mon sense. an inmate of the star-chamber, or from the lips is notorious, that he was named as a bait to catch of a holy inquisitor, when speaking of the mercies Pennsylvania-but that state was not quite so great a of God, while he was tearing off the flesh of a vic-gudgeon as some folks supposed, and it was a bitter tim with red-hot pincers-but is abusive of com- pill for "the Virginia caucus" to swallow, when called And we must recollect that Mr. Noah, upon to ratify his nomination. Nothing but the necessity (whose frequent location close to the speaker and in of "going the whole" caused it to pass down. I front of the house of assembly, during the late session, do not speak thus to assail Mr. Gallatin—the readers shewed his importance in that body), the chief pub- of this paper know that I have recently defended him lic organ of what is termed "the regency," boldly against some imputations which I regarded as illibedeclared in his paper, the "National Advocate," when ral and unjust; but this may safely be said, that the speaking of the electoral law, that "he [yes, HE,] people of the U. States had no more thought of that would not give the PEOPLE all that they asked." So with gentleman for the vice presidency, though he obtained the senate. A lean majority of that body, and Mr. Noah the "regular nomination," than they had of Mr. and others, have virtually declared that they possess Crawford for the presidency in 1816, when he nearly some "divine right" or heavenly inspiration, by which obtained such a nomination; but while I shall excluthey can "preserve the people from themselves!" all sively oppose the caucus and its principles, sufferbeing "first consuls for life, with liberty to name their ing the character and capacity of the persons successors!" The most servile of Spaniards or de-named to be canvassed by others, I may ask, whether graded of Frenchmen, would not have claimed more the people are prepared to see in Mr. Gallatin the acting for Ferdinand, the adored, or Louis, the desired. I must dismiss this subject for the present, but much more may be said about it. president of the United States? for this is an event that, in case of his election to the vice presidency, ought to be calculated on by all; and I know that some of the caucus-men do calculate upon it. I have heard a great man say, that he would serve their purposes as well as Mr. Crawford. It is not my design to support either Messrs. Adams or Clay, or Jackson. The people have moved more or less in their behalf, without caucus or bargain and sale; and with whatever the people shall do, I promise to be satisfied, being always ready to yield up my personal opinion to that of the majority of my fellows and friends, in matters like this. But where and in what state have the people moved for the support of the "national nomination," as it is pompously called? No where, as I am informed of, except, perhaps, partially, in Virginia and Georgia, the birth-place and residence of the candidate. In the last named state, though his election may be so gratifying to state pride, we know that he is and will be powerfully op The great matter at issue before the people of the United States now is, whether a secret few or the public many, shall make, or elect, a president of the United States. I take my stand with the latter, through evil report and good report. It was my lot to give some little aid to break down one "junto" aiming at a monopoly of power, in the days of my youth, and it is my fortune, in advanced life, to feel myself in like manner compelled to contend against the same principle, exerted in another quarter, to effect the same purpose. For the first I was proscribed and persecuted as a "jacobin," and I do not expect to fare any better now, though what will be done unto me I cannot tell: perhaps be consigned to the gullotine, after the manner in which things were managed in France, when governed by a caucus. But I believe that I am with the people; and if so, they shall not want a press while I have one, that will dare to ex-posed, and the majority in his favor, if any there may press a doubt even of the infallible discretion and omnipotent right of some dozen or two persons at Richmond or Albany, to hold and dispose of the political power and direct the policy of these United States. Further remarks on "the party," with some political reminiscences, shall be made hereafter, for this article is already longer than I wished it to be. be, will be extremely small, as repeated evidences of public opinion has shewn us. And in Virginia, the event is greatly feared, that if the friends of the other candidates shall unite their strength, as it is said that they will and as every one adverse to management hopes that they may, the "nomination" will go by the board, even there, the head quarters of caucussing, I repeat it as my belief—indeed, it seems a fact al- for tens of thousands of the people are as much most palpable, and surely is capable of demonstra-opposed to the dictation-system as the citizens even tion, which I shall attempt, that some sort of a combi-of Baltimore are; by whom the "congressional renation has been formed between certain leading men commendation" is just about as much respected and, in this country, to carry their points against the wishes of the people, and elect a president and vice president, if they can, in spite of the public will. No other than such a body of men could have thought of Mr. latin for the second office in the government. It perhaps, less so, than were the proceedings of admiral Cockburn, when he conflagrated the peaceful dwellings and humble hen-roosts on the shores of the Chesapeake, each being regarded as the outrageous act of an enemy of the republic; and yet there were men in that caucus whom the people had loved, I Wm. Alexander,carl of Arthur St. Clair, Duportaile, of Engineers, William Thompson, Jersey Pennsylvania Massachusetts France do. North Carolina New York Prussia Maryland Connecticut Massachusetts France Virginia Massachusetts New York South Carolina North Carolina Jersey New Hampshire Massachusetts Connecticut Pennsylvania Virginia do. Pennsylvania Connecticut New Hampshire Maryland. Pennsylvania Promoted after that period. Daniel Morgan, Sumpter, Virginia South Carolina do. Massachusetts do. Maryland ANTIQUITIES. Four cannon have recently been taken from the spot in St. Mary's river on which the first fort in Maryland was built, viz. in 1633, by Leonard Calvert, brother of lord Baltimore. By the constant But I must conclude for the present. The next paper shall contain some further elucidations of the subjects spoken of, and perhaps, embrace some new matters. Now is the very time, I believe, to put down the secret system of governing, and, by an united cf-washing of the bank, the site on which the fort stood fort, the people will bring it about without a sensible struggle, so weak is it, when its power is brought be fore the bar of the public reason. now forms a part of the bed of the river and the of six or eight pounds weight have become so incorcannon were completely embedded in mud; stones porated with the iron that they can scarcely be knocked off with an axe. They are much corroded, but, even now, they are larger and heavier, for the size of the calibre, than any at present in use. It was in this fort that the first legislature of Maryland sat. We NEW YORK. From the Commercial Advertiser. question whether the city of New York ever presented the appearance of greater prosperity, or more rapid growth than it does this season. We are visited by the merchants of every clime, and almost every part of our own country-so that ours may be fairly denominated 'the mart of nations. The West Indies and South America pour in upon us their gold and the productions of their soil, and receive in return our own and the fabrics of foreign countries. *This remark, however, applies more particularly to the eastern parts of the United States; and the inference that should be drawn from the anecdote given below, exclusively belongs to the people of that sec-as 500 or 600 new mercantile establishments were tion. We understood early in the spring, that as many opened in New York this season; and we now learn Charles Lee, suspended for one year by sentence that more than 3,000 buildings have been commencof a court martial, forcharges exhibited against him ed and are nearly completed within the city limits. by general Washington, at the battle of Monmouth, Most of them are of brick and in a stile at once rich, in June 29, 1778, but his pride would not suffer him simple and substantial. Thirty-five years ago, a preto resume his command at the expiration of his sen-diction of what New York now is, would have been tence, notwithstanding, he was still retained on the list of general officers until his death, which happened in Philadelphia in 1782. His funeral was attended by the president of congress and members, French minister, and a vast number of the most respectable gentlemen of that city. deemed quixotic-equally so would the prediction now be esteemed, of what she is yet destined to be." [New York seems destined to be one of the greatest cities in the world, and it may be calculated that the whole island on which it stands will be covered wit houses, before a great many years. It is now the and at the same time to give facilities to manufacturing industry, it is in contemplation to extend the race down along the Schuylkill below the bridge as far as may be necessary, and to erect mills and millworks between the race and the river, for there would tions have already been made for the use of water power: there is no doubt that all will be taken, and the most beneficial consequences will result to the finances and trade of the city from the proposed plan. cond place of commerce in the world-the centre point as it were, of the trade of the west and of business with the east-the general stopping place, or seat of communication, betwen the old continent and the new, and between the north and the south. When the western parts of the United States shall have re-be ample space. A considerable number of applicaceived that density of population which it is morally certain they will, and at an early day, then will the great canal pour into the treasury of the state and the lap of this city, an amount of business, wealth and population, that it would look like madness to estimate now. ED. REG.] PHILADELPHIA. (From a paper published in that city). We learn that there are in Philadelphia and its vicinity, upwards of thirty cotton factories, most of them on an extensive scale. The average number of spindles used in these establishments is about 1400, and the number of persons actually employed is supposed to be about three thousand. There are fifteen breweries in Philadelphia which employ one hundred and seventy persons, and sell, at the present reduced rates, malt liquor amounting annually to $300,000 in value. The price of malt liquor has been reduced within the last year about one third. The amount of umbrellas annually manufactured, is about $400,000, and there are twenty-seven umbrella makers. It appears that the entire amount expended by the city, on successive operations for introducing the Schuylkill water is $1,443,585,36, of which sum, the present works at Fair Mount, cost $432,512. The whole extent of pipes now laid, of wood and iron, is about thirty-five miles. The cost of pipes to 1824 was $202,731,13. THE LATE MR. RODNEY. The editor designs, at an early period, to pay a tribute of respect to the memory of the late Casar A. Rodney, of Delaware, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the United States to the government of Buenos Ayres, and to publish some extracts from a letter not long since received from him, which it seems evident that he wished might be published in case of his decease-they relate to the part which he had taken to effect a great national improvement. Another letter to the editor, written a few days before his death, held out a pleasing hope of the re-establishment of his health-but he has gone "the way of all flesh," and hardly left behind him his equal for the goodness of his heart and the purity of his principles. Selfishness formed no part in the composition of his character-he was the enemy of no inan, nor ever had one, except on account of his political opinions, which were unadulterated and republican-ardent as those of his father, firm and disinterested as those of his uncle, whose name is affixed to the declaration of independence, who literally risked his life to attend on that occasion, and give the vote of the state in favor of the measure, on account of a severe indisposition under which he was at that time laboring. These things are mentioned just now by way of given to him, at which, perhaps, he pronounced the last public address that ever flowed from his lips. At the outset of the undertaking, a number of pipes were imported from England as models, and another importation has since been made to supply the de-introduction to the following account of a dinner ficiency created by the failure of an American contractor; but at present the pipes are made in this country, as well and at as low a price as in England. Of the above sum of $202,731,13 cents, only $16,940 31 cents have been expended on imported pipes. To defray the expenses of these operations, taxes are annually laid, and a certain annual sum is paid by the occupier of each house in which the water is introduced. The annual rent paid for the use of the water in 1823, for the city alone, was $26,191 5 an excess of near 2000 dollars over the interest upon the cost of the water-power works. When the water shall be introduced into the adjoining districts, which is expected to take place in a short time, the income of the corporation will be considerably augmented. [Since the preceding was prepared, I have met with a neat sketch of the life and character of my late friend, in the Delaware Watchman, and shall use it in lieu of what might have been written, with a few additions.] Proceedings of a dinner given to C.1. Rodacy, minister of the United States, on the 27th of May, by the gcvernment of Buenos Ayres. At 4 o'clock, P. M. the committee of arrangements met at the government-house to be in readiness to receive the guests. At half past 5, two aids were despatched to the house of Mr. Rodney, to wait upon him. Mr. R. was accompanied by J. M. Forbes, esq. secretary of legation, his private secretary, and Mr. Wm. In 1823, the Schuylkill water was introduced by Dana, vice consul of the United States. They were pipes into 3954 private dwellings, and 185 manufac-met on the first flight of stairs by four of the committories: 401 private baths were also supplied with it. tee, and conducted to the audience room. On enterThe lowest sum annually paid by a private dwelling, ing the first hall, the band struck up the national air was two dollars, and the highest, (by a public institu- of "Oid mortales el grito sagralo." At a quarter betion), $100. fore 6, the arrival of Mr. Woodbine Parish, his Britannic majesty's consul general, and his two vice consuls, was announced, also of Mr. Funes, agent of Colombia. The experience of two years has shown that the water power at Fair Mount is sufficient to raise many times as much water as the city can possibly require for its consumption, and consequently, that there is a surplus power applicable to other purposes. It is not easy to determine what amount of power might be spared, but it is believed to be sufficient for a very considerable number of manufactories. For the purpose of assisting the funds of the corporation, *These works are truly noble; next to the New York canals, they are the most magnificent and useful of any in the United States. The water, when deposited and preserved in cisterns, properly constructed, is as good as any water can be, and sufficiently cold for use even in the warmest weather. [ED. REG.] At 7, the company, composed of those mentiored, and of the most distinguished individuals of the country, viz: President and members of the junta--the principal military officers of the nation-heads of departments and of the clergy-civil magistratesprofessors of the university--the principal merchants, foreigners and natives, &c. in all 127 persons, sut down to the table. His excellency gov. Las Heras presided. The following were the principal toasts drank: By the president: The first nation of America-its venerable president, James Monroe, and his worthy representative, C. A. Rodney-honor and prosperity. Mr. Rodney rose and said→→→ "Silence, on such an occasion, might be deemed unpardonable. Under this impression, I obtrude, for a few moments, on your attention. This is my second visit to your delightful clime, at the request of that rare individual, (whose health has been drank with applause), who presides over the destinies of the United Stetes, with so much honor and reputation to himself, with such advantage to his country, and bencfit to the civilized world. On the first occasion I was received with open arms and every demonstration of joy; and, on my late arrival, when charged with the pleasing task of acknowledging your sovereignty, in the most solemn and respectful manner, I met with a cordial welcome, from the people and a friendly reception from the government, grateful to my feelings and honorable to my country. When I consider that this is the season of festivity for the anniversary of the declaration of your independence, to preserve which fervent prayers in the holy church have been addressed to that Supreme Being in whose hands rests the fate of states and empires-when I see around me patriots and soldiers who have maintained this solemn act in the cabinet and in the field-when I behold heroes who have scaled the Andes, and gained unfading laurels in the victories of Chaucabuco and Maypo-sensations are excited in my bosom which I cannot express. Connected, as my humble naine has been, with the commemoration of this great and glorious event, I am deeply sensible of the personal favor conferred. It is not, however, to me as an individual, but to the enlightened government and free people whom I represent, that this distinguished mark of honor is paid, for which I return my grateful acknowledgments. It cannot be in the dispensation of Divine Providence, that this fair portion of the globe should relapse into its former state of colonial vasalage and servitude. No-God and nature have decreed its freedom and independence "Nor tyranny with all her powers, Tho' battled in the holy league, shall dare, "The statue you have raised, from its high columns tear." Permit me to give-The states of Buenos Ayres. The guiding star of the south-the anchor of hope amidst the tempests of the revolution. Success to the pilot who has weathered the storm, under whose auspices may a re-union of the former provinces take place, and may it be perpetual." ble opinion or kind feelings of his friends and fellowcitizens than I do. But the public expression of these opinions and feelings towards me, which i understand is intended by the meeting over which you preside, would, at this moment, give me more pain than pleasure. Called by the government into public service, I have no other view than to discharge my duty with the same purity of intention, and honest zeal, which have hitherto given me the support of friends whom I am proud to claim, and that consciousness which has sustained me upon many trying occasions. But the (great wish of my heart is to avoid all appearance of ostentation or triumph, so foreign from my feelings, and to pass on to the performance of my professional duties without marking the event by any thing which may excite hostile feelings, under whieh I have already suffered sufficiently. I, therefore, most respectfully request that I may be permitted to decline any honor, which may be intended towards me of the nature alluded to. Very respectfully, I am, sir, your most obedient JAMES BARRON. servant, To the chairman of the meeting held at Hieskell's hotel. Whereupon, it was unanimously Resolved, That, while this meeting entertain the highest respect for the character of commodore Barron, and would cheerfully participate in tendering to him any public testimonial of regard, they highly approve of the delicacy and magnanimity displayed in the letter just read, and that, in accordance with the wishes of com. Barron, so emphatically expressed, they will relinquish all further measures in relation to the proposed public dinner. It was, on motion Resolved, That the proceedings of the meeting be published in the daily papers of the city of Philadelphia. JOHN LEAMY, chairman. JOSIAH RANDALL, Sec. LAW CASE-interesting to editors and publishers. The following decision, says the N. Y. Evening Post, taken from an English newspaper, will be read with no small degree of interest by the owners of our newspapers, most of whom, in the United States, hold as joint proprietors. The question here decided has hitherto been considered as an unsettled case, and whenever it has occurred, has, we believe, been referred to arbitrators, some of whom have decided one way and some another, but as it has never, that we have heard of, been the subject of a legal decision, the publication of the following report will excite some attention, at least with our brethren of the type. Copy right of a newspaper. On the 4th curt. the court of sesssion, (second division), determined an important point regarding the copy right of newspapers. COM. BARRON. We are glad that, even after so great a lapse of time, an act of justice to the public has been done, in the appointment of com. Barron to the superintendence of the navy yard at Philadelphia. He ought long since to have been employed or dismissed he was worthy or not worthy to receive the pay and emoluments of a captain from the treasury of the United States, which ought not to have been John and Peter Wilson, in 1803, established a rendered to him without the quid pro quo-of being in newspaper called the Ayr Advertiser, or West counservice, or for service, in the business of the navy; ty Journal, which speedily became a lucrative conbut he himself could not resign his office without im-cern, and thenceforward belonged to them equally. plicating himself, and he did right in retaining his commission. But "all's well that ends well," and we rejoice in this surrender of prejudice. The proceedings which follow are honorable to the parties concerned At a meeting of the citizens of Philadelphia, held at Ilieskell's hotel, on the 13th inst. agreeably to public notice, inviting the friends of commodore Barron, to meet for the purpose of making arrangements to give him a public dinner, John Leamy, esq. was called to the chair, and Josiah Randall, was appointed secretary. After the meeting was organized, the following letter was read: Philadelphia, Aug. 13, 1824. Sir: No man can more highly appreciate the favora In 1809, Peter Wilson sold his half share to a third person, receiving a premium or price for the copy right, exclusive of the stock. The purchaser afterwards sold it to two strangers receiving the same premium as he had paid. John Wilson retained his original half share till his death in May 1821. Conceiving it to be a valuable part of his estate, he, by his will, conveyed his half share of the copy right to his testamentary trustees. In all the changes of partners or proprietors, from the first establishment of the newspaper, there had been no written contract of co-partnership bctwixt them. John Wilson's trustees were about to sell his half share, when the two persons who had last purchased the other half, presented a bill of suspension and in terdict, to have the trustees restrained, upon the al-able for his talents, has nothing to fear from an invalegation that there was no such thing as the copy-sion." right of a newspaper; that the right to print and pub- Samana, which is considered the strongest of their lish a newspaper exercised by two or more persons posts, and the best calculated for the Gibraltar of associated together, just resembled any other trade; Hayti, has been strengthened with works sufficient to and that, upon the death of any partner, there being ensure it against surprise; and general Borgella, one no written contract providing otherwise, the good of the ablest of their officers, has been sent there will, as it is called, of the business, accrued to the with any army to secure its defence. survivors. Lord Meadowbank, in the bill chamber, appointed the bill to be answered, and granted the interdict. On advising the bill, with answers, lord Eringletie appointed parties to prepare memorials to the court. In these memorials the case was fully argued. On the 11th of July the committee of public instruction held the semi-annual examination of the primary national school of Port au Prince; when those who excelled in reading writing, arithmetic, grammar, recitations from memory, and general good conduct, were rewarded by the approbation and embraces of the committee. The court were unanimously of opinion, that the right of printing and publishing a newspaper, or the The Feuille du Commerce publishes the account share of such a right, however anomalous it may be of Mr. Granville's journey from Philadelphia to New in point of principle, and whether it might be called York, preceded by this quotation: "A polished man, copy right, privilege, property, or by whatever other like fine gold, is current alike in every country." name, is a valuable right, now perfectly known and understood, and is, by the common law, both transCOLOMBIA. The following is the decree, referred to ferable inter vivos, and transmissible to heirs, inde-in our last, (see page 431), which prohibits foreigners pendently of any written contract betwixt partners from acting as merchants and consignees in their own or proprietors. They, therefore, recalled the inter-persons, is inserted for the use of those whom it may dict, and refused the bill, with full expenses. concern, and for record. Francisco de Paula Santander, general of division, rice president of the republic, in charge of the executive power. HAYTI. From the Propagateur Haytien, of the 6th June; translated for the New York Daily Advertiser-The Propagateur Haytien, in the 25th number, pubThe supreme executive power being authorized by lished an extract from the message of the president the constitution to issue such regulations as may be of the United States at the opening of congress; necessary for the execution of the laws, and certain and after commenting upon that important document, provisions having become necessary for the conduct which stated to the new world what they had to ap-of national and foreign commerce, setting forth the prehend from the attempts of ancient Europe, and af-policy to be observed, and the burthens to be borne ter praising the generous and extended policy which by such individuals as may come to establish themMr. James Monroe has adopted with regard to the selves in Colombia, I have thought fit, with the approindependent people of South America, the Propaga-bation of the council of government, to decree as teur considered it not improper to inquire "why the follows: name of Hayti was not mentioned in that message," Art. 1. No foreigner arriving at any of the ports of in which those of Buenos Ayres, Colombia, Mexico Colombia, or proceeding inland with goods, shall be and Greece, had obtained so honorable a place. It allowed to sell them in his own person, ner to despatch appeared to us a matter of still greater surprise, that vessels; but must employ, for these purposes, a conwe were given to understand that we should be aban-signee, as has been practised heretofore according to doned to ourselves in the great contest which was the existing laws. preparing, by the declaration that there should be Art. 2. Only such Colombian merchants as have no interference in what concerns the European states and open stores, shall be allowed to receive consignments their colonies; while a protest was immediately after-to be sold wholesale, but shopkeepers may receive wards entered, with regard to the new goverments such as are intended to be retailed." above mentioned, whose independence has been recognized, against any interposition by European powers to oppress or control them. Art. 2. Such foreigners as have made the declaration prescribed in the 4th article of the law respecting naturalization, of their desire of becoming ColomThe observation made, and the subsequent opinion bians, are excepted from the general principle laid expressed by the Propagateur, do not extend beyond down in the first article. But this exception will not the circle of principles avowed by the United States operate till six months after having made such dethemselves: they are the result of the considerations claration, and, after having proved that they are submitted to congress by president Monroe. possessed of landed property, and furnished the neCertainly on a subject which we have given an ex-cessary securities to the administrators of the cusample to South America, we ought not to wish to be toms, or the officers of the treasury, in order to inmisunderstood by a nation with which we have lived sure the due payment of the duties that may be claim→ on good terms for twenty years, and from whose ex-ed from them: but from the day on which foreigners ample we have learned to conquer our rights. If it be shall be allowed to receive consignments and transact intended, as far as we are concerned, to tread under their own commercial affairs, they shall be subject to foot these principles, which they have made to ring all contributions in like proportion as the natives of through the world for their own account, and which the country. they still regard towards certain other states, we cannot prevent it: but is it necessary to add injury to a refusal of justice? They who act thus do not prove they have made a good use of their long civilization. "The army of Hayti is 60,000 strong, well disci- Art. 5. Foreigners who may repair to Colombia for plined, and conducted by experienced officers. One a short period, for commercial purposes, shall only half is constantly on furlough for the benefit of agri-pay such duties as may be due on the goods they exculture. The soldier at home cultivates his own field port or import, together with the corporation fees of or that of his neighbor. By a proclamation of Janu- the place where they may reside, for the maintenance ary last they were all called out, and thus the repub- of the police and cleanliness; but after a residence of lic has all its forces to depend upon. The nation, as one year, they will be subject to the same taxes as well as the soldiers, full of confidence in the patriot-Colombians. Art. 4, Foreigners, not naturalized, may keep retail shops, or may exercise any art or handicraft; but they shall be subject, in proportion to their capital, to the like taxes as Colombians. ism and indefatigable activity of a chief remark- Art. 6. In each canton of the republic, the political |