left conformably to Mr. Strutt's instructions, are shown in the plan fig. 55. p. 536. The point of junction of one walk with another is always noticeable in an artistical point of view, and affords an excuse for putting down sculptural or other ornamental objects at these points; we have therefore placed Mr. Strutt's pedestals and vases in positions where, if they are kept properly supplied during summer with pots of flowers (the pot being placed in the inside of the vase so as not to be seen), they will form very ornamental objects; and, the names of the flowers being written conspicuously on a card, and tied round the narrow part of each vase, and the kinds of flowers changed at least once a week, they will be instructive as well as ornamental. The kinds of plants should be such as have conspicuous red or orange flowers, in order to contrast harmoniously with the masses of green foliage and grass with which they are surrounded.

All the walks are drained by semicylindrical tiles laid on flat tiles in a line along the centre of the walk, and by cross drains from this line to the edges of the walk, communicating with gratings fixed in stone at regular distances. There is nearly a mile of drains, and there are 150 cast-iron gratings. The upper coating of gravel is of a good colour, brownish yellow; and, as when kept in proper order by rolling it binds very hard and smooth, the walks will be of the most dry, comfortable, durable, and agreeable description.

In order to disguise the boundaries of the ground, and to conceal the persons walking in the side walks from those in the centre walks, I have raised undulating mounds of soil, varying in height from 6 ft. to 10 ft., in the directions indicated by the lines in the plan fig. 52., and by the shadows in fig. 55.; and these, even without the aid of the trees and shrubs which are planted on them, effectually answer the ends proposed.* Certain spaces on the lawn throughout the garden are left perfectly smooth and level, on which tents may be fixed, or parties may dance, &c. I should have made certain hollows and winding hollow valleys, as well as the hills and winding ridges; but the retentive nature of the soil, the difficulty, or rather the absolute want,

A lithograph plan of the garden, on a larger scale, shows these mounds, and also the mode of planting the garden, much more correctly than the engraving, fig. 55. It is sold by the curator, at the lodge, at 2s. 6d. ; or, if sent post paid, 2. 9d.

One of the Pavilions forming the Terminations to the cross Walk.
Style of James I.

left conformably to Mr. Strutt's instructions, are shown in the plan fig. 55. p. 536. The point of junction of one walk with another is always noticeable in an artistical point of view, and affords an excuse for putting down sculptural or other ornamental objects at these points; we have therefore placed Mr. Strutt's pedestals and vases in positions where, if they are kept properly supplied during summer with pots of flowers (the pot being placed in the inside of the vase so as not to be seen) they will form very ornamental objects; and the names of the flowers being written conspicuously on a card, and tied round the narrow part of each vase, and the kinds of flowers changed at least once a week, they will be instructive as well as ornamental. The kinds of plants should be such as have conspicuous red or orange flowers, in order to contrast harmoniously with the masses of green foliage and grass with which they are surrounded.

All the walks are drained by semicylindrical tiles laid on flat tiles in a line along the centre of the walk, and by cross drains from this line to the edges of the walk, communicating with gratings fixed in stone at regular distances. There is nearly a mile of drains, and there are 150 cast-iron gratings. The upper coating of gravel is of a good colour, brownish yellow; and, as when kept in proper order by rolling it binds very hard and smooth, the walks will be of the most dry, comfortable, durable, and agreeable description.

In order to disguise the boundaries of the ground, and to conceal the persons walking in the side walks from those in the centre walks, I have raised undulating mounds of soil, varying in height from 6 ft. to 10 ft., in the directions indicated by the lines in the plan fig. 52., and by the shadows in fig. 55.; and these, even without the aid of the trees and shrubs which are planted on them, effectually answer the ends proposed.* Certain spaces on the lawn throughout the garden are left perfectly smooth and level, on which tents may be fixed, or parties may dance, &c. I should have made certain hollows and winding hollow valleys, as well as the hills and winding ridges; but the retentive nature of the soil, the difficulty, or rather the absolute want,

A lithograph plan of the garden, on a larger scale, shows these mounds, and also the mode of planting the garden, much more correctly than the engraving fig. 55. It is sold by the curator, at the lodge, at 2s. 6d.; or, if sent post paid, 2s. 9d.

1840. Ост.

*MM 8

Design for a Statue and Stone Seats for the radiating Centre of the Derby Arboretum. of drainage for such hollows, as well as the very limited space, and the necessity of having a broad, straight, nearly level walk down the centre, rendered this impracticable.

In moving the ground, care has been taken to preserve some of the old surface soil to form the new surface; and this new surface has also been drained where necessary, and every where rendered perfectly smooth and even, by raking and rolling, before sowing the grass seeds.

The seats have been designed and placed, chiefly by Mr. Strutt himself, reference being had to the following rules:- To make choice of situations under the shade of trees already existing in the belts, or of situations where some kind of view or feature is obtained; to place some in gravelled recesses along the sides of the walks, and others on the turf; some open to the sun for winter use; but the most part looking to the east, west, or north, for summer use. Those seats which are placed in recesses ought to be 1 ft. back from the edge of the walk, in order that the feet of persons sitting on them may not be in the way of passers by; and the gravelled recess should extend 6 in. beyond the seat behind and at each end, for the sake of distinctness, and to prevent any difficulty in weeding the gravel or mowing the grass. No seat should be put down, along the walks, in such a situation as to allow persons approaching it to see the back of the seat before they see the front of it; and, hence, the seats should generally be placed in the concavities of the turns of walks rather than in the convexities of bends. No seat to be put down where there is not either a considerable space directly in front, or at an angle of 45°, or some other equal and large angle on each side. No seat to be put down where there will be any temptation to the persons sitting on it to strain the eye looking to the extreme right or left. None to be put down where more than one point of the boundary of the garden can be seen from the seat. None to be put down on the tops of the mounds, by which a person sitting would, at least before the trees and shrubs grow up, get a panoramic view of the entire garden, and thus defeat the main object of the mounds, and of the winding direction of the side walks. No seat to be put down, nor any device contrived, by which both the lodges can be seen at once from the same point of view; or even where one of the lodges and one of the pavilions can be seen from the same seat. Seats which are placed on the lawn always to be backed by some of the trees or shrubs there, so that no person may ever come close up to a seat from behind; or, if seats are placed in the open lawn without trees or shrubs near them on either side, then such seats must be made double, with a common back in the centre, or they may be benches without backs, or single seats, such as chairs or stools. All fixed seats, whether on the lawn or on gravel, to have foot-boards for the sake of aged persons and invalids. Round the central circle the seats should have stone backs, and a more architectural character than in any other part of the garden, as shown in fig. 56.