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INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME.

AFRICAN pantomime, 199
Algiers, 448

Alice Morrison, 270
Alloy, metallic, 488
Amazonian record, a, 201
Andrew Dawson, 481

Anecdotes of Glenmannow, 307
Animal, a remarkable, 488
Animalcules, 327

Ascent of the Elborouss, 116
Attachment, local, 164
Aurora borealis in Orkney, 68

Balls, incendiary, 368

Battle of Cuton Moor, the, 420
Beauty, female, 30

Bees, bloody battle of the, 395
Bell of St. Regis, the, 322
Blake the painter, sketch of, 25
Blindness, wonderful instances of, 123
Blood, quantity of circulating in man, 303
Bossuet, 248

Brazilians, manners and customs of the,
438

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Coals, 448

Cobbett's characteristics, by himself, 328]
Colman's Random Records, 90

Constable, the late Archibald, 59,

Conversations with Lord Byron, 477
Corporal Barnsley, 353

Crabbe, Wordsworth, and Byron, the writ-
ings of, 195

Crébillon, 248

Crispin a connoisseur, 247
Cuba, 88

Cunningham, Allan. Sketch of Blake the
painter, 25

Fuseli as a painter and author, 66

Delta, on the writings and genius of, 49
On the genius of Professor Wilson,
129

The probationer of Lochievale, 388
Devil's mill, the, 135

Dressing the human body, on the art of, 69
Duddingstone, a legend of, 79
Duns, 287

Earwigs harmless, 408

Ecclesiastic, a diligent one, 408
Economy, punctilious, 448
Education, 299

Elborouss, ascent of the, 116
Eloquence, natural, 448′
Emulation, 328

England, last hours of the earlier sove-
reigns of, 470

English language, the, 125

Envy, 328

Ettrick Shepherd, the, sketch of, 276
A remarkable animal, 488

Noctes Ambrosianæ, 284, 296, 331, 373,
395, 418

Thirst in a desart, 466

Fact, a, 128

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Foote's ostentation, 86

Medicine, mental, 88

Mitford, Miss. Tom Hopkins, 291
Monk, the, and the miller's wife, 79
Moore, Francis, outdone, 128

Frederick the Great and Zimmermann, 288 Moore's Notices of Lord Byron, 12

Frogere and the Emperor Paul, 359

Friendships, 475

Fuseli as a painter and author, 66

Garlands and grey hairs, 348

Moscow, 127

Moses, veracity of the five books of, 115

Moths, 46

Motion, muscular, 368

Murray the linguist, 59

Gatherer, the, 46, 85, 125, 164, 246, 287, Musical Memnon, the, 294

327, 366, 407, 448, 487

Genius, 408

Genius and ambition, 373

German genius, specimens of, 269
Glenmannow, anecdotes of, 307

Gold, imitation, 168

Granawaile, an Amazonian record, 201

Gretna Green, 111

Grief, 407

Gymnastics, 47

Hamilton, Dr. Robert, 404

Headsman, the: a tale of doom, 169
Hemans, Mrs. on the genius of, 369
Songs of the Affections, 467
Hogg, James, sketch of, 276
Honor, a nice point of, 85
Hydrophobia, 408

Influence of scenery upon the mind, 358
Ingenuity, true, 367

Irish school, specimen of an,

263

James of Scotland in captivity, 104
Jeffreys, Judge, and the countryman's
beard, 288

Jesuits, the, 168

Joke, Aberdonian, an, 444

Kennedy's Conversations with Lord By-
ron, 477

Knowledge the source of eloquence, 368
Körner the German poet, 158

Laird's arrival, the, 363

Language and style as poetical vehicles, 195
Last hours of the earlier sovereigns of En-
gland, 470

Lawrence, Sir Thomas, 44
Leyden, 59

Lilies, white, 166

Literary chit-chat, No. III. 59

Literary notices, 48, 88, 128, 248, 288, 368,
448, 487

Literature, English, on the cycles of, 40, 75
Local attachment, 164
London, a letter from, 237
Longevity, 328

Love of nature, the, 117

Man, moral and physical nature of, 449
Marmoset, the, 239

Marriage ceremonies in Syria, 304

Massarano, Prince, 287

May flowers, 89

May-pole, the, origin of, 126

My Christmas dinner, 56
My neighbors, 23

Nature, animated, joyousness of, 443
Nature, on the love of, 117

Nature, remarks on the study of, 33
Naval force in France, 127

Newfoundland adventures, 375, 409
Night, length of in various parts, 127
Noctes Ambrosianæ, 284, 296, 331, 373,
395, 418

"Not guilty," 313

Nova Scotia, the aborigines of, 244
Novelty, 319

Oaks, large, 408

Old coats, a chapter on, 141
Old mortality, 159

Orkney, the aurora borealis in, 68
Our village, a sketch of, 363

Painter, the, 264
Parisian custom, 48

Paul, the Emperor, and Frogere, 359
Phrenologists, the, a new organ for, 248
Phrenology, 59
Pig, the lame, 315
Poet laureate, 126
Poetry of life, the, 401
Porson, Professor, 484
Port of Venasque, the, 249
Potatoes, cultivation of, 408
Preaching and pig-killing, 368
Prejudice, an analysis of, 241
Prettyman and Tomline, 246
Prisons, 288

Probationer of Lochievale, the, 388
Proteus, description of the, 86
Proverbs, 100

Pyrennees, a scene in the, 249

Random Records, 90

Regis, St. the bell of. A Canadian sketch,

322

Remarks on the study of nature, 33
Reviews of new works.

Letters and Journals of Lord Byron;
with Notices of his Life. By Tho-
mas Moore. Vol. I., 12
Random Records. By George Colman
the Younger, 90

Songs of the Affections, with other Po-

ems. By Felicia Hemans, 467
The Veracity of the Five Books of Mo-
ses. By the Rev. J. J. Blunt, 115
Rheumatism, recipe for, 298

McCrie, Mrs., Charles Matthew's old Rio de Janeiro, customs in, 236

Scotch lady, 315

Rome, population of, 223,

Scenery, on the influence of upon the Transplantation, 296

mind, 358

School, Irish, specimen of an, 263

Sicilian statistics, 165

Scottish village, picture of a, 139

Signs of the seasons, 167

herd, 276

Slander, 407

Transportation a benefit, 407

Turkey, a family quarrel in, 356
Twins, Siamese, 47

Vaccination, 167

Sketch of James Hogg, the Ettrick Shep- Valley of Glen Cruagh, a story of the,

Songs of a May-day wedding, 343

Songs of the affections, 467

Sound, concentration of, 288

Sparta, ancient, 162

Stage, writing for the, 88

Station, the, 231

Steam engine, the, 448

Steel, how to preserve from rust, 88

Story of the Valley of Glen Cruagh, 452
Syria, marriage ceremonies in, 304

Tale of doom, a, 169

Tale of my country side, a, 481
Tea of Siberia, 328

Thirst in a desart, 466

Thumping won't make a gentleman, 87

Tin and steel, how to preserve from rust,
168

Tit for tat, 368

Tom Hopkins, 291

Venasque, the Port of, 249

Violent temper, receipt for a, 407

452

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Chatelar, 51

Come live with me, 120

Forsaken, the, to the false one, 157

Gertrude Von der Wart's adieu to her
husband, 371

Gondola, the, 30

Graves of a household, the, 370
Guest's song, the, 345

Heber, Bishop. Sympathy, 404

Hemans, Mrs. The lady of Provence, 62
The adieu of Gertrude von der Wart to
her husband, 371

The better land, 469

The exile's dirge, 468
The graves of a household, 370
The ruin, 469

The Vaudois' wife, 468
The voice of spring, 372

Crabbe, George. A parish poor house, 196 Hymn to wisdom, 110

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"I am the first foole of all the whole nauie,
To keepe the Pompe, the Helme, and eke the Sayle;
For this is my minde, this one pleasure haue I,
Of bookes to haue great plentie and apparayle,
I take no wisdome by them, nor yet auayle,
Nor them perceaue not, and then I them despise ;
Thus am I a foole, and all that sue that guise."

So sung honest old Barclay in his
"Ship of Fools," somewhere about
the year 1500. I know not whether
he concluded his poem on fool's day;
but it seems from his honest chroni-
cling that the lack of fools was as little
to be complained of then as now. In-
deed, I know no era more appropriate,
no time when the day has more claim
to be celebrated with due pomp and
circumstance. The Romans kept a
festival in honor of Venus, on the 1st
of April; whether intending to imply
thereby that lovers are more fools
than other people, it is not now prac-
ticable to determine. If this were the
case in the days of Augustus, of
which there can be no doubt, nature
being the same in all ages, we have
the pleasure of reflecting that, in one
thing at least, we rival the masters of
the world in the zenith of their glory;
-would to heaven we were as great
imitators of them in some other things
which I could name! From the Ro-
mans, the early Christians, who lost
no opportunity of turning to account
the superstitions of the Pagan worship,
transmuted the observation of the day
into a Christian festival. It is singu-
lar, however, that we have no St.
Fool. We have saints of every other
name in our calendar; but St. Fool,
1 ATHENEUM, VOL. 4, 3d series.

it is to be feared, stuck in the throats of the popes and councils, to whom we owe most of these characters. The nomenclature was an unlucky obstacle. When the day consecrated to the Goddess of Beauty was thus transferred to another creed, it is to be lamented that the sprigs of myrtle, the flowers, and the lively and joyous part of the ceremonies of the day, were forgotten. The church perverted it to mummery. The Bishop of Fools officiated in old St. Paul's ; and the absurdity of the rejoicings and mountebank trickery displayed there, rendered more awkward by northern barbarity, ill replaced the elegance of Pagan ceremony. Boys were mitred and crosiered, and preached sermons full of buffoonery at the very altar; the clergy, more interested in temporal matters than zealous for spiritual decency, either assisting, or shaking their sleek and plethoric sides among the tumultuous and jeering spectators. These abuses were done away with afterwards, I believe, by royal interference.

The French, who are the first people in the world at a joke, not only for its wit but its application, have long enjoyed fool's day. Among them ridicule is the most successful weapon

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