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Gymnasium of Ptolemy, or Stoa | of Attalus. A marble building | in ancient Athens. Pausanias says, that in the Gymnasium, "which is not far from the Agora, and is called Ptolemæum from him who built it, are Hermæ of

stone worth inspection." HERMÆ.

See

Gyzen George. A remarkable portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger (1498?-1543), pronounced by Ruskin "inexhaustible." Now

in Berlin, Prussia.

H.

Habsburg Castle. [Habichtsburg, Hawk's Castle.] An ancient ruined castle of which little now remains, the old seat of the Imperial House of Austria, near Brugg, in Switzerland.

Hackney. A thickly populated district in London.

Hackney coaches were not so called, as sometimes stated, after this district.

Haddon Hall. An ancient mansion, the seat of the Duke of Rutland, near Ashbourne and Bakewell, in Derbyshire, England. The various portions are of different orders of architecture, pointed Gothic, Tudor, and Elizabethan. No part of the building is of later date than the sixteenth century. It is in good preservation, and is one of the curiosities of the Peak Country.

Not fond displays of cost, nor pampered train

Of idle menials, me so much delight, As these time-honored walls crowning the plain

With their gray battlements; within bedight

With ancient trophies of baronial might. Henry Alford. Hadrian's Gate, or Arch. See ARCH OF HADRIAN. Hadrian's Mausoleum (Mole, or Tomb). See ST. ANGELO.

The highest part [of a monument at St. Rémi is a circular colonnade, a miniature copy of that which we know to have once encircled Hadrian's Mole. Fergusson.

Hadrian's Villa. [Ital. Villa Adriana.] A famous and wonderful relic of imperial times on a plain at the foot of the hill of Tivoli, in the neighborhood of Rome. The emperor Hadrian having resolved to reproduce all the most striking objects which he had seen in his extensive travels, chose for the purpose a spot singularly favorable by its natural advantages; and in a short

time, with the immense resources at his command, he covered the ground with a vast number of costly and extensive structures. He is said to have enclosed in this way a space eight or ten miles in circuit. At the present day the ruins present the appearance of a confused mass of buildWithin ings going to decay. seventy years after the death of Hadrian, many of the precious marbles used in the construction of these buildings were carried by Caracalla to Rome to decorate the Baths which he had then begun.

"It rather resembled a city in itself than a single mansion. . These proud imperial ruins are now lost among thick olive-groves; their floors, instead of being paved with pictured mosaics, are overgrown with grass; their once magnificent halls are filled with thickets of aged ilex; yet enough still remains to attest their former extent and splendor." Eaton.

"Before quitting the Villa Adriana, I filled my pockets with bits of porphyry, alabaster, verd antique, and pieces of stucco and mosaic, all which I afterwards threw away. Many trav ellers who have gone before me have written their names on the marbles of the Villa Adriana. They have hoped to prolong their existence by attaching a memorial of their fleeting presence to celebrated spots; but they have been deceived. While I was attempting to decipher a name newly written in pencil, a bird started from a tuft of ivy, and a few drops of the recent shower were shaken from its leaves, and, falling upon the name, blotted it out forever. Châteaubriand, Trans. Hadrian's Wall. This wall extended from Bowness (Tunnocelum) on the Solway Firth, a distance of nearly 70 miles, to Wallsend (Segedunum) on the Tyne. There were 23 towns on its line; and between these towns, at intervals of a Roman mile, were fortresses, or "mile-castles." The common opinion

tends to the belief that Hadri- | Half-Moon, The. The ship in an built (A. D. 121) an earthen rampart, and that Severus, to strengthen it, constructed a stone wall (A.D. 208). [Also called the Picts' Wall.]

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"The famous Guercino is at Milan, however, the Hagar' which Byron talks of so enthusiastically. The picture catches your eye on your first en trance. There is that harmony and effect in the color that mark a masterpiece even in a passing glance. It is a piece of powerful and passionate poetry. The eyes get warm and the heart beats quick; and, as you walk away, you feel as if a load of oppres sive sympathy was lifting from your heart.' N. P. Willis.

Hagar, Expulsion of. See EXPULSION OF HAGAR.

Hagley Park. A noble mansion, the seat of Lord Lyttelton, in Worcestershire, England. It is especially memorable as having been the favorite resort of the English poets, Thomson, Shenstone, and Pope.

Courting the Muse, through Hagley Park you stray:

Thy British Tempe! there along the dale, With woods o'erhung, and shagged with mossy rocks

Whence on each hand the gushing waters play,

And down the rough cascade white-dash

ing fall,

You silent steal.

James Thomson.

Hákem. See MOSQUE OF SULTAN

EL HÁKEM.

which Henry Hudson sailed for America in the service of the Dutch East India Company, in 1609. In this ship he began to explore the coast of New England for an open channel to the South Sea, and ascended the river afterwards called by his name.

"In the ever-memorable year of our Lord, 1609, on a Saturday morning, the five-and-twentieth day of March, old style, did that worthy and irrecoverable discoverer (as he has justly been called), Master Henry Hudson,' set sail from Holland in a stout vessel called the Half-Moon, being employed by the Dutch East India Company, to seek a north-west passage to China." Irving.

While drinking in the scene,
My mind goes back upon the tide of years,
And lo, a vision! On its upward path
The Half-Moon glides.
A. B. Street.

Others held that it was Hendrick Hud-
son and the shadowy crew of the Half-
Moon sailing to their weird revels in the
Catskills.
Washington Irving.

Half-Moon Tavern. See SHAKESPEARE'S HOUSE.

Halidon Hill. An eminence near Berwick, in Scotland, memorable for a sanguinary battle between the English and Scotch forces in 1333, when the former, under Edward III., defeated the Scotch army under the regent Archibald Douglas. Sir Walter Scott published in 1822 a dramatic tale called "Halidon Hill."

Aye, but King Edward sent a haughty

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crush any pillar-oppress the imagina. tion with their size. A hundred men could stand on one of them without crowding. Never have greater masses of stone been laid than these.. The hall itself is 422 feet long by 165 feet broad. The stones of the ceiling rest upon architraves supported by 134 columns which are still standing, and of which the largest measures 10 feet in diameter, and more than 72 feet in height. Sesostris and his two prede. cessors constructed the hall of columns,

and the date of its construction was about the fourteenth and thirteenth centuries before Christ."

Lefevre, Trans. Donald.

Hall of Fame, The Bavarian. [Ger. Die baierische Ruhmeshalle.] A famous structure in the immediate neighborhood of Munich, the capital of Bavaria, consisting of "a Doric portico forming three sides of a quadrangle, in the centre of whose open side rises the colossal statue of Bavaria," q.v. The building contains the statues of distinguished Bavarians. Hall of the Biga. See SALA DELLA BIGA.

Hall of the Emperors. A hall in the Museum of the Capitol, Rome, so called because around the room is arranged a very valuable collection of 83 busts of Roman emperors, their wives and relations. Hall of the Greek Cross. See SALA A CROCE GRECA.

Hall of the Vase. An apartment in the Museum of the Capitol, Rome, so called from a fine vase of white marble in the middle of the room.

Hall of Xerxes. See XERXES. Halles, Les. A building of the fourteenth century in the marketplace of Bruges, Belgium, with a lofty belfry-tower containing the finest chimes in Europe, which are played four times an hour by machinery.

In the market-place of Bruges stands the belfry old and brown, Thrice consumed and thrice rebuilded, still it watches o'er the town.

Longfellow.

Halloren, The. A name applied to a cluster of families, some fifty in number, in Halle, Germany,

who herd together, and gain a poor subsistence in the saltmines by teaching swimming and by catching larks. They are curious as being probably the last remnant of the ancient Wendish people, who have retained their peculiar dress and customs from the time of Charlemagne to the present.

Ham Citadel. A celebrated political prison in the little town of Ham, France. It was built in 1470. The central tower is 100 feet high, and the walls are 36 feet thick. Many noted prisoners have been confined here, among others Louis Napoleon, who, after his failure at Boulogne in 1840, remained here for six years until he succeeded in making his escape.

Even now, when the other accusations against her [Marie Antoinette] have sunk down to oblivion and the Father of Lies, this of wanting etiquette survives her. In the Castle of Ham, at this hour [1831]. M de Polignac and Company may be wringing their hands, not without an oblique glance at her for bringing them thither Carlyle.

Ham House. The seat of the Earl of Dysart. A residence of the time of James I. at Twickenham near London, where the " Cabal" ministers of Charles II. used to meet.

The more than Italian luxury of Ham, with its busts, fountains, and aviaries, were among the many signs which indicated what was the shortest road to boundless wealth. Macaulay.

Hambye. A beautiful ruined mon-
astery near Coutances, France.
It was founded in 1145.
Hamilton, Fort. See FORT HAM-

ILTON.

Hamilton Palace. An old feudal

mansion of much historic interest, the seat of the Duke of Hamilton, in the town of the same name in Scotland. The old palace was rebuilt in the seventeenth century, and has received large additions in the present century. It contains one of the most valuable private collections of paintings and other works of art in Great Britain.

Hamlet and Ophelia. A picture by Benjamin West (1738-1820). In the collection of Mr. Longworth, at Cincinnati, O. Hampton Court Palace. The renowned palace built in the parish of Hampton, near London, by Cardinal Wolsey, and by him resigned to his sovereign, Henry VIII. Two of the original quadrangles still remain. The later buildings erected by Sir Christopher Wren for William III. contain the famous state-rooms, portrait-galleries, and cartoons of Raphael.

"Hampton Court is a large gar den in the French style, laid out in the time of William III. Our style was then the reigning one in Europe."

Taine, Trans.

It was idle to expect that old sailors, familiar with the hurricanes of the tropics and with the icebergs of the Arctic Circle, would pay prompt and respectful obedience to a chief who knew no more of winds and waves than could be learned in a gilded barge between Whitehall Stairs and Hampton Court. Macaulay.

For ever curs'd be this detested day, Which snatch'd my best, my favourite curl away;

Happy! ah ten times happy had I been, If Hampton Court these eyes had never seen! Pope. Hancock House. A famous old mansion which stood until within a few years in Boston, Mass. It was erected in 1737, and was the residence of Governor John Hancock (1737-1793). The governors of Massachusetts with the council were for a long period of years in the habit of dining in this mansion annually on Election Day. It was taken down in 1863. Haram, The. [Arab. el Haram esh-Sherif.] A pile of walls and buildings occupying the site of the ancient Temple on Mount Moriah in Jerusalem, and extending beyond the ancient limits. In extent it is almost equal to a quarter part of the city. It contains the celebrated mosques elAksa, and Kubbet es-Sukhrah. The interior of the enclosure, with its green grass, its olivetrees and cypresses, and marble fountains, is beautiful. The Ha

ram is of an oblong shape, measuring on its eastern side 1,580 feet, and on its southern 920 feet. Harcourt House. The city residence of the Duke of Portland, London. It was originally called Bingley House, from its builder, Lord Bingley.

Hardwick Hall. An Elizabethan mansion, a seat of the Duke of Devonshire, near Glapwell, England.

Harleian Library. A collection of manuscripts made by Mr. Harley, subsequently the Earl of Oxford (d. 1724). The collection was purchased by the Government, and is now in the British Museum. The most important documents in this collection have appeared in the publication known as the Harleian Miscellany, the first edition of which came out in 1744.

Harlot's Progress. A series of famous dramatic and satirical pictures by William Hogarth (1697-1764).

...

"It would be suppressing the merits of his heart to consider him only a promoter of laughter. Mirth colored his pictures, but benevolence designed them. He smiled like Socrates, that men might not be offended at his lectures, and might learn to langh at their own follies." Lord Orford.

Harpers' Tomb, The. This tomb of Rameses III. at Thebes, Egypt, is commonly known as The Harpers' Tomb, from a picture in one of the chambers, or as Bruce's Tomb, from its discoverer. It contains some interesting sculptures.

"One of the most celebrated is the Harpers' Tomb, first mentioned by Bruce, and therefore often called by his name. This is the work of two of the Rameses; and a vast work it is,extending 405 feet into the bill." Miss Martineau.

Harrow. A famous grammarschool in the town of the same name, in the county of Middlesex, England. The school was founded by John Lyon in 1571.

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