark. Katschthaler, Prof. Dr. Joa.: Theologia dogmatica catholica specialis. Liber 1. De regni divini per Deum institutione, seu theologia sensu stricto, complectens doctrinam de Deo uno et trino nec non de Deo creatore. Regensburg: Manz. pp. 527. 1. 8vo. 8 Mark. A Roman Catholic work.

Kayser, Pastor Dr.: Critical Examination of the Sources of Information concerning Tetzel the Indulgence-Preacher. (Die Geschichtsquellen üb, den Ablassprediger Tetzel kritisch beleuchtet.) Annaberg: Rudolph and Dieterici. pp. 20. 1. 8vo. Mark.

Langlotz, K. W.: Fundamental Truths of the New Theology. (Grundwahrheiten der neuen Theologie.) An Essay. Hannover and Leipzig: Stauffer. pp. 104. 1. 8vo. 2 Mark.