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"Almack's" was issued in 1831, and followed by "A Key to Almack's," by Benjamin Disraeli.

"We could, however, stay there but a short time; for we were to go to Almack's, where, with some exertion, we arrived just before the doors were closed at midnight. It was very brilliant, as it always is; and the arrangements for ease and comfort were perfect,no ceremony, no supper, no regulation or managing, brilliantly lighted large halls, very fine music, plenty of dancing. It struck me, however, that there were fewer of the leading nobility and fashion there than formerly, and that the general cast of the company was younger."

George Ticknor (in 1835).

The Fraction asked himself: How will this look in Almack's, and before Lord Mahogany? The Winklemann asked himself: How will this look in the Universe, and before the Creator of Man? Carlyle. Almack's Club. This club in Pall Mall, London, was founded in 1764, and was celebrated for the gambling which took place there. Walpole writes, in 1770, that the gaming at Almack's is "worthy the decline of our empire, or commonwealth, which you please." He adds: "The young men of the age lose ten, fifteen, twenty thousand pounds, in an evening there." Charles Fox was a member, and also Gibbon. The latter wrote, that, notwithstanding the rage of play, he found there more entertainment and rational society than in any other club to which he belonged. Almack's afterwards became Goosetree's Club, of which, in 1780, Pitt and Wilberforce were members. See BROOKES'S CLUB.

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Home of the Percy's high-born race,
Home of their beautiful and brave,
Alike their birth and burial place,
Their cradle and their grave!
Still sternly o'er the castle's gate
Their house's Lion stands in state,

As in his proud departed hours;
And warriors frown in stone on high,
And feudal banners" flout the sky,'
Above his princely_towers.

Fitz-Greene Halleck. Alphonsine Tables. A series of astronomical tables intended to correct those contained in Ptolemy's "Almagest," composed by order of Alphonso of Castile in 1252.

Alsatia. See WHITEFRIARS. Alster, The. A basin or lake in the city of Hamburg, Germany, surrounded with fine buildings. It is a favorite pleasure-resort of the inhabitants.

Alte Markt. [Old Market.] A public square in Dresden, Ger

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Almeidan. The largest and hand-Altenburg. An ancient and noted

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castle near Bamberg, in Franconia, Germany. It is now in ruins.

Althorp. A noble manor near Weedon in England, the seat of Earl Spencer.

Alton Towers. A noble mansion, the seat of the Earl of Shrewsbury, in the parish of Alton, England.

Altötting. See SHRINE OF THE BLACK VIRGIN.

Altoviti, Bindo. A portrait of this youth, which has been wrongly taken to be that of the painter himself, by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520). It was formerly in the Casa Áltoviti, Rome, but is now in the gallery at Munich, Bavaria.

Amalienborg. A royal palace in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is the ordinary residence of the royal family.

Amazon, The. 1. A celebrated work of ancient sculpture in the Vatican, Rome. Also another in the Museum of the Capitol.

2. A celebrated relic of ancient sculpture in the Museum of Berlin, Prussia. It has been by some ascribed to Polycleites the Elder (452 ?-412? B. C.), the Greek statuary.

See

Amazons, Battle of the. BATTLE OF THE AMAZONS. Ambassadors, The. See Two AMBASSADORS.

Ambassadors' Club. See COVENTRY CLUB.

Ambras Armoury. [Ger. Ambraser Sammlung.] A famous collection of ancient armor, jewels, and curiosities, in the Belvedere, Vienna, Austria. It derives its name from the Castle of Ambras in the Tyrol, from which place it was brought to Vienna in the early part of this century. Ambrosian Library. [Ital. Bibliotéca Ambrosiana.] A noted library in Milan, Italy, containing some celebrated manuscripts. It was founded in 1602, and was named after St. Ambrose, the patron saint of the city. Ambush, The. A picture by George H. Boughton, a contemporary painter of landscapes and

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She was presented to the French government before she went to sea, and was finally captured from the French by the British.

2. A noted schooner-rigged yacht, celebrated for her speed and the excellence of her model. The victory of this yacht over R. Stephenson's iron yacht Titania in a race, August, 1851, demonstrated the superiority of the model upon which the America was built. She is now in the possession of Gen. Benjamin F. Butler.

Amiens Cathedral. See NOTRE DAME [d'Amiens].

Amphion, The. A British frigate destroyed by an explosion in the harbor of Plymouth, England, Sept. 22, 1796. Nearly all on board perished.

Amphitrite, The. A ship which was wrecked off Boulogne, France, in 1833, with a loss of over 100 passengers.

Amrita Saras. [Fount of Immortality.] A famous temple in Amritsar, India, one of the sacred places of the Hindus. The temple is situated on an island in the centre of a reservoir or tank about 150 paces square. It was constructed in 1581.

Amsterdam Vegetable Market. A picture by Gabriel Metzu (b.

1630), a Dutch genre-painter. In the Louvre, Paris. Ananias, Death of. See DEATH OF ANANIAS.

Anatomical Lecture. A celebrated picture by Rembrandt van Ryn (1607-1669), the Dutch painter. It bears date 1632, and is now in the Museum of the Hague, Holland.

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in Faneuil Hall, Boston. An Artillery Company was incorporated in England under Henry VIII.

And the old books in uniforms as varied as those of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company used to be, if my memory serves me right. Holmes. Ancient Italy. A picture by Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1857), the eminent English painter.

Andersonville Prison. A noted military prison in Sumter Co., Georgia, in which, during the civil war in the United States, many Union soldiers were confined, and subjected to great cruelty.

Andes, Heart of the. See HEART OF THE ANDES.

Andrea del Sarto. A portrait of himself by the painter (14881530). In the collection of autograph portraits in the Uffizi, Florence, Italy.

Andromeda. A picture by Guido Reni (1575-1642), in the casino, or summer-house, of the Rospigliosi palace, in Rome.

Angel, The. An old and famous inn in the parish of Islington, London, rebuilt in 1819.

This name has been a common

designation of inns and public-houses in England, which were formerly known by the various devices upon their signs.

Angel appearing to the Shepherds. A picture by Thomas Cole (1801-1848). In the Boston Athenæum.

Angelo. See BRIDGE OF ST. ANGELO, MICHAEL ANGELO, MICHAEL ANGELO'S HOUSE, and ST. ANGELO.

Angels, Fall of the. See FALL OF THE ANGELS.

Angels' Heads. 1. A well-known picture, called by this name, by Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792). "The head of Miss Gordon, the niece of No-Popery' Lord Gordon, appears in five different positions, with cherubs' wings.' This picture is in the National |

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Gallery, London, and has been often reproduced.

2. Picture-groups bearing this name, by Correggio, and by others, are very familiar through photographic reproductions.

Angerstein Gallery. The collection of pictures which formed the nucleus of the present National Gallery, London. See NATIONAL GALLERY.

Animali, Sala degli. See SALA DEGLI ANIMALI.

Anna, St. See ST. ANNA. Anne Hathaway's Cottage. Α house in the village of Shottery, near Stratford-on-Avon, England, which is pointed out as the cottage in which Anne Hathaway lived prior to her becoming the wife of Shakespeare.

"It is a timber and plaster house, like John Shakespeare's, standing on a bank, with a roughly paved terrace in front. The parlor is wainscoted high in oak, and in the principal chamber is an enormous and heav fly carved bedstead. Though a rustic and even de habitation when meas. ured by our standard, it was evidently a comfortable nome for a substantial yeoman in the time of Queen Elizabeth, and is picturesque enough for the cradle of a poet's love."

Richard Grant White

Anne's, St. See ST. ANNE'S. Annitshkoff Palace. A noted palace in St. Petersburg, Russia, a favorite residence of the imperial family. It is situated on the Nevskoi Prospekt, the main avenue of the city.

Annunciation, The. [Ital. L'Annunciazione, Fr. L'Annonciation, Ger. Die Verkündigung.] A very common subject of representation by the medieval painters, exhibiting the interview between the angel and the Virgin Mary, according to the account in Luke i. 26-29. Of numerous compositions treating of this subject, the following may be mentioned as among the more celebrated. Annunciation, The. A picture regarded as miraculous, and formerly held in the highest veneration by all Christendom. It is

in a chapel of the church styled della Santissima Nunziata in Florence, Italy. It is concealed from the public, and only exhibited to the devout on great occasions. There is a copy of this picture in the Pitti Palace, by Carlo Dolce.

"The name of the painter is disputed; but, according to tradition, it is the work of a certain Bartolomeo, who, while he sat meditating upon the various excellencies and perfections of Our Lady, and most especially on her divine beauty, and thinking with humility how inadequate were his own pow ers to represent her worthily, fell asleep; and, on awaking, found the head of the Virgin had been wondrously completed, either by the hand of an angel, or by that of St. Luke, who had descended from heaven on purpose. Though this curious relic has been frequently restored, no one has presumed to touch the features of the Virgin, which are, I am told, for I have never been blessed with a sight of the original picture, - marvellously sweet and beautiful. It is concealed by a veil, on which is painted a fine head of the Redeemer, by Andrea del Sarto; and forty-two lamps of silver burn continually round it.' Mrs. Jameson.

Annunciation, The. A picture by Giovannid Fiesole, called Fra Angelico (1387-1455). In the Museum of St. Mark, Florence, Italy.

Annunciation, The. A picture by Hans Memling (d. 1495), the Flemish painter, bearing date 1482, and described as a work of very original conception and marvellous delicacy. It is in possession of Prince Radzivil at Berlin, Germany.

Annunciation, The. A remarkable picture by Baccio della Porta, called Fra Bartolommeo (14691517), representing the Virgin on a throne, the angel descending with a lily, and around the throne various saints. In the gallery at Bologna, Italy.

Annunciation, The. A picture by Francesco Francia (1450-1517). In the Brera, Milan, Italy.

Annunciation, The. A small picture by Fra Bartolommeo (1469-1517), the Italian painter. Now in the Louvre, Paris.

Annunciation, The. A picture by Francesco Albani (1578–1660). I

In the church of S. Bartolomeo,
Bologna, Italy.

Anthony's Nose. A well-known promontory on the Hudson River, at the entrance to the Highlands, Isaid to have been so called from Anthony Van Corlear, a trumpeter of Gov. Stuyvesant.

"It must be known, then, that the nose of Anthony, the trumpeter, was of a very lusty size. . Now thus it happened, that, bright and early in the morning, the good Anthony, having washed his burly visage, was leaning over the quarter-railing of the galley, contemplating it in the glassy wave below. Just at this moment the illustrious sun, breaking in all his splendor from behind a high bluff of the Highlands, did dart one of his most potent beams full upon the refulgent nose of the sounder of brass, the reflection of which shot straightway down hissing hot into the water, and killed a mighty sturgeon that was disporting near the vessel. The huge monster, being with infinite labor hoisted on board, furnished a luxurious repast to the crew. . . . When this astonishing miracle became known to Peter Stuyvesant, and that he tasted of the unknown fish, he, as may be supposed, marvelled exceedingly, and as a monument thereof he gave the name of Anthony's Nose to a stout promontory in the neighborhood, and it has continued to be called Anthony's Nose ever since that time." Irving.

There is also an Anthony's Nose on the shore of Lake George, and another on the Mohawk in Montgomery Co., N.Y.

Antinous, The. A name given to several statues supposed to represent a young Bithynian of distinguished beauty, and a friend of the Emperor Hadrian. According to some historians he drowned himself in the Nile. Hadrian wept for him, and caused the most famous artists to reproduce his image. Among the statues which represent him, there are two chefs d'œuvre. One (Belvedere Antinous) is now in the Belvidere of the Vatican, Rome, the other in the Capitol. (See infra, 2.) The former, which is now called Mercury, was found near S. Martino ai Monti, a church on the Esquiline, and is a statue of great beauty. Its just

proportions and graceful posture have received unqualified praise.

"The Belvedere Antinous is an exquisite image of blooming youth. For soft and delicate beauty,- beauty which, like that of the vernal rose, the sunset cloud, and the breaking wave, is suggestive of brief continuance and early decay,-this statue has no superior, hardly an equal." Hillard.

"Poussin declared the Mercury, which at that time was called without reason the Antinous, the most perfect model of the proportions of the human body." Ampère, Trans.

"The Belvedere Mercury,' a young man standing like the Meleager, but still more beautiful. The torso is more vigorous, and the head more refined. A smiling expression flickers lightly over the countenance, the grace and modesty of a well-born youth capable of expressing himself properly, because he is of an intelligent and select race, but who hesitates to speak because his soul is still fresh. Setting aside the Venus of Milo and the statues of the Parthenon, I know of nothing comparable to it."

Taine, Trans.

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3. A famous bas-relief of Antinous, from the Villa Adriana, now in the Villa Albani at Rome, representing the youth crowned with lotus. Winckelmann pronounces it, after the Apollo and the Laocoon, the most beautiful monument of antiquity which time has transmitted to us, "as fresh and as highly finished as if it had just left the studio of the sculptor."

"The bas-relief of the Villa Albani, restored to suit the conception of a Vertumnus, has even more of florid beauty, but whether the restoration was wisely made may be doubted." J. A. Symonds.

4. A bust in the Louvre, Paris.

"Among the simple busts, by far the finest, to my thinking, are the colossal head of the Louvre and the ivy-crowned bronze at Naples. The latter is not only flawless in its execu tion, but is animated with a pensive beauty of expression. The former, though praised by Winckelmann as among the two or three most precious masterpieces of antique art, must be criticised for a certain vacancy and lifelessness." J. A. Symonds.

5. A bronze bust in the Muat Naples, Italy. (See

seum

supra, 4.)

6. Among other statues of Antinous, is that called the Braschi Antinous, from having belonged to Duke Braschi. This colossal statue, found on the site of the ancient Gabii, is now in the Rotunda of the Vatican, Rome. Antiope. See JUPITER AND ANTI

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Antiparos, Grotto of. See GROT

TO OF ANTIPAROS. Antoine, Faubourg St. See FAUBOURG ST. ANTOINE. Antonia, Fortress of. The site of this structure at Jerusalem has been a subject for controversy, but it is thought to have occupied the whole northern section of the Haram. Josephus describes it as being the fortress of the Temple, as the Temple was that of the city, and as having the apartments and conveniences of a palace. He says that the "general appearance was that of a

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