down the rocks with a fearful impetuosity. An awful grandeur pervades this scene at all times, but more especially at those seasons

"When copious rains have magnified the stream

Into a loud and white-robed waterfall."

The dashing of the waters is heard long before you reach the spot.

The dim and woody

path leading to it is every way calculated to increase the effect, and when at length an opening in the copse reveals the Force in all its " dread magnificence," the mind is overcome with a mingled feeling of terror and delight.

The total depth of Culleth or Colwith Force, may not exceed 150 feet; but the rocky projections and other obstacles which oppose the waters in their descent, render it eminently picturesque and sublime. After falling successively from one crag to another, the headlong stream plunges into a basin, from the outer edge of which rises a massive fragment of rock. Impeded in their course, the waters rage violently, and shoot with terrific rapidity through the narrow openings on each side, whence they fall, amidst clouds of spray, into a deep and fearful chasm below.

In every period of human history-in the regions of savage and civilized life,-the extent of ocean, the raging of the mountain torrent, the unbroken surface of the quiet lake,— have claimed pre-eminence in the mind of man over all the various phenomena of the natural world. The sacred writings abundantly show, that water, in a state of action or repose, affords the most sublime and comprehensive similes. The Creator, it is said, " sitteth above the water-floods ;"-the noise of a multitude, is compared to "the voice of many waters ;"—and of the placid streams, we are told that "they make glad the city of God."

BROUGHAM HALL,-WESTMORLAND.

On the east bank of the Lowther river, and at the distance of about half a mile from Eamont bridge, stands Brougham Hall, the seat of Lord Brougham and Vaux. Distinguished only by a venerable simplicity of style, this mansion has frequently been designated, from the elevated situation which it occupies, the "Windsor of the North." The terrace, in front of the house, commands a delightful prospect, comprising the river Lowther, and its plumy woods; the village of Clifton, an extended level of rich meadows, and the mountain scenery of Ullswater. Five gothic windows of painted glass, including a great variety of subjects, admit a subdued light into the entrance hall, and cast upon its lofty walls the beautiful tints of an autumnal evening.

The extensive shrubberies and pleasure-grounds, laid out in excellent taste, are esteemed the most exquisite of their kind. Within the former is a hermit's cell, furnished with the usual characteristics of an anchorite's dwelling. A scroll is exhibited in part of the building, with these lines inscribed:

"Beneath this moss-grown roof, this rustic cell,

Truth, liberty, content, sequestered dwell:
Say, you, who dare our hermitage disdain,
What drawing-room can boast so fair a train ?'

D

Brougham Hall, as shown in the engraving, is seen to great advantage; the rich foliage of the shrubbery being contrasted in a pleasing manner with the simple and antiquated character of the building. The figure in the fore-ground of the view, will be easily recognized, as being that of the modern Gracchus himself.

Possessing talents of the highest order, with the most extensive acquired knowledge, and, superadded to these, a strong feeling of philanthropy and benevolence towards his fellow-men, this illustrious statesman was peculiarly fitted to rise up as the instructor of the people, and the champion of their rights. Swayed by no prejudices, and actuated by no sinister motives, his decisions have in all cases been formed on the broad principle of right and wrong. He is now the caressed of thousands,-the idol of a grateful nation; and, in no case, perhaps, have popular esteem and admiration been more justly conferred. In the neighbourhood of Brougham Hall are the remains of the ancient castle. History is silent respecting both the architect and the period of its erection; the ruins, however, retain the character of Norman architecture, and appear to be those of a once strong, extensive, and beautiful edifice.

WINDERMERE LAKE,-WESTMORLAND.

Windermere, or Winandermere, the most capacious and extensive of all the English lakes, lies on the boundary line which separates Westmorland from Lancashire. The circumference of this vast sheet of water is something less than twenty-three miles, and the breadth rarely exceeds a mile; the depth varying from thirty to one hundred and twenty feet. It is formed principally by the united streams of the Rothay and Brathay rivers. The waters are finally discharged at Newby Bridge, under the name of the Leven river; which, after a course of two miles, falls into an estuary of Morecambe Bay.

"Diffusiveness, stately beauty, and, at the upper end, magnificence, have been justly considered as the characteristics of Windermere." The extraordinary clearness of this lake is such, that the eye can distinctly view the finny inhabitants of its deep recesses, as they play in shoals, and, "sporting with quick glance,

Show to the sun their waved coats, dropp'd with gold."

This lake suffers little change in its appearance, either from the drought of summer, or the copious rains of winter; almost constantly maintaining a uniform level. It is, however, subject to violent agitation by the winds; and there are times when its disturbed waters bear no indistinct resemblance to a tempestuous ocean. Windermere abounds with trout, perch, pike, and char; and its banks are the favourite haunts of wild fowl," which add to the scenery of the lake, by the variety of forms in which they appear-sometimes, sitting in black groups on the water, they rise and sink with the waves; at other times in the air, they circle the lake in figured files, or with hesitating wing seize some station on its banks or surface."

In the centre of Windermere are several beautiful islands, the largest of which is Curwen island, so named after the proprietor, Mr. Curwen. "A more sequestered spot,"

THE

SEAT OF THE R HON BLE HENRY BROUGHAM, BARON BROUGHAN & VAUX, LORD HIGH CHANCELLOR OF GREAT BRITAIN

FISHER SON & LONDON 1832.

it has been remarked, "cannot easily be conceived. Nothing can be more excluded from the noise and interruption of life; or abound with a greater variety of those circumstances which make retirement pleasing."

This island formerly belonged to the Phillipsons, a Westmorland family of some note; and, during the contentions between Charles I. and his parliament, two brothers of this name, one of whom was then proprietor, aided the royal cause. After the war had subsided, Robert Phillipson being on a visit to his brother's house on the island of Windermere, Colonel Briggs, a parliamentarian officer, attempted to secure him, as a person who had rendered himself obnoxious to the ruling powers. Accordingly, he laid siege to the house; but was compelled, by the return of the proprietor with a strong party, to abandon the enterprise. Robert Phillipson had no sooner been relieved by his brother, than he meditated revenge. Advancing with a small troop of horse to Kendal, he there was told that Colonel Briggs had gone to prayers; upon which, he rode directly to the church, and proceeded on horseback through the midst of the congregation. The object of his search, however, was not there; and, the girths of his saddle breaking, Robert was unhorsed by the people, and, but for the timely succour afforded by his companions, would have been destroyed for this impious profanation of the sacred edifice. "The action marked the man. Many knew him; and they who did not, knew as well from the exploit, that it could be nobody but Robin the Devil.”

This incident is worthy of remark, from its having been introduced with some poetical embellishment into the "Rokeby" of Sir Walter Scott.

"Through the gothic arch there sprung

A horseman armed, at headlong speed-
Sable his cloke, his plume, his steed.
All scattered backward as he came,
For all knew Bertram Risingham!-
Three bounds that noble courser gave;
The first has reached the central nave,
The second cleared the chancel wide,
The third, he was at Wycliffe's side."

The view of Windermere, shown in the engraving, is taken from the Ferry-house, whence a most delightful prospect is obtained across the lake. The distant mountains are named High Street, Harter Fell, and Hill Bell. The situation of the island previously mentioned, is indicated by the clustering foliage, connecting apparently with the foot of the mountains, yet being in reality far distant from them. Cowper would have been content to forego his "lodge in some vast wilderness," for a convenient dwelling on the banks of Windermere; and the beautiful remark made by Miss Landon on another view of the lake will apply with equal propriety to this: "Here might the weary heart dream itself away, and find the freshness of the spring-time of the spirit return upon it."

NEWCASTLE,-NORTHUMBERLAND.

Newcastle, a borough and market town, usually designated Newcastle-upon-Tyne, from its situation on the northern bank of that river, was formerly a Roman station; and