1849 by Pius IX. Its meetings | Linden, Unter den. See UNTER are held on Sunday in the Palace of the Senator at Rome. Its name is taken from its symbol, the lynx, the emblem of watchfulness. Lincluden Abbey. An ancient and picturesque ruined monastery near Dumfries, Scotland. Ye holy walls, that, still sublime, As through your ruins, hoar and gray — Burns. Lincoln College. One of the colleges included in the University of Oxford, England. It was founded about 1427. Lincoln Park. 1. A public pleasure-ground in Chicago, Ill., laid out on the lake-shore. It includes 250 acres. 2. A public pleasure-ground in Cincinnati, O. Lincoln's Inn. One of the four Inns of Court, London, built upon the site of the town-house of Henry de Lacy, earl of Lincoln (d. 1312), from whom its name is derived. See INNS OF COURT, INNER TEMPLE, MIDDLE TEMPLE, GRAY'S INN. Will any man, for instance, tell us which bricks it was in Lincoln's Inn Buildings, that Ben Jonson's hand and trowel laid? No man, it is to be feared, and also grumbled at. Carlyle. Lincoln's Inn Fields. A fine square in London, laid out by Inigo Jones, and built in 1619-36. Lincoln's Inn Fields were long the resort of vagrants. Gay in his "Trivia" says: Where Lincoln Inn's wide space is rail'd around, DEN LINDEN. Lindenwald. The country-seat of Martin Van Buren (1782-1862), the eighth president of the United States, situated near Kinderhook, N.Y. Lindsey House. A noble mansion on the west of Lincoln's Inn Fields in London, built by the Earl of Lindsey, the general of Charles I. Afterwards called Ancaster House. Linlithgow Palace. One of the most ancient royal residences in Scotland, situated in the town of Linlithgow. The present building was begun by Edward I., about the year 1300, and is memorable as having been the birthplace of Mary Queen of Scots. It is now a magnificent ruin. The situation is remarkably lovely. Of all the palaces so fair, Built for the royal dwelling. Scott. Lion House. A building in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory, used as a sort of seraglio of the Mormon leaders. It derives its name from the image of a lion over the entrance. Cross not with vent'rous step; there oft Lion Hunt. A noted picture by is found The lurking thief, who, while the daylight shone, Made the walls echo with his begging tone: That wretch, which late compassion moved, shall wound Thy bleeding head, and fell thee to the ground. Perhaps he remembered that one of them (the Pyramids] was as big as Lincoln's Inn Fields. Thackeray. Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), and one of his finest works. In the Pinakothek at Munich, Bavaria. Also at Dresden, Saxony. Lion [of Bastia], The. A natural curiosity at the entrance of the harbor of Bastia in Corsica. It is a rock bearing an extraordinary likeness to a lion couchant, the resemblance being striking in all details even to the bushy mane, which is formed by a growth of creeping plants. Lion of Lucerne. A celebrated work of sculpture at Lucerne, Switzerland, modelled by Albert Bertel Thorwaldsen (1770-1844). It was erected in 1821, in memory of 21 officers and about 760 soldiers of the Swiss guard, who were slain in defending the Tuileries on Aug. 10, 1792. The lion, which is of colossal size, is represented as dying, a broken spear transfixes his body, and with his paw he tries to protect the Bourbon lily. The figure is of sandstone rock, 28 feet long and 18 high, and upon it are inscribed the names of the officers. "In a sequestered spot the rocky hill-side is cut away, and in the living strata is sculptured the colossal figure of a dying lion. A spear is broken off in his side, but in his last struggle he still defends a shield marked with the fleur-de-lis of France. Below are inscribed in red letters, as if charactered in blood, the names of the brave offi cers of that devoted band." Beecher. Lion of St. Mark. A winged lion, the heraldic device of the ancient republic of Venice, whose patron saint is St. Mark. One of the noted columns in the Piazzetta at Venice is surmounted by the image of a winged lion. And every monument the stranger meets, greets: And even the Lion all subdued appears. Lone seated on the strand, Uplifts the lion grand Byron. His foot of bronze on high Against the sky. Alfred de Musset, Trans. Sullen old lion of grand St. Mark Lordeth and lifteth his front from the dark. Joaquin Miller. Lions. See COURT OF LIONS and GATE OF THE LIONS. Lion's Mouth. [Ital. Bocca di Leone.] A famous hole or opening in the wall, in the ante-chamber of the Great Council, in the Doge's Palace, Venice, through which anonymous accusations were passed in against individu als who had incurred suspicion or enmity. And in the palace of St. Mark Liparata, Santa. See SANTA MA- Lippi, Fra Filippo. A portrait of himself by the painter (1412-1469). In the Museum at Berlin, Prussia. Lismore Castle. A seat of the Duke of Devonshire in the county of Waterford, Ireland. Lit de Justice. See BED OF JUS TICE. Literary Club. See CLUB, THE. Literary Fund. A society established in London, in 1790, by David Williams, the object of which is to furnish aid to authors who may be in distress, and to render assistance to their widows and children. "Some of the brightest names in contemporary literature have been beholden to the bounty of this institution, and in numerous instances its in. terference has shielded friendless merit from utter ruin." Quarterly Review. The permanent fund of the Literary Fund on the 1st of January, 1880, consisted of £6,200 in consols. The actual number of grants paid by the society from its foundation up to 1880 was 3,796, amounting to £90,617. Little Bengal. A name applied to Cavendish and Portman Squares, and adjoining streets, in London, -a district inhabited by retired Indians. Little Britain. This quarter in London, so called from having been in old times the residence of the Dukes of Brittany, was, in the reigns of the Stuarts, remarkable as a great centre for booksellers - a sort of Paternoster Row. "Little Britain was a plentiful and perpetual emporium of learned authors, and men went thither as to a market.... But now this emporium has vanished, and the trade contracted into the hands of two or three persons." Roger North. "In the centre of the great City | Loch Inch Castle. The seat of of London lies a small neighborhood, the Earl of Stair, near Stranraer, consisting of a cluster of narrow streets Scotland. and courts, of very venerable and debilitated houses, which goes by name of Little Britain. Little Britain may truly be called the heart's core of the city, the stronghold of true John Bullism. It is a fragment of London as it was in its better days, with its antiquated folks and fashions." Irving. The race of booksellers in Little Britain is now [1731] almost extinct. Gentleman's Magazine. Little Messenger, The. An admired picture by Jean Louis Ernest Meissonier (b. 1811). Little Round Top. A rugged eminence in the vicinity of Gettysburg, Penn., famous as the scene of a desperate struggle between the Union forces and the Confederate troops on the 2d of July, 1863, which led to the greater battle of Cemetery Hill on the next day. Little Trianon. See PETIT TRI ANON. Lizard Point. A famous headland, the southernmost promontory of England, the Ocrinum of Ptoleancient my, the geographer. There are two large light-houses here. May never saw dismember thee, Tennyson. Lloyd's. The name given to a series of rooms in the Royal Exchange, London, the rendezvous of the most eminent merchants, shipowners (and those who seek shipping news), underwriters, insurance, stock and exchange brokers, etc. The name originated with one Lloyd, a coffee-house keeper in Lombard Street, at whose house merchants were in the habit of congregating in the early part of the eighteenth century for the transaction of the business. The subscribers to Lloyd's represent the greater part of the mercantile wealth of England. A simila institution was established at rieste, Austria, in 1833, and is known as the Austrian-Lloyds. Lochleven Castle. An ancient castle on an island in the lake of Lochleven, Scotland, memorable as the scene of the imprisonment of Mary Queen of Scots. Her escape from this fortress is related in Sir Walter Scott's novel entitled "The Abbot." Put off, put off, and row with speed, And lodge in their caverns dark and deep; Locum Abbey. A fine monastic ruin near Wunstorf in Prussia. The abbey dates from the thirteenth century. Lodi, Bridge of. See BRidge of LODI. Lodore. A noted waterfall in the lake district of England, near Keswick. The effect of the cascade is dependent in a good measure upon the state of the weather, and the quantity of water. How does the water All at once and all o'er, with a mighty up roar; Logan Stone. And this way the water comes down at Lodore. Southey. A famous rocking-stone near the Gap of Dunloe in the county of Kerry, Ireland. It is thought to be a Druidical remain of remote antiquity. The poet Moore likens it to the poet's heart, which "The slightest touch alone sets moving. But all earth's power could not shake from its base." Loggia de' Lanzi. A well-known arcade in Florence, Italy, built in the fourteenth century, and containing famous works of sculpture. The name is derived from the Swiss lancers in the employ of Cosimo de' Medici (1389-1464). No! the people sought no wings From Perseus in the Loggia, nor implored An inspiration in the place beside, From that dim bust of Brutus, jagged and grand, Where Buonarott! passionately tried Out of the clenched marble to demand The head of Rome's sublimest homicide. Mrs. Browning. Loggie of Raphael. A celebrated portico (the Loggie form a series of three corridors, or a triple portico, round three sides of an open court) in the Vatican Palace at Rome, deriving its name from the frescos of that master and his pupils which it contains. "From the Sistine Chapel we went to Raphael's Loggie, and I hardly venture to say that we could scarcely bear to look at them. The eye was so educated and so enlarged by those grand forms and the glorious completeness of all their parts, that it could take no pleasure in the imaginative play of arabesques, and the scenes from Scripture, beautiful as they are, had lost their charm. To see these works often alternately, and to compare them at leisure and without prejudice, must be a great pleasure; but all sympathy is at first one-sided." Goethe, Trans. Lollards' Prison. A celebrated prison-room in the tower of Lambeth Palace, London, in which many followers of Wickliffe (known as Lollards), as well as others, were confined. The apartment is some 12 feet square and 8 feet high. The walls, ceiling, and floor are laid with roughhewn boards upon which are numerous fragments of inscriptions, and notches to mark the passage of time, cut by those imprisoned here. "In order to get to the tower, we had to go through a great many apartments, passages, and corridors, and terminate all by climbing a winding staircase, steeper and narrower than was at all desirable for any but wicked heretics. The room is 13 feet by 12, and about 8 feet high, wainscoted with oak, which is scrawled over with names and inscriptions. There are eight large iron rings in the wall, to which the prisoners were chained; for aught we know, Wickliffe himself may have been one. . . . We all agreed, however, that, considering the very beautiful prospect this tower commands up and down the Thames, the poor Lollards in some respects might have been worse lodged." Mrs. H. B. Stowe. Lollards' Tower. A famous tower A celebrated street in London, the centre of the banking world." It derives its name from the Longobards, a family of whom, in early times, settled here, and established a bank. The poet Pope was born in this street. "Lombard Street and Threadneedle Street are merely places where men toil and accumulate. They go elsewhere to enjoy and to expend." Macaulay. London Bridge. The last bridge on the Thames, or the one nearest the sea, built of granite, and first opened to the public by William IV., Aug. 1, 1831. It was built at an outlay of £2,566,268, from designs of John Rennie and his sons John and George. In Saxon times there was a bridge at this spot, and in 1176 the first stone bridge was built here. The old London Bridge had houses upon each side. At one time it was noted for its booksellers' shops, and at a later period was famous for its many pin-makers. Pennant says that the street on Old London Bridge was "narrow, darksome, and dangerous to passengers from the multitude of carriages: frequent arches of strong timbers crossing the street from the tops of the houses, to keep them together and from falling into the river. Nothing but use could preserve the repose of the inmates, who soon grew deaf to the noise of falling waters, the clamors of watermen, or the frequent shrieks of drowning wretches." London Bridge, in the time of Shakespeare and for years afterwards, was built of wood and lined with houses on either side. In the second part of King Henry VI., Cade says, "Come, then, let's go fight with them. But, first, go and set London-bridge on fire; and, if you can, burn down the Tower too.' "It has been ascertained that the number of carriages of all descriptions, and equestrians, who daily pass along London Bridge in the course of 24 hours, exceeds 20,000; and that the number of pedestrians who pass across the bridge daily during the same space of time is no fewer than 107,000." Murray's Handbook. "Such who only see it [the old bridge] beneath, where it is a bridge, cannot suspect that it should be a street; and such who behold it above, where it is a street, cannot believe it is a bridge." Fuller. Stopp'd by the houses of that wondrous street, Which rides o'er the broad river like a fleet. London bridge is broken down, Dance o'er my lady Lee; Cowley. London bridge is broken down, With a gay lady. Mother Goose. As I was going o'er London Bridge, And peeped through a nick, I saw four and twenty ladies Kiding on a stick! Mother Goose. 2. A noted old building in Philadelphia, Penn., on Market Street, erected in 1702, and a place of much resort before the Revolution. London Docks. An immense establishment, in London, on the left bank of the Thames, covering an area of 90 acres, and including 20 warehouses, 18 sheds, 17 vaults, and six quays. The first dock was opened in 1805. The Western and Eastern Docks embrace respectively 20 and 7 acres; and the Wapping Basin, 3 acres. The cost of the whole structure has exceeded £4,000,000, and the number of laborers employed to carry on the business of the docks varies from 1,000 to 3,000. "As you enter the dock, the sight of the forest of masts in the dis. tance and the tall chimneys vomiting clouds of black smoke, and the manycolored flags flying in the air, has a most peculiar effect; while the sheds, with the monster wheels arching London Stone. An ancient relic, supposed to be a fragment of the milliarium, or mile-stone of the Romaus, now preserved in Cannon Street, London. There is evidence that it was placed there a thousand years ago; and Camden considers it to have been the great central mile-stone, from which the British high roads radiated, similar to that in the Forum at Rome. Tradition declares that the stone was brought from Troy by Brutus, and laid by his own hand as the foundation-stone of London, and its palladium. It is referred to in the ancient Saxon charters as a local mark of immemorial antiquity. The stone before the Great Fire [1666] was much worn away: it was then cased over with new stone, admitting the ancient stone to be seen through a large aperture at the top. It is now placed against the south wall of St. Swithin's Church. It has been from the earliest ages jealously guarded and embedded, perhaps from a superstitious belief in the identity of the fate of London with its palladium. Jack Cade struck London Stone, exclaiming, "Now is Mortimer lord of this city." "On the south side of this high street, neere unto the channell, is pitched upright a great stone, called London Stone, fixed in the ground very deep, fastened with bars of iron, and otherwise so stronglie set that if cartes do runne against it through negligence, the wheeles be broken and the stone itselfe unshaken. The cause why this stone was there set, the verie time |
