3 The King arrived in great haste from Hanover on the 31st of August.

CHAP. VIII.-CHARLES'S MARCH UPON EDINBURGH.

1 Gartmore MS. quoted in Birt's Letters (2d ed.), ii.

351.

2 Nimmo's History of Stirlingshire, edited by the Rev. Mr Macgregor Stirling, p. 564.

3 Information, at second-hand, from a daughter of Glenbuckie, now alive [1827].

4 Dougal Graham's Metrical History, 15.

5 Lockhart Papers, ii. 487.

6 The conduct of the insurgent army, on first entering the Lowlands, is minutely and strikingly pourtrayed by Dougal Graham, the metrical historian of the Forty-five, who seems to have been present and observed their proceedings. The reader will learn with astonishment, that young Lochiel, with all his amiable qualities, could be guilty of shooting one of his clan ; a fact highly illustrative of the power of these petty sovereigns over their people.

"Here for a space they took a rest,
And had refreshment of the best
The country round them could afford,
Though many found but empty board.
As sheep and cattle were drove away,
Yet hungry men sought for their prey;
Took milk and butter, kirn and cheese,
On all kinds of eatables they seize;
And he who could not get a share,
Sprang to the hills like dogs for hare ;
There shot the sheep and made them fall,
Whirled off the skin, and that was all;
Struck up fires and boiled the flesh,
With salt and pepper did not fash.
This did enrage the Camerons' chief,
To see his men so play the thief;
And finding one into the act,

He fired and shot him through the back;
Then to the rest himself addressed,
This is your lot, I do protest,

Who e'er amongst you wrongs a man,
Pay what you get, I tell you plain;
For yet we know not friend or foe,
Nor how all things may chance to go."

7 Lockhart Papers, ii. 444.

p. 16. 8 Dougal Graham, after relating that the Highlanders found a considerable quantity of arms at Callander House, says,

"Then to Linlithgow they did proceed;
Open'd the pris'n, in search of more,
Thinking to seize on Gardiner's store;
But th' information was but mocks,
For all they found was sacking frocks,
Which troopers use in dressing horse;
This made hersel' to rage and curse,
Saying, Het! that soger has been chased,
And left his auld sark in ta haste. ""

P. 18. 9 The Provost of Linlithgow, in 1745, was a great Jacobite-his name Bucknay. On the 10th of June preceding the commencement of the insurrection, he had attended a sort of fete given in the palace by Mrs Gordon in honour of the Chevalier's birth-day, when a large bonfire was kindled in the inner-court, the fountain in the centre adorned with flowers and green boughs, and King James's health drunk. When the Highland army drew near, the Provost fled towards Edinburgh; but his wife and daughters remained, and waited upon the Prince, with tartan gowns and white cockades, and had the honour of kissing his hand at the cross.-See Jacobitism Triumphant; a pamphlet, dated 1753, which appears to have been occasioned by the following ridiculous circumstance. Some of the Jacobite gentry around Linlithgow, suspecting that the post-master of the town (a notorious loyalist) was in the habit of opening their letters and exposing them to Government, Mr James Dundas of Philipstoun wrote a letter to Provost Bucknay, of which the following are the ipsissima verba:

Sir,-Is it not very hard that you and I cannot keep up a correspondence, for that damned villain of a postmaster?

(Signed) "JA. DUNDAS. " They expected that the object of their suspicions would open this epistle, and be overwhelmed with

shame and rage. To their astonishment he did not do so. He only learned that such a pasquil had been issued against him, some years afterwards; and the pamphlet is a sort of memorial, arising out of the process which he then instituted against Mr Dundas before the Court of Session.

10 Lockhart Papers, ii. 445.

CHAP. IX.-CAPTURE OF EDINBURGH.

1 Popularly termed the Blue Blanket.

2 True Account of the Conduct and Behaviour of Provost Archibald Stewart, p. 18.

3 A story is told of one John MacLure, a writing-master, who, knowing the irresolution of his fellowvolunteers, and that they would never fight, assumed what the reviewer of Mr Home's Works (Quar. Rev. No. 71) calls "a professional cuirass, namely, a quire of writing-paper, upon which he wrote, "This is the body of John Mac Lure-pray give it a Christian burial." The same man excited the laughter of the bystanders, at the West Port, by calling out, in remonstrance against some encroachment upon his place," Stand about, stand about! we're a' alike burgesses here."

4 Hend. Hist. Reb. 43.

5 Delivered between ten and eleven in the forenoon by Mr Alves, a gentleman of Edinburgh, who had passed the Highland army on the road, and been intrusted with it by the Duke of Perth. Mr Alves was put

in prison that afternoon by the Provost for having been so imprudent as to communicate the message to the people on the streets, instead of confining it to his Lordship's own ear.

6 Williamson did go over the walls through the night, and was the first man to reach London with intelligence of the surrender of Edinburgh.

7 MS. Note to a copy of Lord Hailes' pamphlet against the Extension of the city of Edinburgh, 1753.

8 Cal. Merc.

9 Hist. Reb. London, 8vo, p. 30.

11 The first man who entered the city was Captain Evan MacGregor, a younger son of MacGregor of Glencairnaig, and grandfather to the present Sir Evan

Murray MacGregor, Bart., chief of this ancient clan In consideration of his gallantry, he was that night raised to a Majority by the Prince at Holyroodhouse. MS. account of the campaign by Duncan MacPharig, an actor, in the possession of Sir J. M. MacGregor. 12 Lockhart Papers, ii. 488.

13 Mr Home seems to have adopted this idea from a saying to the same effect, which we have heard put into the mouth of a Highlander. A citizen of Edinburgh, taking a stroll round the walls on the morning of this momentous day, observed a mountaineer sitting astride upon a cannon, with an air of great vigilance and solemnity, as if deeply impressed with a sense of his duty as a sentinel. The citizen accosted him with a remark, that surely these were not the same troops which mounted guard yesterday." Och, no!" said the Highlander, "she pe releeved. " 14 At the period of these memorable transactions, there were two newspapers regularly published at Edinburgh-the Evening Courant and the Caledonian Mercury. The former continued throughout all the subsequent campaign to express such violent hostility to the insurgents, that the Editor was burnt in effigy, at Rome, on the 10th of June 1746, amongst the other festivities with which the birth-day of the old Chevalier was there celebrated. The Mercury, on the contrary, was so enthusiastic a Jacobite, that it was afterwards very much discountenanced and even persecuted by Government. There is something quite amusing in the conduct of the Courant on the occasion of Charles' entry into Edinburgh. So long as the Highlanders were at a distance, the Editor talks of them with the most dignified contempt. Even when they had pushed the length of Perth, he describes them as "a pitiful ignorant crew, good for nothing, and incapable of giving any reason for their proceedings, but talking only of Snishing, King Jamesh, ta Rashant (the Regent), plunter, and new progues. At every successive advance, however, which they made towards Edinburgh, and at every additional symptom of imbecility displayed by the protectors of the city, this tone is perceptibly decreased, till at last, in the number for Tuesday, September 17, it is altogether extinguished, and we only find

a notice to the following effect: "By order of Mr Murray of Broughton, Secretary. Since our last, the Prince, with his Highland army, has taken possession of this place; but we must refer you for particulars to our next. Our next, however, did not come out for a week, instead of appearing, as it ought to have done, at the distance of two days; and, during the whole stay of the Prince at Edinburgh, the editor seems fain to say as little on either side as possible. The Mercury, which, as we have already mentioned, was then under the charge of Ruddiman, the distinguished grammarian, both talks with more respect of the Highland army when at a distance, and afterwards becomes more readily its organ of intelligence, than the Courant. In the first publication after the capture of Edinburgh, "affairs are stated to have taken a surprising turn in this city since yesterday, Highlanders and bagpipes being now as common in our street as for merly were dragoons and drums. Then follows an account of the taking of the city, concluding with a statement that "the Highlanders behave most civilly to the inhabitants, paying cheerfully for every thing they get," &c. Both papers are printed without the affix of a printer's or publisher's name; a circumstance which at once indicated their terror of Government, and the compulsion under which the Highland army had laid them. They are also unstamped; because the Stamp Office, as well as the Banks, and other public offices, had been removed into the Castle before the army approached.

It remains to be stated, that Provost Archibald Stewart was afterwards apprehended, and, being confined for fourteen months, and only liberated on finding bail to the enormous amount of 15,000l., tried by the High Court of Justiciary, upon an obsolete statute of the Scottish James II, " for neglect of duty and misbehaviour in the execution of his office." The trial, which took place in March 1747, lasted for two or three days, and was considered the most solemn ever witnessed in this country. He was acquitted by a unanimous jury. The vexations and disgrace to which this man was subjected, prove strongly the nature of the Government of that time. Jacobite as he was, he had done every thing for the de