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W.

Wabash, The. The flag-ship of Admiral Dupont, in the attack upon the Sea Islands of South Carolina in 1861.

Wabash Avenue. A noted street in Chicago, Ill. It is lined with stately edifices, and adorned with trees.

Wachusetts, The. A noted vessel

of the United States navy in the War of the Rebellion. She captured the celebrated Confederate privateer, the Florida, in the Brazilian port of Bahia, or San Salvador. This capture was in violation of neutrality, and produced considerable excitement. The prize was soon after brought into Hampton Roads.

Wadsworth Athenæum. A building in Hartford, Conn., containtaining a library and gallery of sculpture and paintings. Wafers, The Miraculous. MIRACULOUS WAFERS.

See

Wagner, Fort. See FORT WAG

NER.

Wailing-place of the Jews. See PLACE OF WAILING.

Wakefield Tower. See REGALIA, THE.

Waldburg.

An ancient castle near Ravensburg, Germany, famous for its magnificent views. Walden Pond. A beautiful sheet of water near Concord, Mass., now a favorite pleasure-resort, and celebrated for its associations with H. D. Thoreau (18171862), the scholar and naturalist, who, in 1845, built on the shore of this pond a small house in which he lived two years as a hermit in studious retirement, afterwards publishing an account of this portion of his life, under the title of "Walden."

Wall, London. See LONDON WALL. Wall of Antoninus. A wall, or rampart, erected during the Roman occupation of Britain, with the design of preventing the incursion of the northern tribes into the lowlands. It extended from the Forth to the Clyde, a distance of 27 miles, and was guarded by 10 forts. There is a stone in Glasgow College which preserves the name of the builder, Lollius Urbicus. [Often known as Graham's Dyke.]

"The wall of Antoninus, or Graham's or Grime's Dyke, crossed from the Forth to the Clyde, on the line on which previously Agricola had erected a series of forts. It consisted of a new line of forts connected together by an immense continuous rampart of earth and turf, raised by the Proprætor Lollius Urbicus in the reign of Antoninus, and named after that emperor. Inscribed stones have been from time to time found along its course, expressive of the work done by different troops and cohorts of the Roman army." L. Jewitt.

If we carefully trace the distance from the Wall of Antoninus to Rome, and from thence to Jerusalem, it will be found that the great chain of communication from the north-west to the south-east point of the empire was drawn out to the length of four thousand and eighty Roman miles.

Gibbon.

Wall of China. See GREAT WALL OF CHINA.

Wall Street. This street in New York City, running east from Broadway, opposite Trinity Church, is the centre for bankers and brokers in New York, and is in fact the centre of the financial interests of the whole country. The Stock Exchange in Wall Street presents an exciting scene during business hours.

Free institutions, general education, and the ascendancy of dollars, are the words written on every paving-stone along Fifth Avenue, down Broadway, and up Wall Street. Anthony Trollope.

Thus a king or a general does not need a fine coat, and a commanding person may save himself all solicitude on that point. There are always slovens in State Street or Wall Street, who are not less considered. If a man have manners and talent, he may dress roughly and carelessly. Emerson.

Just where the Treasury's marble front
Looks over Wall Street's mingled na-
tions;

Where Jews and Gentiles most are wont
To throng for trade and last quotations;
Where, hour by hour, the rates of gold
Outrival, in the ears of people,
The quarter-chimes, serenely tolled
From Trinity's undaunted steeple.
E. C. Stedman.

Wallace Tower. A monument 133 feet high in the town of Ayr, Scotland, erected in 1832 upon the site of an ancient tower in which, according to tradition, Sir William Wallace (1270-1305), the celebrated Scotch hero and patriot, was imprisoned, and from which, by the aid of his friends, he contrived to escape. Wallack's. A theatre in the city of New York, devoted chiefly to the legitimate comedy. Wallenstein. A picture erroneously supposed to be the portrait of Wallenstein, by Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641). It is in the gallery of Prince Lichtenstein at Vienna, Austria.

Wallenstein Palace. A famous palace in Prague, Bohemia, built by the great general Albert, duke of Friedland (1583-1634). The building, which was one of surprising magnificence, has undergone extensive restorations. It is said that 100 houses were pulled down to make room for its erection, and that even the stables were profusely ornamented with marble.

Walmer Castle. A sea-side fortress near Deal, England, erected by Henry VIII. It was the official residence of the Duke of Wellington until his death in 1852. The castle is supposed to stand on the very spot where Julius Cæsar landed at the time of his invasion of Britain. Walsingham Priory. Walsingham is a little spot in Norfolk, England, much resorted to for

merly by pilgrims. It was the rival of Our Lady of Loretto and St. James of Compostella. The chapel was founded in 1061, and was a perfect copy of the Santa Casa, or home of the Virgin Mary, at Nazareth. The splendid priory built soon after was granted to the Order of St. Augustine, and in 1420 a fine church was built at the side of the shrine. Erasmus says of the church: "The church is splendid and beautiful," and of the shrine: "If you look in, you will say it is the seat of the Gods, so bright and shining as it is all over with jewels, gold, and silver." It was despoiled of its treasures by Henry VIII., and there remain now only a few ruins of the priory church. Wanderer, The. A ship engaged in the African slave-trade which came to this country in 1859, and on her voyage experienced an unexampled mortality as the consequence of her frightfully crowded condition.

It is

Wapping. A long street in London, extending from Lower East Smithfield on the north bank of the Thames to New Crane. noted for its nautical signs, its ship and boat builders, rope-makers, ship-chandlers, and sail-makers. Its name Wapping was probably derived from the ship's rope called a wapp. Pirates and sea-rovers were hung at Execution Dock in Wapping.

"Wapping is a neighborhood of which many persons know the name, but nothing more. Wapping, too, may be remembered as hav. ing afforded a principal link in the chain of evidence against the notorious impostor who claimed the Tichborne estate. Immediately on his arrival at London, he went to Wapping (which Roger Tichborne would never have done), and there he was recognized as a former resident of the place. Wapping is a narrow strip of old London, which lies below the Tower and be. tween London docks and the river. It is, as might be expected, wholly occu pied by mariners, or those who supply their wants. It is very damp and very dingy, and everybody in it seems to smell of oakum,"

Richard Grant White.

Your Molly has never been false, she declares,

Since last time we parted at Wapping Old Stairs,

When I swore that I still would continue the same,

And gave you the 'bacco box marked with my name. Wapping Old Stairs. [The Stairs" were steps by which people formerly descended to the river.]

But if this be a defect, what must be the entire perversion of scenical decorum, when, for instance, we see an actress that might act the Wapping landlady without a bolster, pining in the character of Jane Shore, and, while unwieldy with fat, endeavoring to convince the audience that she is dying with hunger? Goldsmith.

No longer a poor Jack Tar, frolicking in the low taverns of Wapping, he might roll through London in his coach, and perchance arrive, like Whittington, at the dignity of Lord Mayor. Irving.

The same insular limitation pinches his [the Englishman's] foreign politics. He sticks to his traditions and usages, and, so help him God! he will force his island by-laws down the throat of great countries, like India, China, Australia, and not only so, but impose Wapping on the Congress of Vienna, and trample down all nationalities with his taxed boots.

Emerson.

You might be as well impressed with Wapping as with your first step on Egyptian soil. Thackeray.

You forget that the town [Gibraltar] is at all like Wapping, and deliver yourself up entirely to romance. Thackeray.

The new spirit at once showed itself in Dickens, whose broad, bright, kindly, aggressive democracy, making the hero of his story a friendless workhouse boy instead of a knight at arms, and its scene a city lane or Wapping instead of a stately castle or a historic land, was the representative of the changed feeling and the new day. Harper's Magazine.

Wardour Castle. A ruined feudal fortress near Salisbury, in Wiltshire, England.

If rich designs of sumptuous art may please,

Or nature's loftier views august and old, Stranger! behold this spreading scene. W. L. Bowles. Ware, Great Bed of. See GREAT BED OF WARE.

Warren. See DEATH OF WARREN. Warren, Fort. See FORT WAR

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"The castle on the Wartburg is historically the most important edifice of its class in Germany, and its size and state of preservation render it remarkable in an artistic point of view. It was in one of its halls that the celebrated contest was held between the six most eminent poets of Germany in the year 1206, which, though it nearly ended fatally to one of them at least, shows how much importance was at tached to the profession of literature at even that early period. Here the sainted Elizabeth of Hungary lived with her cruel brother-in-law, here she practised those virtues and endured those misfortunes that render her name so dear and so familiar to all the races of Germany; and it was in this castle that Luther found shelter, and where he resided under the name of Ritter George.. . It resembles the older palaces at Venice more than any other buildings of the class It has been recently restored, apparently with considerable judgment; and it well deserves the pains bestowed upon it as one of the best illustrations of its style still existing in Europe." Fergusson.

Methinks I see him sitting, the heroic student, in his chamber in the Warteburg, with his midnight lamp before him, seen by the late traveller in the distant plain of Bischofsroda, as a star on the mountain! Coleridge.

Warwick Castle. The magnificent mansion of the Earl of Warwick, and one of the finest of the residences of the English nobility. Its architecture is greatly admired. Its two towers are called the most beautiful in the world. Its situation, on a rock washed by the Avon, is very picturesque, overlooking the river and surrounded by beautiful grounds. The ancient castle of which we first hear in the reign of Henry II. was destroyed in the reign of Henry III. The present castle was begun in the time of Edward

III. Additions and improvements have since been made at intervals. The most ancient part of the building, Cæsar's tower, is 147 feet high. Guy's tower, erected in 1394, is 128 feet high. A fire occurred at Warwick Castle in 1871, which did much damage.

"The principal features are the battlements, towers, and turrets of the old feudal castle, encompassed by grounds on which has been expended all that princely art of landscape-gardening for which England is famous,leafy thickets, magnificent trees, openings and vistas of verdure, and wide sweeps of grass, short, thick, and vividly green as the velvet moss we sometimes see growing on rocks in New England. The pains that are taken in sowing, tending, cutting, clipping, rolling, and otherwise nursing and coaxing the grass, being seconded by the misty breath and often-falling tears of the climate, produce results which must be seen to be appreciated."

Mrs. H. B. Stowe. Then Warwick Castle wide its gate displayed,

And peace and pleasure this their dwelling made. George Crabbe. I look with respect at houses six, seven, eight hundred, or, like Warwick Castle, nine hundred years old. Emerson. Warwick Vase. A celebrated and very beautiful antique vase, found at Tivoli, Italy, and capable of holding 168 gallons. It is preserved in the greenhouse con'nected with Warwick Castle, in England.

"On a pedestal, surrounded by all manner of flowering shrubs, stands this celebrated antique. . . . They say that it holds 136 gallons; constructed, I suppose, in the roistering old drinking times of the Roman emperors, when men seem to have discovered that the grand object for which they were sent into existence was to perform the func tions of wine-skins. It is beautifully sculptured with grape-leaves, and the skin and claws of the panther - these latter certainly not an inappropriate emblem of the god of wine, beautiful but dangerous." Mrs. H. B. Stowe. Washington. A well-known statue of the first President of the United States, executed by Jean Antoine Houdon (1741-1828), a French sculptor. It is now at the Capitol, Richmond, Va.

Methinks I see his venerable form now before me, as presented in the glorious

statue by Houdon, now in the capital of
Virginia. He is dignified and grave; but
his concern and anxiety seem to soften
the lineaments of his countenance.
Daniel Webster.

Washington. A portrait by Rem-
brandt Peale (1778-1860), con-
sidered the best ever taken of
Washington, and of which there
are many copies.
Washington. A statue by Hora-
tio Greenough (1805-1852). At the
Capitol, Washington.

"I regard Greenough's Wash-
ington as one of the greatest works of
sculpture of modern times."
Edward Everett.

Washington. A statue by Thom-
as Crawford (1814-1857), cast in
bronze at Munich.
Washington.

A fine equestrian
statue on Commonwealth Ave-
nue, Boston, by Thomas Ball (b.
1819).
Washington. See APOTHEOSIS OF
WASHINGTON and RESIGNATION
OF WASHINGTON.
Washington Avenue. A wide
and fine avenue in St. Louis, Mo.
It leads directly to the great
bridge over the Mississippi.
Washington crossing the Dela-
ware. A picture by Thomas
Sully (1783-1872), which is very
familiar in America. Now in
the Boston Museum.
Washington crossing the Dela-
ware. A well-known picture by
Emmanuel Leutze (1816-1868).

Washington Elm. A well-known tree in Cambridge, Mass., supposed to be nearly or quite 300 years old. Under this tree, July 3, 1775, Washington assumed command of the American forces.

"You know the Washington elm,' or, if you do not, you had better rekindle your patriotism by reading the inscription, which tells you that under its shadow the great leader first drew his sword at the head of an American army." Holmes.

Beneath our consecrated elm
A century ago he stood,

Famed vaguely for that old fight in the

wood,

Whose red surge sought, but could not overwhelm

The life foredoomed to wield our roughhewn helm. Lowell.

Washington, Fort. See FORT WASHINGTON. Washington Market. A noted market in New York, and the chief one in the city.

Washington Monument. A noted monumental structure in Washington, begun in 1848, and intended to be in the form of an obelisk 600 feet in height, and to contain the tomb of Washington. It is now in an unfinished state, being at present 174 feet high. In a building adjoining the monument is a collection of memorial stones sent by different countries and states for the decoration of the interior. It is uncertain whether this monument will ever be carried forward to completion, or whether the material used in its construction will be adapted to some other commemorative

use.

Washington Monument. Animposing memorial structure in Baltimore, Md. It consists of a marble shaft upwards of 176 feet in height, rising from a base 20 feet high, and crowned by a colossal statue of Washington. There is a stairway in the interior of the shaft leading to the summit, from which is a fine and extensive view of the city and its surroundings. The monument was erected between the years 1815 and 1829. Washington Street. The chief thoroughfare of Boston, Mass.

If I like Broadway better than Washington Street, what then? I own them both, as much as anybody owns either. Holmes.

Washington's Headquarters. An old colonial mansion in Cambridge, Mass., occupied by Washington as headquarters during the siege of Boston. It is now the residence of Henry W. Longfellow, the poet. Washington's

Headquarters. An old stone mansion in Newburgh, N.Y., containing a_museum of historical relics. It was occupied by Washington as his headquarters while the American

army was on the Hudson. The building is now owned by the State of New York.

Washington's Tomb. On the estate of Mount Vernon, Va. The remains rest within a marble sarcophagus nearthe mansion-house. They were removed in 1837 from the old tomb, which is rapidly going to decay, to their present situation.

Wasp, The. An American sloopof-war under the coinmand of Capt. Jacob Jones, in the war of 1812. She captured the British sloop Frolic, for which achievement the Legislature of Delaware, the Corporation of New York City, and Congress, voted thanks and gold medals. The victory caused great exultation throughout the country.

The foe bravely fought, but his arms were all broken,

And he fled from his death-wound, aghast and affrighted;

But the Wasp darted forward her deathgoing sting,

And full on his bosom, like lightning, alighted.

She pierced through his entrails, she maddened his brain,

And he writhed and he groaned as if torn with the colic;

And long shall rue the terrible day

He met the American Wasp on a Frolic.
Old Song.

Water Carrier of Seville. A not-
ed picture by Diego Rodriguez de
Silva y Velasquez (1599-1660), the
Spanish painter. Now in Apsley
House, London.
Water-Mill, The. A picture by
Rembrandt van Ryn (1606-1669),
the Dutch painter. In the collec-
tion of Lord Lansdowne, Eng-
land.

Waterloo, Battle of. See BATTLE OF WATERLOO.

Waterloo Bridge. A magnificent stone bridge spanning the Thames at London, first opened June 18, 1817, called by Dupin a "colossal inonument, worthy of Sesostris and the Cæsars," and by Canova the "noblest bridge in the world."

"Canova, when he was asked during his visit to England what struck

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