English. Sanser. Anglo-Saxon. Old and New High German. bhí (timere, Cauf. fian (odisse); fiend, fien (odisse) fiant, foe friend fear fist drive, v. drav ayámi (facio drifan fan leave, v. rich (relinquere) lifan, leofan, læ- liban, biliban; blei raven,s. kárava (cornix) hræfn, hræm love, v. lubh (desiderare) lufjan, leofjan live, v. jív (vivere) leofjan, lifjan . ben. hraban, hram ; The following table shews the results of our comparisons. Eng. F anlaut corresponding with Sanscr. P in 23 examples. According to Grimm's law, Gothic F ought to answer to Greek, Latin, and Sanser. P. The majority of our examples proves this to be the fact also in respect to English and Sanscrit. General Rule: English F corresponds with Sanscr. P. 15 There will be about 130 words compared of the Labial Class, 13 of these answer to Scr. Gutturals or Palatals, 3 only to Linguals. These numbers seem to indicate that there is a more intimate organic connection between the Labials and Gutturals or Palatals than between the Labials and Linguals. 3. B, in English, frequent as Anlaut, much less so as Inlaut and Auslaut. In Gothic, it is of rare occurrence as Auslaut (Grimm, 1. 55,) but regularly after liquids (e. gr. halb, dumb); preceded by a vowel, it changes into f, e. gr. geban, imp. gif. In A. S. it is of rare occurrence in both Inlaut and Auslaut (Grimm, 1. 247.) (a.) English B. anlaut, corresponding with Sanscrit Bh. brother bhrátri (frater) brodhor, bredher brow bhrú (superci- bræve, bruva lium) brodar; Bruder. brawa; Braue. 16 Graff, III. 191, gives "bringan, Th. brah" under the root Bar or Sanser. bhri. But at the same time he leaves the choice between this and the following roots: bhaj (offerre, dare), if it does really exist. Or Sanscr. rah (relingere) with the præfix bi, which may change the meaning to the contrary, brah (afferre.) Or Sanscr. rah, rauh (seˆmovere.) Or "barh (dare), brih (adniti.) Or Sanser. grah (capere, sumere,) causat. offerre. B changed into G, as in Sanser. gavas, Lat. boves. balk, s. bark (ré- blatan sonner, Eichh.) bind gare) beam, (b.) English B inlaut and Sanscr. Bh. (c.) English B anlaut and Sanscr. Bh. jribh (aperire, os- grafan; Goth. graban, grubilon ; (d.) English B and some other Sanscr. letter. graben, grübeln. blazan; blöken, bölken. bindan; binden. band, bundh (li- bindan bah,bad(crescere) beam; Got.bagms; baum; Baum. The following table exhihits the results of our comparisons: Eng. B anlaut corresponding with Sanscr. Bh in 27 examples. According to Grimm's law, Gothic B is to answer to Gr. q, Lat. f, and the Sanscrit labial aspirates. There are two: Ph and Bh. The true aspirate of B can only be Bh, which accordingly appears in the majority of the examples. Besides Sanser. Ph is rather of rare occurrence in Anlaut, as well as in Inlaut and Auslaut. Grimm, (1.585,) says that both these aspirates appear promiscuously in Greek and Lat. f and b. For P the Anlaut Ph, there is only one example where a Sanscrit root has its correspondent in Greek and Latin; it is "phull, se expandere (de floribus,) florescere:" Gr. pólλov; Lat. fol-ium; flo-s instead of fol-s, ful-s, vide Bopp, s. v. We have then to state, as a general rule, that English B answers to Sanscr. Bh. |